EDUCATUM Journal of Social Science (EJoSS) [ISSN 2289-9391 / eISSN 2462-2443] is an international peer-reviewed journal published by UPSI Press, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia since 2015. EJoSS is devoted to the publication of original research papers, scientific reviews and short communications on various aspects of social science and humanities. Published twice a year (April & October started 2024) by UPSI Press. EJOSS supports Open Access. The electronic full text version of the journal is available Free of Charge (FOC).
Pengurusan Program Akademik dari Persepktif Jaminan Kualiti: Kajian Tematik terhadap Cabaran Pendidikan Generasi Alpha
Generasi Alpha adalah generasi yang lahir bermula tahun 2010. Dalam konteks Malaysia, Generasi Alpha awal kini berumur lingkungan 15 tahun dalam tahun semasa. Para penyelidik secara umumnya melihat bahawa golongan ini cenderung kepada kehidupan berasaskan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence, AI). Walau bagaimanapun, memandangkan generasi ini kini masih berada dalam peringkat persekolahan menengah, kajian yang meninjau terhadap aspek pendidikan tinggi berkaitan golongan ini masih terhad. Justeru, isu dan cabaran dalam pendidikan tinggi bagi Generasi Alpha perlu dianalisis dalam pelbagai peringkat pendidikan, bentuk dan sudut kajian. Kajian ini menjurus kepada kajian tematik berdasarkan isu dan cabaran pendidikan Generasi Alpha yang dibincangkan dalam dalam literatur sehingga kini. Analisis ini menekankan keperluan untuk mempersiapkan generasi ini agar mampu mencapai kompetensi program, objektif pembelajaran, dan hasil pembelajaran merentas pelbagai disiplin akademik. Kajian diharapkan dapat melihat potensi sumbangan secara teoretikal menjurus kepada faktor-faktor yang boleh menyumbang kepada aspek prestasi dalam konteks pendidikan tinggi di kalangan penuntut khususnya terhadap Generasi Alpha. Secara praktikal kajian ini diharap dapat memberi implikasi kepada aspek semakan semula pengurusan program akademik oleh pemberi pendidikan tinggi (PPT) berdasarkan Kod Amalan Akreditasi Program (Code of Practice for Programme Accreditation, COPPA) oleh Agensi Kelayakan Malaysia (Malaysian Qualifications Agency, MQA).
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Zefli Ghaus Mohamed, Suhartini Samsudin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Harnessing Data Analytics for Smart Academic Management
In today's rapidly evolving educational landscape, higher education institutions (HEIs) must adopt data-driven strategies to improve efficiency, decision-making, and student success. Collecting diverse data types is essential for developing a holistic understanding of students and institutional operations. Student-related data, such as academic performance, attendance records, demographic details, and socio-economic factors, provide valuable insights into learning progress and support needs. Meanwhile, institutional data, which includes accreditation reports, research outputs, and stakeholder satisfaction scores, helps institutions refine curricula, enhance administrative processes, and strengthen industry partnerships. By leveraging data analytics, HEIs can develop intelligent academic management systems that optimize learning pathways, streamline administrative tasks, and foster deeper collaboration with internal and external stakeholders. This paper presents a hub-and-spoke framework for smart academic management, incorporating data analytics, along with relevant data metrics for HEIs and their corresponding hub-spoke pairings. Through automation, adaptive learning, and continuous feedback, HEIs can create a seamless, student-centered ecosystem that enhances academic achievement and operational efficiency. Furthermore, key innovations, challenges, and strategic approaches involved in implementing data-driven academic transformation are critically explored.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hamimah Ujir, Majina Sulaiman, Irwandi Hipiny, Shanti Faridah Salleh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Empowering Self-Determining Biochemistry Learners: The XPLORATE Module for Gen Z with Alpha Features
This study emphasizes the implementation of the XPLORATE module for Biochemistry learning as a transformation based on the principles of heutagogy and project-based learning. This module is designed according to the HEUBRID Model, to strengthen learning ownership among Generation Z who also have the characteristics of Generation Alpha learners, namely digital, flexible, and reflective. A total of 64 Bachelor of Education (Biology) students from a public university in Malaysia implemented learning using this module. This study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative design. The questionnaire instrument was built based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to measure students' perceptions of the experience of using XPLORATE. Meanwhile, structured interviews were conducted to obtain more in-depth reflective views. Quantitative findings showed high acceptance in terms of Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), and Behavioural Intention (BI). The interview sessions also found four main themes: learning ownership, research skills, time management, and active engagement. This study proves that the XPLORATE module is able to develop students who are independent, reflective, and skilled in the use of technology. The implication is that the heutagogy-based approach should be expanded in an effort to strengthen the marketability of graduates, improve the quality of teaching, and prepare higher education institutions for the challenges of future generations of learners
Copyright (c) 2025 Shakinaz Desa, Putri Nuratira Elliya Azizan Shah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sarjana Pendidikan Sains: Inovasi Akademik Pascasiswazah Berasaskan Nilai, Fleksibiliti, Stackable Yang Berimpak Tinggi dan Berteraskan Kompetensi
