ERUDITE: Journal of Chinese Studies and Education
The ERUDITE: Journal of Chinese Studies and Education [eISSN 2716-5493] is a peer reviewed Journal. The journal is dedicated to publishing research on new and creative ideas, and disseminating research findings that make original and significant contributions to Chinese Studies and Education field. The journal is published twice a year (April & October Start 2024) and comes out as an electronic form. 《依大中文與教育學刊》為蘇丹依德理斯教育大學發行的同行匿名評審學術期刊，專門刊載馬來西亞及亞洲地區有關中文及教育研究的學術論文。本學刊每年以電子期刊的形式出版兩期，提供免費閱讀及下載。凡具有原創性、未曾刊載於其他刊物的論文及書評，均歡迎投稿。 ERUDITE supports Open Access. The electronic full text version of the journal is available Free of Charge (FOC).
清初戏曲家李渔“结构论”为中国戏曲发展史的重要理论，本文从他具有文章结构概念的话本小说《十二楼》谈起，探讨李渔在《闲情偶寄》提出“结构第一”理论前，如何以“楼”的结构之技贯穿结构之道，架起故事人物活动空间与主题寓意。下文以《十二楼》的文本阅读分析为研究方法，辅以李渔《闲情偶寄》的词曲结构理论及他擅长的园林艺术融入讨论，探究小说叙事的显层技巧性结构及其深层的哲理性结构。李渔谓营建房子与读书作文当以标新创异为尚，由此可见他为才子佳人的陈旧题材注入新颖的叙事策略。“楼”作为叙事作品的核心结构新奇有趣，在当下读者“喜读闲书，畏听庄论”的氛围下，可先把读者吸引进故事，再达致规正风俗的劝谏作用。学者讨论李渔作品结构论多从《闲情偶寄》出发，本文从其《十二楼》谈起，窥探李渔作文立言的态度。 Li Yu, a playwright in the early Qing Dynasty, proposed the significant “structural theory” for the development of Chinese drama. This paper begins by discussing the concept of structural organization in his vernacular novel Twelve Towers, exploring how Li Yu, prior to putting forth the “structure comes first” theory, used the construction of “towers” as a narrative framework in the novel, to establish the spatial and thematic significance for the characters and activities within the story. Applying literature analysis of Twelve Towers as the research method, and supplementing it with Li Yu’s structural theory from Random Thoughts and Essays and his expertise in incorporating garden art, the paper delves into the conceptualization and construction process of the “tower” in Li Yu's novels. Li Yu emphasized the novelty of building a narrative like constructing a house, diverging from conventional themes of talent and honour. His narrative strategy not only captivates readers by leveraging the allure of idle literature but also subtly critiques societal norms, aligning with the prevailing taste for light-hearted reading over solemn arguments. While scholarly discussions often centre on Li Yu's later work Random Thoughts and Essays, this paper uniquely starts with Twelve Floors to illuminate Li Yu's evolving compositional philosophy and narrative techniques. Keywords: Li Yu, Twelve Tower, Random Thoughts and Essays, structural analysis
Copyright (c) 2024 Ooi Sing Ee http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
中美新闻报道中关于新冠疫情事件的比较研究
新冠肺炎疫情自2020年初爆发后，社会上产生了许多虚假的不良信息，公众内心本就焦虑、烦躁的情绪被放大。在这种情况下，发源于欧美新闻业界的建设性新闻成为当下一些媒介或学者的关注焦点，它旨在以启迪人心的新闻报道来唤醒社会公众的行动意愿，进而促进社会的稳定与发展，但是建设性新闻的具体实践在不同的社会环境下会呈现出不同的特征。本文通过《人民日报》与《纽约时报》的建设性报道框架特征的比较分析，目的是探讨不同性质媒体在报道中的框架和叙事方式，而非简单地评判优劣，从而来看《人民日报》报道中的优势以及不足，提出自己的看法和一些改善措施，为中国新闻本土化实践的现实取向提供些许的思考和借鉴。 Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 in early 2020, there have been many false negative information in the society, and the public's anxiety and irritability have been amplified. In this situation, constructive news originating from the European and American news industry has become the focus of attention for some media or scholars. It aims to awaken the public's willingness to take action through inspiring news reports, thereby promoting social stability and development. However, the specific practice of constructive news will present different characteristics in different social environments. This article compares and analyzes the constructive reporting framework characteristics of People's Daily and New York Times, with the aim of exploring the frameworks and narrative methods of different types of media in reporting, rather than simply evaluating the advantages and disadvantages, in order to see the advantages and disadvantages of People's Daily's reporting, propose my own opinions and some improvement measures, and provide some thinking and reference for the practical orientation of China's news localization practice. Keywords: COVID-19; Constructive news; People's Daily; The New York Times
Copyright (c) 2024 He Xiaoxia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
凌濛初所著之《初刻拍案惊奇》与《二刻拍案惊奇》（以下统称为二拍），其中涉商类篇目所占之篇幅多达31篇，即占总篇数三分之一。涉商类篇目，乃指经由前人的研究成果概括《二拍》中但凡涉及商业活动，刻画商人行为和展现商人思想，以及呈现商业文化现象的相关篇章，皆称为“涉商篇”。《二拍》涉商篇内刻画诸多行善与作恶的故事，随着情节的发展揭示“命”可分作天意操纵及人为使然。文中角色的“命”大多受到个体自身的品德操行影响导致后续的结果，有者其身不正自招灾劫，仁者则诸事顺遂、安享福禄。“仁”、“命”的相连关系并非脱离现实的言论。仁、命之道德关系，仁对命所产生的影响，士商文化对仁、命道德观念的影响，以及士商阶层对仁、命的斟酌与取舍乃本论文的研究重点。本论文以《二拍》涉商篇的士商文化与仁、命之社会道德观念进行探讨，从而剖析士商阶层在面临公德与私利，甚至对眼前或未来的盘算之间，对于仁、命所作出的权衡与抉择。此外，小说中呈现的“命”，可划分为天意支配及人为所致的“命”，透过情节的描绘探析不可违抗的“命”，在受到人为影响后的转变亦是本论文主要论析的部分. Author Ling Mengchu wrote the Slapping Table in Amazement-First Series and Slapping Table in Amazement-Second Series (The following collectively referred to as Er Pai). The “business-related chapters” have as many as 31 business-related chapters. This kind of theme accounted for 1/3 of the total number of articles of the novel. The business-related articles refer to the “business-related chapters” in which the relevant chapters in Er Pai are summarized based on previous research results, which involve commercial activities, describe merchants’ behavior, and reflect merchants’ thoughts, and show commercial cultural phenomena. The business-related chapters of Er Pai depicts a lot of good and evil stories, with the development of the plot reveals that destiny can be divided into the manipulation of God and man-made. The destiny of the characters in the text is mostly affected by the individual’s own moral conduct, which leads to the subsequent results. Some of them are not in the right shape to save themselves from disaster, benevolent people are in the right shape to enjoy happiness and prosperity. The connection between benevolence and destiny is not divorced from reality. The moral relationship between benevolence and destiny, the influence of benevolence on destiny, the influence of scholars-merchants culture on the moral concepts of benevolence and destiny, and the consideration and choice of scholars-merchants class on benevolence and destiny are the focus of this chapter. This chapter discusses the scholars-merchants culture and the social moral concepts of benevolence and destiny in the business-related chapters of Er Pai, to analyze the balance and choice made by the scholars-merchants class on benevolence and destiny in the face of public morality and private interests, and even the calculation of the present or future. In addition, the destiny presented in the novel can be divided into the domination of God and the destiny caused by human. Through the description of the plot, the inviolable destiny is analyzed, and the transformation after being influenced by human is also the main part of this chapter. Keywords: Er Pai, Chinese Late Ming Novels, Business-Related Chapters, Concepts of Benevolence and Destiny, Scholars-Merchants Culture, Social Morality
