KSSM华文课本之中国古诗词选编探析

Analysis of the Selection and Arrangement of Ancient Chinese Poetry in the KSSM Chinese Textbook

Abstract

马来西亚国民中学现行华文课本是《华文》（KSSM），依据《中学华文课程与评价标准》（KSSM，Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah）编纂而成。与2000年出版的《华文》（KBSM）相比，新版课本对中国古代文学选文有所调整，其中古诗词的变化最为显著。为此，本文以《华文》（KSSM）六册课本[1]为研究对象，

[1] 与其他年级课本不同，《预备班华文》（KSKP）对应的课程标准为《预备班标准课程——华文课程与评价标准》（Kurikulum Standard Kelas Peralihan，简称 KSKP），严格来说并不属于《中学华文课程与评价标准》（KSSM）的范畴。但考虑到预备班是从小学到中学一年级的过渡阶段，且对学生学习古诗词的要求大致与《中学华文课程与评价标准》（KSSM）相同，其选文直接影响后续中一至中五的学习衔接，将其纳入样本可填补学段衔接处的研究空白、保障研究范围的完整性，故本文仍将其纳入考察范围。

从选文分类、数量、朝代、作者、题材、体裁六个维度，系统梳理并分析课本中的古诗词选文情况。同时，结合课本整体结构、单元设计及单篇古诗词编排逻辑，全面总结其古诗词选文的编写特点。此外，结合《中学华文课程与评价标准（KSSM）》（此后简称“课标”）对文学教育、文化素养的要求，探析选编背后的教育取向与文化传承逻辑，以期为马来西亚华文课本的编写优化和古诗词教学实践提供参考。

The current Chinese textbook in Malaysian national secondary schools is Chinese Language (KSSM), which is compiled based on the Secondary School Chinese Curriculum and Evaluation Standards (KSSM, Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah). Compared with the Chinese Language (KBSM) published in 2000, the new edition introduces significant changes in the selection of ancient Chinese literary texts, among which the changes in ancient poetry are the most significant. For this reason, this paper takes the six volumes of the Chinese Language(KSSM) textbooks as the research object, and systematically sorts out and analyzes the selection of ancient poetry in the textbooks from six dimensions: classification of selected texts, quantity, dynasty, author, subject matter, and genre. At the same time, in combination with the overall structure of the textbook, the unit design and the arrangement logic of individual ancient poems, comprehensively summarize the writing characteristics of the selected ancient poems, and then explore the educational orientation and cultural inheritance logic behind the selection and compilation. In addition, this article combines the requirements for literary education and cultural literacy in the Secondary School Chinese Curriculum and Evaluation Standards (KSSM), with the aim of providing targeted references for the optimization of Chinese textbooks and the teaching practice of ancient poetry in Malaysia.