Program baharu Sarjana Pendidikan Sains direka bentuk sebagai satu program akademik yang dinamik bagi menyahut cabaran Revolusi Industri 5.0 dan keperluan Generasi Alpha dalam pendidikan tinggi. Justeru, fokus pembentangan ini adalah bagi mengetengahkan pendekatan inovatif dalam penggubalan program akademik yang mengintegrasikan Value-Based Education (VBE), Flexible Learning Pathway (FLP), Global Sustainability Agenda (GSA), yang dilaksanakan dalam bentuk Micro-credential Course (MC). Keunikan program ini terletak pada pelaksanaan pengajian secara blok yang lebih berfokus dan pembelajaran stackable berimpak tinggi bagi membolehkan pelajar mengikuti pembelajaran bermodul secara intensif, sistematik dan fleksibel. Selain itu, penerapan kompetensi profesional guru sains yang digabungjalin dalam program ini ditaksir secara berstruktur melalui pemetaan hasil pembelajaran terhadap standard kompetensi guru, dan dilaporkan secara rasmi untuk mengiktiraf kemajuan kompetensi individu guru. Kaedah pelaksanaan yang mengutamakan aspek pembelajaran antara disiplin, penggunaan teknologi imersif, serta kesepaduan prinsip kelestarian global dalam kandungan kurikulum program baharu ini seiring dengan keperluan menghadapi cabaran dunia VUCA-RR yang sangat dititikberatkan dalam pendidikan tinggi. Intipati pembentangan ini juga menyoroti bagaimana inovasi program ini memperkasa pelajar menjadi profesional guru sains yang celik teknologi, beretika global dan berwibawa dalam mendukung agenda kelestarian sejagat. Program ini diunjurkan sebagai model rintis pendidikan pascasiswazah stackable masa depan yang dinamik, responsif dan berorientasikan impak tinggi yang komprehensif dan fleksibel
Copyright (c) 2025 Syakirah Samsudin, Nur Izwani Mohd. Shapri, Ahmad Muslihin Ahmad, Som Cit Si Nang http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sorotan Naratif ChatGPT dalam Pendidikan: Peluang, Cabaran dan Kebimbangan Etika
Kehadiran ChatGPT dalam dunia teknologi maklumat telah mencetuskan minat yang mendalam dalam kalangan pendidik dalam pendidikan tinggi. Ia merangsang berbagai perdebatan berkaitan tentang faedah, cabaran dan implikasi penggunaan ChatGPT dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran di institusi pengajian tinggi. Bagi memenuhi perdebatan ini, kajian sistematik ini telah dilaksanakan dengan meneliti sebanyak 82 penerbitan artikel dalam pangkalan data Scopus antara tempoh Januari 2023 hingga Januari 2025. Empat isu teras yang menjadi fokus kajian dan perbincangan artikel penyelidikan ilmiah dalam tempoh berkenaan adalah potensi ChatGPT dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran yang diperibadikan, keupayaan memberikan maklum balas segera yang mempercepatkan tugas pentadbiran, sokongan dalam meningkatkan penyelidikan dan penciptaan kandungan bahan pembelajaran. Isu-isu utama yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan ChatGPT dalam pendidikan adalah seperti kebimbangan integriti akademik, risiko penurunan elemen pemikiran kritis dalam kalangan pelajar kerana terlalu bergantung ChatGPT, dan potensi maklumat salah atau maklumat berat sebelah daripada kandungan yang dijana AI. Implikasi kajian literatur ini mencadangkan pengubalan dasar yang disokong oleh garis panduan etika serta perlaksanaan latihan khusus untuk kedua-dua pendidik dan pelajar. Usaha-usaha ini perlu dilakukan bagi memastikan penggunaan ChatGPT yang bertanggungjawab dan berkesan dalam pembelajaran dan pengajaran.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maizatul Hayati Mohamad Yatim, Che Soh Said, Ramlah Mailok, Mohd Fadhil Harfiez Abdul Muttalib, Rasyidi Johan, Muhamad Hariz Muhamad Adnan, Nazre Abdul Rashid http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Pengalaman Emosi Murid dalam Memahami Watak Cerpen Kesusasteraan Melayu Komunikatif: Aplikasi Pendekatan Mengalami dan Menghayati
Pengajaran Kesusasteraan Melayu Komunikatif (KMK) menuntut pendekatan pedagogi yang bukan sahaja menekankan analisis teks, malah mampu membina penghayatan emosi dan empati murid terhadap karya sastera. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini bertujuan meneliti pengalaman emosi murid dalam memahami watak cerpen KMK melalui aplikasi Pendekatan Mengalami dan Menghayati. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kualitatif berbentuk penyelidikan di bilik darjah dengan melibatkan seramai 25 orang murid Tingkatan 4 yang mengikuti mata pelajaran KMK. Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada pemerhatian berfokus, refleksi bertulis murid dan temu bual separa berstruktur. Data dianalisis secara tematik dengan sokongan analisis kekerapan respons yang dipersembahkan dalam bentuk graf. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengalaman emosi murid dapat dibahagikan kepada tiga tema utama, iaitu empati terhadap watak, kesedaran nilai kemanusiaan dan penghayatan makna karya. Kajian ini membuktikan bahawa Pendekatan Mengalami dan Menghayati berkesan dalam membantu murid memahami watak cerpen secara lebih mendalam, bermakna dan kontekstual. Implikasi kajian ini mencadangkan agar pendekatan ini dijadikan salah satu strategi utama dalam pengajaran KMK bagi membentuk murid yang berfikir, berempati dan menghargai nilai kemanusiaan melalui sastera.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Athirah binti Ahmad, Nordiana binti Hamzah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Nurturing Industrial Revolution 4.0 Ready Graduates Through Sustainable Academic Programmes
Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) is characterized by a range of new technologies that are combining the physical, digital, and biological worlds that impact all discipline, industry, economy, and education. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak has responded appropriately to prepare both educators and students to thrive the future by rethinking and redesigning their current curriculum approach in academic programmes. This paper discusses on how Universiti Malaysia Sarawak nurture the IR4.0 ready graduates through robust academic programmes in two perspectives: (1) sustainability of academic programmes and (2) monitoring of High Impact Educational Practices (HIEPs) and Future Ready Curriculum (FRC) framework implementation. Sustainability of academic programmes are calculated based on four indicators: programme popularity, graduate on time, graduate employability, and merit of entry. HIEPs and FRC implementation in academic programmes are monitored based on their respective criteria via key performance indicator (KPI) internal audit. The academic programme sustainability index data for the student intake between 2014 and 2016 indicated that most programmes require strengthening strategies or curriculum modification in order to produce future ready graduates. Excellent percentage of HIEPs and FRC implementation in academic programmes were recorded in 2018 and 2023 (90-100%). In conclusion, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak strategic initiatives showed its strong commitment towards enhancement of academic programme for nurturing IR4.0 ready graduates.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rohana Sapawi, Rafeah Wahi, Azzahrah Anuar, Shanti Faridah Salleh, Maya Asyikin Mohamad Arif, Nur Tahirah Razali, Asrani Lit, Nazreen Junaidi, Sharifah Masniah Wan Masra, Nordiana Rajaee, Maimun Huja Husin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Hati nurani dan kemekaran insan melalui teknik TPDM dalamera Pendidikan 5.0