Copyright (c) 2024 Low Wei Yee, Ngoi Guat Peng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
国际图画书大奖作品在中国的引介 ——以凯迪克奖和凯特·格林纳威奖为例
儿童图画书在欧美国家已发展了百余年，但真正在中国流行不过二十多年的时间，而且是随着外国图画书在中国的引进，才流传开来。荣获国际图画书大奖的图书，因其可靠的品质一直是中国出版商首选的引入对象。本文以美国凯迪克奖和英国凯特·格林纳威奖获奖作品为例，通过对其引进情况进行分析和对代表作品的文本分析，探讨国际图画书奖获奖作品对中国图画书创作的启发作用。研究表明，获奖图画书的引进对于中国原创图画书的质量提升、推动中国图画书市场国际化与文化交流、促进中国本土图画书奖项的成立方面都有促进作用。 Children's picture books have been developed in Europe and American countries for over a century, but they have only gained popularity in China for a little more than two decades. This popularity has been largely driven by the introduction of foreign picture books to China. Books that have won international picture book awards have consistently been the preferred choice for Chinese publishers due to their reliable quality. This paper takes award-winning works from the American Caldecott Medal and the British Kate Greenaway Medal as examples to explore the inspirational role of the award-winning works of the International Picture Book Awards for the creation of Chinese picture books through the analysis of their introduction and the textual analysis of the representative works. The study shows that the introduction of award-winning picture books has contributed to the quality improvement of Chinese original picture books, the promotion of the internationalization of Chinese picture book market and cultural exchanges, as well as the promotion of the establishment of Chinese local picture book awards. Keywords: Picture book; Picture book Award; Introduction of picture books; Children's reading
Copyright (c) 2024 Bian Liping http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
从《大闹天宫》到《哪吒之魔童降世》 看中国传统文化的影像传播
电影属于艺术性国际语言，其是很多文化符号的载体，可以在民族文化传播过程中发挥重要作用。长期以来，很多中国电影并未有机结合艺术性、商业性以及东方韵味等因素。基于此，本文将从中国动画电影入手，首先分析中国传统文化在中国动画电影中的应用历程，以及当下中国传统文化元素在中国动画电影中应用传播存在的挑战和问题，之后从《大闹天宫》和《哪吒之魔童降世》两部动画电影中分析中国传统文化元素的应用，最后提出推动中国传统文化影响传播的策略，希望利用电影介质和动画形式，进一步提升中国传统文化影响传播的关注度和影响范围。 Movies belong to the artistic international language, which is the carrier of many cultural symbols and can play an important role in the dissemination of national culture. For a long time, many Chinese films have not organically combined artistic, commercial, and Eastern charm factors. Based on this, this article will start with Chinese animated films. Firstly, it will analyze the application process of excellent traditional culture in Chinese animated films and the challenges and problems in the application and dissemination of excellent traditional cultural elements in Chinese animated films. Secondly, it will analyze the application of excellent traditional cultural elements in the two animated films "Da Nao Tian Gong" and "Nezha's Demon Child Comes to Earth". Finally, it will propose strategies to promote the influence and dissemination of Chinese excellent traditional culture, I hope to further enhance the attention and scope of the dissemination of excellent traditional Chinese culture through the use of film media and animation forms. Keywords: image dissemination; Excellent traditional Chinese culture; Animated Movies