Cabaran utama dalam era Pendidikan 5.0 ialah untuk melahirkan individu yang bermoral, berkarakter dan mekar insan tanpa mengabaikan kemahiran teknologi serta kerjaya. Individu murid yang berkembang mekar diharap dapat menyumbang kepada kesejahteraan manusia secara lokal dan global, seperti yang digariskan dalam matlamat Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Dalam hubungan ini satu unsur yang perlu diambil kira ialah hati nurani yang menjadi asas kemekaran insan. Pemerkasaan hati nurani perlu bermula dari sekolah dengan menggunakan strategi dan teknik pengajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menggunakan satu teknik inovatif iaitu Teater Perbincangan Dilema Moral (TPDM) dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Moral. Murid-murid dilibatkan dalam empat langkah TPDM iaitu: (i) pengembangan skrip (ii) lakonan immoral (iii) perbincangan dilemma dan (iv) lakonan penyelesaian dilema, untuk memperkasa hati nurani yang menjadi tunjang kemekaran insan. Data dikumpul secara kualitatif dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis tema. Sebanyak 4 tema terjana daripada data yang dianalisis iaitu kesedaran moral, emosi moral, sikap rasional dan empati moral. Tema-tema yang terjana memberi impliksi terhadap perkembangan hati nurani yang menjadi paksi kemekaran insan murid sekolah menengah.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nadarajan Thambu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Holistic 360° Teaching Evaluation Toward a Teaching Effectiveness Index (TEX)
This article reported teaching evaluations from three viewpoints: students, teaching colleagues, and self-evaluations. The data was gathered from Malaysia's largest public institution, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), including contributions from diploma, foundation, undergraduate, and postgraduate students, together with their lecturers, during two consecutive semesters (20232 and 20234). We employed statistical analysis software to scrutinise the dataset for a comprehensive descriptive analysis of demographic information and three separate teaching evaluation scores across colleges, faculties, academic centres, and branch campuses. The Teaching Effectiveness Index (TEX) analysis demonstrated a slight enhancement in the 20234 semester relative to the 20232 semester. This dataset offers critical insights for higher education institutions, both public and private, aiming to develop, improve, and execute comprehensive 360° teaching evaluation systems through a wider comparison of teaching evaluation effectiveness across various faculties and campuses nationwide.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Idzwan Mohd Salleh, Suriyani Ariffin, Zainuddin Ibrahim, Ahmad Razi Ramli, Sharifah Aliman http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Program dinamik pendidikan tinggi: Micro-Credential, hala tuju pendidikan negara
Artikel ini membincangkan potensi program micro-credential dalam membentuk satu kerangka baharu pendidikan tinggi yang lebih fleksibel, responsif, dan dinamik. Dalam landskap persaingan yang semakin mencabar, universiti-universiti di Malaysia perlu meneroka pendekatan inovatif yang boleh menyesuaikan diri dengan keperluan industri serta kecenderungan pelajar. Micro-credential yang dikawal selia oleh MQA melalui Quality Verification Centre (QVC) memberikan peluang kepada pelajar untuk membentuk laluan pembelajaran tersendiri melalui penggabungan kursus-kursus bersifat modular dan boleh dikumpulkan (stackable). Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen untuk meneliti amalan terbaik dari negara maju, potensi pelaksanaan di Malaysia serta cabaran yang perlu diatasi bagi memastikan kejayaan inisiatif ini.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zainuddin Ibrahim, Ahmad Razi Ramli, Mohd Idzwan Mohd Salleh, Suriyani Arifin, Sharifah Aliman http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Program doktor amalan profesional: Pendekatan sesuai untuk golongan profesional bekerja
Program Doktor Amalan Profesional (DPP) merupakan suatu pendekatan alternatif dalam pendidikan tinggi yang membolehkan golongan profesional meneruskan pengajian di peringkat kedoktoran tanpa perlu meninggalkan kerjaya mereka. Program ini menggabungkan pembelajaran berasaskan amalan dengan fleksibiliti pembelajaran dalam talian melalui Open and Distance Learning (ODL), dan dibangunkan berdasarkan keperluan industri serta garis panduan Agensi Kelayakan Malaysia (MQA). Teras program ini ialah projek industri berstruktur yang dikenali sebagai Capstone Project, yang menyatukan unsur penyelidikan, refleksi profesional dan impak industri. Kertas ini menghuraikan kepentingan program ini dalam konteks Malaysia, struktur pelaksanaannya, pematuhannya terhadap standard kualiti kebangsaan serta sumbangannya kepada pembangunan modal insan dan inovasi sektor industri.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohamed Sukri Mat Ali, Rohaida Basiruddin, Noor Hazarina Hashim, Norah Md Noor, Norazrena Abu Samah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Pembinaan garis panduan penyoalan dalam drama berasaskan Teori Anderson
Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada Pembinaan Garis Panduan Penyoalan Dalam Drama Berasaskan Kepada Teori Anderson. Kajian ini dibina kerana terdapat beberapa masalah dalam kalangan guru Kesusasteraan Melayu dalam membina soalan-soalan berlainan aras kepada murid-murid. Kajian ini mempunyai dua objektif, pertama, menganalisis keperluan pembinaan garis panduan penyoalan dalam drama. Kedua, mereka bentuk dan membangunkan garis panduan penyoalan dalam drama menggunakan teori Anderson. Selain itu, metodologi kajian ini menggunakan model ADDIE sebagai panduan dalam merangka proses pembinaan penyoalan, namun begitu dalam kajian ini pengkaji hanya menggunakan proses ADDIE ini sehingga fasa pembangunan sahaja. Manakala, teori kognitif yang digunakan adalah teori Lorin Anderson dan Krathwohl (2001). Sampel yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah persampelan bertujuan, manakala bilangan sampel kajian yang akan digunakan adalah sebanyak 3 orang guru Kesusasteraan Melayu untuk menjawab soalan temu bual. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat keperluan dalam membangunkan garis panduan ini iaitu keperluan penyoalan untuk menilai kefahaman murid, merangsang minat murid dan juga mlelancarkan PdP guru. Oleh itu, pengkaji telah mereka bentuk dan membangunkan garis panduan ini mengikut beberapa proses yang telah dikenalpasti dan telah dijelaskan secara terperinci dalam Bab 4 dan Bab 5 dalam kajian ini. Garis panduan ini dijangka dapat memudahkan proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran guru dalam kelas serta garis panduan ini juga mampu membantu guru-guru Kesusasteraan Melayu khususnya kepada guru-guru yang baharu.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nor Asyfaa Mansor, Hasrina Baharum http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Bedtime Procrastination, Rumination, and Sleep Quality Among Physically Inactive Undergraduate Students
This study investigated the relationships between bedtime procrastination, rumination, and sleep quality among physically inactive students. Using a cross-sectional online survey design, a total of 135 physically inactive undergraduate students participated in the study. The participants were recruited through purposive sampling. It was hypothesized that both bedtime procrastination and rumination were associated with sleep quality. The study used the Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess bedtime procrastination, ruminative thought, and sleep quality, respectively. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation coefficient. The results found a significant positive correlation between bedtime procrastination and sleep quality, r(135) = .758, p < .001. Similarly, a significant positive correlation was found between rumination and sleep quality, r(135) = .614, p < .001. In conclusion, the findings highlight that physically inactive students with greater levels of bedtime procrastination and rumination exhibited poorer sleep quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Syahirah Zakaria, Fatanah Ramlee, Vanida Tian http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Mental Health and Gender Comparison in Compulsive and Non-Compulsive Internet Pornography Use among University Students in Malaysia
This research aimed to compare mental health status and gender differences between compulsive and non-compulsive internet pornography users, as well as to examine gender disparities in internet pornography consumption among Malaysian university students. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey design, data were collected via an online questionnaire, which included demographic information, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, and the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale-18. A total of 102 participants (25 males, 77 females) were recruited through snowball sampling, with 12% showing compulsive pornography consumption. Results indicated no significant differences in depression, anxiety, or stress levels between compulsive and non-compulsive users. However, a notable difference in internet pornography use was observed between male and female participants (p < 0.05). In conclusion, while gender differences were evident in pornography use, there were no significant gender-based differences in mental health status, nor were there mental health disparities between compulsive and non-compulsive users among university students in Malaysia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wan Nurliyana Wan Azharan, Nor Firdous Mohamed http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship between Regulatory Focus and Creativity among Undergraduate Students at UPSI
This study focused on examining the correlation between regulatory focus and creativity among undergraduate students at UPSI, Malaysia. Using a convenience sampling, the study utilized an online-based survey administered through Google Forms. A total of 153 undergraduate students, aged between 18 to 29 years participated. Participants were required to complete a set of questionnaires that encompassed demographic information, an assessment of regulatory focus using Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ), and an evaluation of creativity using Person-Environment Fit Scale for Creativity (PEFSC). Results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the promotion focus and creativity, r (153) = .803, p < .001 whereas a significant negative correlation between the prevention focus and creativity, r (153) = -.711, p < .001. Additionally, the study identified a significant joint relationship between promotion and prevention focus on creativity, R² = .685, F(2, 150) = 163.271, p < .001. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of recognizing and accommodating students' regulatory orientations to enhance their overall academic success. However, further research is needed to explore other variables that may mediate the correlation between regulatory focus and creativity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ng Hui Gek , Aroyewun Temitope Folashade http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Music Influence on Cognitive Function among University Student: An Experimental Study Through a Randomized Controlled Trial
Engaging with music while studying can influence academic performance among students. Several studies have shown a negative effect of non-classical genres on short-term memory performance yet still limited to classical background music, especially in the context of Malaysian culture. Therefore, a present study investigated the impact of classical background music on short-term memory performance among undergraduate female participants (N=48) from Sultan Idris Education University (UPSI). The study employed a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) design where purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria was used to recruit the participants, which then randomly assigned into four groups: Solo piano, Orchestral, Operatic, and No music through single-blind method. The short-term memory task consisted of 20 trials of 5-letter nonsense syllables displayed for three seconds, with an 8-second gap between each trial and the scoring ranged from zero to 20. Classical music from the romantic period was selected, featuring five different short pieces looped in each condition. The results of one-way ANOVA and Tukey (HSD) post hoc analysis showed significant mean differences among the groups (F(3, 44) = 15.95, p < .001) with the Operatic group exhibiting the lowest accuracy in short-term memory compared to the other groups (Mdiff = 5.33, p < .001, Mdiff = 3.16, p = .002, Mdiff = –4.08, p < .001, α = .05, SE = .57). Future researchers should address the following improvements: larger and diverse sample size to avoid bias assumptions, suitable experimental design for task variety and cultural acceptance of background music, and alternative psychology analysis methods.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Ijmal Zaharin, Md Azman Shahadan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Job Satisfaction, Organizational Justice, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Malaysian Employees