Copyright (c) 2024 Chen Zhen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
此人端为救时来—— 论沈家本纪行诗中的忧患意识与家国情怀
沈家本（1840-1913）是近代中国法律文化的奠基人和诗人。他一生创作了六百多首诗，其中二百多首反映了他在游历迁徙过程中的心路历程。沈家本的诗作不仅具有文学艺术的魅力，更具有思想性，深刻反映了那个时代的历史背景和社会风貌。他以诗歌为媒介，表达了对国家未来的期许和呼吁，激发了民众对社会进步和民生改善的渴望。本文旨在通过评述沈家本各时期的纪行诗，通过诗作中青年时期的“忧国情”、中年时期的“报国志”、老年时期的“思国运”三个维度，展现这位立志修律救国的清末士大夫身上浓厚的忧患意识和家国情怀。 Shen Jiaben, a prominent figure in modern Chinese legal culture and a great poet, dedicated his life to the creation of over six hundred poems, with more than two hundred reflecting his emotional journey during his travels and migrations. Shen Jiaben's poetic works possess not only literary charm but also scholarly significance, providing profound insights into the historical backdrop and social landscape of his time. Through the medium of poetry, he expressed his aspirations for the future of the nation and called upon the people, inspiring a desire for social progress and improved livelihoods. This article aims to explore Shen Jiaben's historical journey through his travelogue poems, highlighting the dimensions of his youthful concerns for the country, his middle-aged devotion to the nation, and his contemplation of the nation's fate in his later years. These poems vividly depict the unwavering commitment, selfless dedication, and resolute determination of this scholar-official of the late Qing dynasty, who held a strong sense of concern and patriotism. Keywords：Shen jiaben, travelogue poem, ideological awareness
Copyright (c) 2024 Lu Na, Khor Teik Huat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
“杀戮之病”——张贵兴《野猪渡河》的祛魅与复魅
张贵兴近作《野猪渡河》既蕴含一种从个体到国族乃至种属的祛魅叙事，又包含以怪兽、面具、鸦片三大象征物建构的复魅叙事。而小说于历史叙事之中敷演蔚为大观的杀戮书写，其“杀戮之病”溢出了所述的历史时段，渗透到当下时代。本文以马克斯·韦伯（Max Weber）因论述现代性而产生的“祛魅”概念，以及由此敷演出的“复魅”概念为标杆，讨论《野猪渡河》中的“祛魅”与“复魅”现象。同时也包括在前述两者的平衡下，讨论小说家是如何通过历史叙事中的杀戮书写直陈虚无的时代精神。 Zhang Guixing's recent work “Wild Boars Cross the River” contains not only a disenchantment narrative from individuals to nationalities and even species, but also a re-enchantment narrative constructed from three major symbols: monsters, masks, and opium. The novel performs a spectacular killing writing in the historical narrative, and its “disease of killing” overflows the historical period and penetrates into the current era. This article uses Max Weber's concept of “disenchantment” arising from his discussion of modernity and the resulting concept of “re-enchantment” as a benchmark to discuss the phenomena of “disenchantment” and “re-enchantment” in “The Wild Boars Cross the River”. And discuss how, with the balance between the two mentioned above, the novelist directly expresses the nihilistic spirit of the times through the writing of killings in historical narratives. Keywords: “Wild Boars Cross the River”, disenchantment, re-enchantment, historical narrative, killing writing
Copyright (c) 2024 Fang Shao Qian http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
傅彩云的“放诞美人”色彩与曾朴的“二心争斗” ——基于巴赫金复调理论视域的研究