The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between job satisfaction, organizational justice, and organizational citizenship behavior among Malaysian employees. A total of 100 Malaysian employees, mainly females, Malays and aged between 25 - 39 years old completed the online survey which consisted of the Job Satisfaction Survey, Colquitt’s Organizational Justice Scale, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior- Checklist. The correlation between job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior showed a slightly moderate, positive correlation, meanwhile correlation between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior showed a moderate significant positive correlation. These findings indicated that any initiatives targeted at promoting employees' organizational citizenship behavior within the organization, employers should focus on enhancing employees' job satisfaction and organizational justice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Zhafran Mohd Anuarul Azhar, Hazalizah Hamzah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The mediating role of Neuroticism Personality on Correlates between Self Efficacy and Adjustment among University Students
This research study the relationship between self-efficacy, neuroticism personality and adjustment among first-year students in UPSI. This study aims to examine a) the level of self-efficacy among first-year students in UPSI, b) the relationship between self-efficacy and adjustment, c) the relationship between neuroticism personality and adjustment, and to d) determine if neuroticism personality is a mediating variable on the relationship between self-efficacy and adjustment. This study used quantitative method, cross-sectional survey towards a total of 130 first-year students from diploma and bachelor’s degree through online platforms (students’ email, Telegram and WhatsApp) and paper and pencil. The correlation result showed that there was a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and adjustment. However, there was a significant negative relationship between neuroticism personality and adjustment. Regression analysis showed that there was a significant partial mediation by neuroticism personality towards self-efficacy and adjustment to university. Hence, these findings may contribute as basics to the researchers and university management in Malaysian contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Intan Fatehah Mohd Badri, Salami Mutiu Olagoke http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Gender and Deviant Behaviour Among Undergraduates in Malaysia
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are recognised as an important risk factor for the development of long-term behavioural consequences, including deviant behaviour. Although current evidence is beginning to address the function of ACEs in criminogenic behaviours in adolescents, the relationship between early ACE exposure and deviant behaviour in young adults has been studied to a limited extent. This study aims to measure the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, gender and deviant behaviour among students in Malaysia. The study uses a quantitative cross-sectional survey design in which a total of 207 participants who had previously experienced adverse childhood experiences completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-Q) and the Deviant Behaviour Variety Scale (DBVS). The results showed that ACEs were significantly correlated with deviant behaviour and that mental illness in the home was the most significant predictor of deviant behaviour, along with other ACEs. In addition, women scored higher on deviant behaviour than men. The results suggest that the prevention of ACEs could help reduce deviant behaviour in young adulthood.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ashwini Michelle Antoni, Asma Perveen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Childhood Maltreatment and Self-Esteem Among Youth
This present study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and its effect on self-esteem among youth. This study was conducted as cross-sectional survey design by using online survey via Google form. Total number of (n =156) participants from youth age 18 to 30 with 47.4% male respondents and 52.6% female respondents who are willingly to participate in the study. Instruments Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Rosenberg Self -Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to collect data. Results indicated that emotional neglect has the highest number of childhood maltreatment experience by youth but emotional abuse has the most severe case. The childhood maltreatment showed a significant negative correlation with self-esteem. Among the respondents, the increase in the level of childhood maltreatment were correlated with the decrease of self-esteem. Through this study, the implications of screening children condition and environment in early age with extensive intervention are important to prevent such adverse complications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Nabilah Abdul Razak , Asma Perveen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship between Burnout and Perceived Job Performance among Private-sector Employees in Malaysia
This study examined the relationship between burnout and perceived job performance among private-sector employees in Malaysia. Data was collected through an online survey, 149 respondents were (100 females, 49 males) conveniently sampled. The study utilized two instruments, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaires (IWPQ). Three objectives were aimed for this study, (1) to determine the levels of burnout among private-sector employees (2) to determine the levels of perceived job performance among private-sector employees and (3) to identify the relationship between burnout and perceived job performance among private-sector employees. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted, including Pearson's correlation, to evaluate the data and explore the relationships between key variables. The results revealed that the majority of respondents exhibited low levels of burnout (n = 60) and a low level of perceived job performance (n = 96). Additionally, a significant negative correlation was found between burnout and perceived job performance (r = -.609, p < .001). The findings of this study are critical to enhancing organizational performance as minimizing burnout may improve employees’ productivity and performance, resulting in higher quality work, better client service, and overall corporate success. Organizations might use this data to establish targeted strategies and programs designed to alleviate burnout, such as stress management workshops and counseling services. The study also adds valuable empirical data to the existing body of research on burnout and job performance. It addresses existing gaps in the literature, especially regarding the Malaysian context, and provides a basis for future research exploring similar themes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nor Aishah Yahya, Nurul Ain Hidayah Abas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Correlates of Instagram Usage and Body Dissatisfaction among Undergraduate Students
According to prior studies, massive Instagram usage can lead to body dissatisfaction, an alarming issue that has to be addressed. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between Instagram usage and body dissatisfaction among Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) undergraduate students. This research employed a quantitative design. Data collection involved an online survey with 151 participants (n=36 males and 115 females), all of whom were undergraduate students. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results of Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between Instagram usage and body dissatisfaction (r = .314, p < .05), which aligns with the findings in previous studies. The findings revealed that higher level of Instagram usage could lead to higher level of body dissatisfaction. This study encourages participants to track their Instagram usage and enhance their social media literacy skills by critically evaluating Instagram content.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aina Amirah Aminurhan, Nurul Ain Hidayah Abas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The relationship between parenting styles and internet gaming disorders among secondary school children from the East Coast District in Malaysia
This research aimed to explore the link between parenting styles and gaming disorders among secondary school students in Kelantan, Malaysia. A quantitative correlational survey design was employed, utilizing online survey questionnaires for data collection. The instruments utilized were the Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and the Parenting Style Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). A total of 209 respondents from a secondary school participated in the study. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between authoritarian parenting style and gaming disorders among secondary school students. This study serves as a pilot investigation to identify factors associated with gaming disorders, particularly among adolescents. In conclusion, the findings suggest valuable insights for future interventions addressing parenting and internet gaming disorders. Further exploration of the relationship between parenting styles and gaming disorders is recommended for a deeper understanding of this phenomenon.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Khairunisha Roshayat, Nor Firdous Mohamed, Nur Amani Ahmad Tajuddin, Bahbibi Rahmatullah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Exploration Novelty Seeking Factors Associated with Online Gaming Addiction among Adolescents in Malaysia
Online gaming has become a common activity among adolescents in Malaysia. Hence, this study explored the novelty-seeking factors associated with online gaming addiction among adolescents in Malaysia. This study involved qualitative research in which 12 adolescents that were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews using several semi-structured questions after adolescents underwent a screening process using the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS-8) and Internet Gaming Disorder (IGDSF-9). The interview transcript was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The novelty-seeking factors that influence adolescents to become addicted to play online games have indicated three themes with eleven sub-themes, which are (a) experience-seeking factors, including enjoyable features, peer influence, skill development, making new friends, stress relief, role models, and generating side income, (b) thrill and adventurous seeking factors, including reward systems and challenging game features, and (c) boredom factors, including boredom and fulfilling leisure time. This research study can be a guideline to identify the factors that can influence adolescents to play Internet games and provide insight for early treatment that can be taken to prevent adolescents from becoming seriously addicted to games. Besides, this study also provides a depth understanding from the informant's perspective about the three significant novelty-seeking factors that may be associated with their gaming behavior.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Nor Safrina Muhamad Nor Bakri, Nor Firdous Mohamed http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Embedding Sustainability in Landscape Architecture Education: Assessing the Needs of the Malaysian Industry
This study assesses the need to embed sustainability elements into landscape architecture education in Malaysia, harmonising with industry demands and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite its relatively recent establishment in Malaysia, landscape architecture is experiencing significant growth, necessitating the integration of sustainable development principles into its educational framework. Using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to gather insights from seven landscape industry experts, the study identifies a strong consensus on the relevance of sustainability in landscape architecture. The findings indicate a unanimous agreement on the need for graduates to possess sustainability skills, emphasising the integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) introduced by UNESCO. Although the present understanding of ESD among industry personnel is relatively excellent, there is room for development, mainly through greater collaboration between academia and industry. Therefore, this study proposes the revision and enhancement of existing curricula to integrate sustainable aspects relevant to the Malaysian context. The essential need for a comprehensive educational framework is stressed, ensuring that landscape architecture graduates are well-prepared to meet industry expectations and contribute to the SDGs.
Education for sustainable development (ESD)
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Hidayah Mohd Ali, Ridzwan Che' Rus, Azlin Iryani Mohd Noor http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analisis kebolehgunaan sistem pengurusan persidangan, IPACSYS: Aplikasi NGT diubahsuai dengan Instrumen Soal Selidik SUS
Kolokium Antarabangsa Pascasiswazah (IPAC), dianjurkan secara tahunan oleh Persatuan Pengajian Siswazah (PPS) dan Institut Pengajian Siswazah (IPS), Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. Untuk kolokium pada tahun ini iaitu IPAC 2024, sistem pengurusan persidangan Ipacsys telah diperkenalkan untuk memastikan pelbagai aspek pengurusan kolokium seperti pendaftaran, penghantaran abstrak, pemprosesan pembayaran, pengurusan templat artikel, pelantikan panel, dan maklum balas panel semakan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk 1) Mengenalpasti kebolehgunaan sistem pengurusan persidangan Ipacsys dan 2) Mencadangkan penambahbaikan sistem pengurusan persidangan Ipacsys. Kajian ini melibatkan dua belas orang panel terdiri dari pengguna dan pentadbir sistem. Metodologi kajian adalah dengan mengintegrasikan soal selidik Skala Kebolehgunaan Sistem (SUS) di dalam Teknik Kumpulan Nominal yang diubahsuai (m-NGT) untuk memberikan analisis menyeluruh tentang kebolehgunaan dan penambahbaikan sistem Ipacsys. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penilaian kebolehgunaan sistem IPAC adalah pada tahap yang boleh diterima penggunaannya kerana skor SUS yang tinggi iaitu sebanyak 85%. Respon dari panel juga menunjukkan bahawa perlunya penambahbaikan dari beberapa aspek seperti menambahbaik fungsi pada analisis statistik pengguna dan maklumat lain, penghantaran abstrak, artikel dan slaid pembentangan yang boleh dikemaskini, rubrik penskoran untuk panel penilai artikel dan fungsi pilihan makanan untuk peserta. Hasil kajian secara tidak langsung memberi pendedahan tentang aplikasi kaedah NGT yang diubahsuai yang diintegrasikan dengan instrumen SUS untuk mendapatkan maklumat tentang kebolehgunaan sesuatu sistem atau perisian.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Lutfi Mohd Raffi, Mohd Azlan Mohammad Hussain, Zulezwan Ab Malik, Zuhaili Mohd Arshad, Nadzimah Idris, Norhanida Samsudin, Indirani Munusamy, Abg Mohd Shukri Abg Muis, Nurul Jannah Kamaruddin, Suganti Jeyaram, Nor Roselidyawaty Mohd Rokeman, Ahmad Farouk Ahmad Ridzuan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Kepentingan kemahiran sosial kanak-kanak prasekolah melalui permainan kreatif
Kemahiran sosial merupakan elemen penting dalam perkembangan kanak-kanak prasekolah, memainkan peranan kritikal dalam membentuk keupayaan mereka untuk berinteraksi, bekerjasama, dan memahami perasaan orang lain. Penyelidikan ini menumpukan kepada kepentingan permainan kreatif sebagai medium untuk mengembangkan kemahiran sosial dalam kalangan kanak-kanak prasekolah. Permainan kreatif memberikan peluang kepada kanak-kanak untuk mengekspresikan diri, mengatasi konflik, dan membina hubungan interpersonal yang sihat. Kajian ini akan membincangkan teori-teori perkembangan sosial kanak-kanak dan bagaimana permainan kreatif dapat diintegrasikan dalam kurikulum prasekolah untuk meningkatkan kemahiran sosial. Melalui analisis literatur dan kajian kes, kertas konsep ini akan menonjolkan bukti-bukti empirikal yang menyokong keberkesanan permainan kreatif dalam memupuk kemahiran komunikasi, kerjasama, dan empati. Implikasi kajian ini adalah untuk memberi cadangan kepada pendidik prasekolah dan pembuat dasar tentang strategi terbaik dalam mengaplikasikan permainan kreatif sebagai alat pembangunan sosial yang berkesan.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zailatul Nazirah Zakaria, Zaharah Osman, Anis Norma Mohamad, Norhashimah Abdul Rani, Noradibah Jusoh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Developing an effective mental health guidance module for primary schools: A survey study on needs and preferences
There is an increasing recognition of mental health concerns in educational institutions, particularly in primary schools. The objective of this study was to obtain initial understanding of the fundamental components required for the creation of a mental health guidance module that can improve the efficacy of mental health awareness education in elementary schools. A comprehensive survey was administered to GBKSM, Senior Assistants, Education Counsellors, and Head Teachers at the State Education Department in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya to gather the required data. The survey covered participants' comprehension, proficiency, and beliefs on the management of mental health disorders and the approaches used in delivering mental health education. Significant findings indicate a necessity to prioritise emotion regulation at 90 percent, stress management at 85 percent, comprehension of mental health at 80 percent, and resilience development at 75 percent. Furthermore, social skills were identified as important at 70 percent, bullying prevention at 65 percent, and family dynamics at 60 percent. A notable 95 percent of participants favoured digital interactive tools for the dissemination of mental health education. The research underscores the necessity of creating interactive and digital resources to improve student engagement while providing ongoing professional development for educators. These findings establish a framework for developing a comprehensive mental health module that caters to the needs of students and the roles of educators in promoting a supportive environment. Future research should examine the efficacy of these modules across diverse educational contexts, assess their long-term impact on children's mental health, and ascertain whether educators need supplementary support for effective implementation.
guidance and counselling teacher (GBKSM)
Copyright (c) 2025 Noraini Zain, Samsiah Jais, Zarina Sana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Membangunkan kemahiran kewangan asas melalui aktiviti permainan digital
Kemahiran literasi kewangan semakin penting dalam perkembangan kanak-kanak, terutamanya pada era digital. Namun, terdapat kekurangan alat pengajaran yang menarik untuk memperkenalkan literasi kewangan kepada kanak-kanak Tabika KEMAS. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kemahiran asas kewangan yang perlu dipelajari oleh kanak-kanak di peringkat Tabika melalui aktiviti permainan digital. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dalam fasa analisis keperluan dengan melibatkan 156 orang Pendidik Tabika Kemas sebagai responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui soal selidik yang direka khas dan diedarkan menggunakan "Google Form" dengan skala Likert. Analisis data menggunakan kekerapan dan peratus menunjukkan bahawa kepekaan terhadap isu kewangan dan kemahiran mengurus kewangan mendapat peratus tertinggi, manakala kemahiran berfikir kritis mencatatkan skor terendah. Kajian ini juga menyoroti kekurangan sumber pengajaran yang sesuai, terutamanya permainan digital yang relevan. Penemuan ini menyediakan panduan berguna untuk merancang kemahiran literasi kewangan di kalangan kanak-kanak Tabika KEMAS. Penggunaan permainan digital dalam pendidikan awal diharapkan dapat membantu kanak-kanak memahami konsep kewangan dan membentuk sikap positif terhadap tanggungjawab kewangan di masa depan. Pendekatan ini adalah langkah inovatif untuk memperkasakan generasi muda dengan kemahiran kewangan yang penting.
Copyright (c) 2025 Norhashimah Abdul Rani, Azizah Zain, Zailatul Nazirah Zakaria, Noor Halizawati Abd Ghani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Pengurusan Pembinaan Insan dalam teks Naratif Ogonshoto
Perancangan dalam pengurusan pembinaan insan merupakan suatu proses strategik yang melibatkan pemikiran analitikal dan pertimbangan intelektual, bertujuan mengarah ke arah pencapaian matlamat pembangunan sahsiah dan jati diri secara tersusun dan berkesan. Perancangan penting dalam organisasi kerana memberi hala tuju dan membolehkan pengukuran prestasi. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti prinsip pengurusan dan menganalisis langkah pengurusan dalam novel Naratif Ogonshoto. Pembinaan insan memerlukan perancangan nilai, pelaksanaan pendidikan, kepimpinan berintegriti, serta pemerkasaan minda dan jati diri. Langkah ini disokong oleh pemantauan berterusan untuk memastikan perubahan yang holistik. Elemen ini turut tercermin dalam Naratif Ogonshoto melalui simbol perjuangan dan kesedaran sosial. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Reka bentuk kajian ialah kajian teks yang mengumpulkan data daripada perpustakaan dan kandungan yang berkaitan tajuk Pengurusan Pembinaan Insan Dalam Teks Naratif Ogonshoto. Kajian mendapati bahawa Naratif Ogonshoto mengandungi prinsip pengurusan seperti penetapan masalah, pelaksanaan strategi, dan penilaian kesan tindakan. Prinsip ini diterapkan melalui konflik, tindakan watak, serta perubahan sosial yang berlaku, sekali gus menjadikan karya ini sarat dengan nilai pengurusan dan pembinaan insan. Prinsip-prinsip ini digunakan untuk menyampaikan mesej berkaitan pembinaan insan, yang mengungkapkan bahawa karya kesusasteraan dapat dijadikan medium kritikan menggunakan pendekatan pengurusan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa karya sastera seperti Novel Naratif Ogonshoto mampu mengangkat prinsip pengurusan dan pembinaan insan. Implikasi kajian membuka ruang kepada pendekatan interdisiplin antara sastera dan ilmu pengurusan.
Copyright (c) 2025 Meor Mohd Faizul Abd Karim, Azhar Wahid http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0