“放诞美人”傅彩云是曾朴在《孽海花》中塑造的最为复杂的一个艺术典型，学界对其评价褒贬不一，争议产生的原因是《孽海花》具有明显的复调性。曾朴并未以作者的绝对权威居高临下地讲述傅彩云的故事。傅彩云在小说中拥有主体性的地位，她可以发出自己的声音并与作者曾朴的声音形成主体性的“双声”对话关系。这使得《孽海花》中的傅彩云成为一个具有复调色彩的“放诞美人”。“放诞美人”的复调性是曾朴与其所处的历史文化语境“二心争斗”的结果。“新”与“旧”的身份杂糅、“中”与“西”的文化对话，这些内源性的冲突影响了曾朴对傅彩云的重写，使得他笔下的傅彩云形象呈现出众声喧哗的复调性。文本中充斥着的曾朴“自我”与“他者”傅彩云的对话，从本质上来看是曾朴的意识与无意识的双声复调，是他内在主体世界中两个侧面的“二心争斗”。 Fu Caiyun, the “Reckless Beauty”, is the most complex artistic character created by Zeng Pu in Sinful Sea Flowers, which has received mixed reviews from academics. The reason for the controversy is the obvious polyphony of Sinful Sea Flowers. Zeng Pu does not narrate Fu Caiyun's story with the absolute authority of the author, Fu Caiyun has a subjective position in the novel, and she expresses her own voice and forms a double-subject dialogue with the author Zeng Pu's voice. Thus Fu Caiyun becomes a “Reckless beauty” with polyphonic characteristics in Sinful Sea Flowers. The polyphony of “Reckless Beauty” is the result of Zeng Pu's “two minds struggle” with the historical and cultural context in which he lives. The blending of “new” and “old” identities, the cultural dialogue between “Chinese” and “Western” influences are internal conflicts that impacted Zeng Pu's rewriting of Fu Caiyun, rendering her character with a polyphonic nature of multiple voices. The text is filled with dialogues between Zeng Pu's “self”' and the “other” Fu Caiyun. Essentially, this represents a double-voiced polyphony of Zeng Pu's conscious and unconscious minds, embodying the “struggle between two minds” within his internal subjective world. Keywords: Dissolute Beauty, Struggle between Two Minds, Polyphony, Fu Caiyun, Zeng Pu
Copyright (c) 2024 Li Zhiqin, Chin Mooi San http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
论《三国演义》中诸葛亮的政治伦理观
诸葛亮是一位妇孺皆知的历史伟人，他在诸多方面都有着卓越的才能，尤其在政治、军事和外交方面有着重大贡献。诸葛亮的形象在晋朝之后逐渐被神化，尤其在经过小说《三国演义》的渲染之后，诸葛亮更是成为了算无遗策、呼风唤雨的神人，这显然已经与史家笔下的诸葛亮形象相去甚远。所谓政治伦理观指的是政治中的伦理道德观念。诸葛亮虽身处三国乱世之中，却始终都能够持心中正、坚守道义，这也是千百年来诸葛亮得到上至君王下至百姓一致推崇的原因。《三国演义》中的诸葛亮不仅智谋无双，还品格高洁，俨然是一个完美无缺的儒家圣贤。本篇论文就是通过《三国演义》对诸葛亮政治、军事、遗命等方面的描写来分析论证诸葛亮的政治伦理观，试图在前人的研究基础上略作补充。 Zhuge Liang is a well-known great man in history, he has outstanding talent in many aspects, especially in the political, military and diplomatic aspects made great contributions. The image of Zhuge Liang was gradually deified after the Jin Dynasty, especially after the rendering of the novel Romance of The Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang became a man of God who had a perfect plan and could command the wind and rain, which was obviously far from the image of Zhuge Liang under the pen of historians. Political ethics refers to the concept of ethics in politics. Although Zhuge Liang was in the chaos of The Three Kingdoms, he was always able to hold his heart right and adhere to moral principles, which is also the reason why Zhuge Liang has been respected from Kings down to people for thousands of years. Zhuge Liang in the Romance of The Three Kingdoms is not only resourceful, but also noble and virtuous, which seems to be a perfect Confucian sage. This thesis is to analysis and demonstrate Zhuge Liang's political ethics through the description of his politics, military affairs, mandate and other aspects in the Romance of The Three Kingdoms, trying to supplement the previous studies. Keywords: Romance of The Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang, political ethics
Copyright (c) 2024 Ren Jie http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
唐代的体育文化与体育诗创作探究
唐代体育文化以其绚丽多姿的艺术展现其深厚丰富的审美内涵，不仅为唐代诗歌赋予了更为独特的艺术风貌，更极大地拓展了诗歌创作的题材领域。综合运用体育学、文学、历史学等多学科的理论与研究方法，对唐代体育题材诗进行分析和研究，力求全面揭示唐代国力鼎盛、文化繁荣的社会背景下，体育生活的多姿多彩与丰富内涵。唐代形式多样的体育运动，不仅有助于民众强身健体，其所蕴含的多元审美体验更是极大地丰富了诗歌的题材内容，推动了诗歌艺术的创新与发展。唐代体育诗以凝炼的文字展现了唐代精湛的表演艺术与体育文化的融合，堪称记录唐代各类体育运动的重要脚本，为后世提供了再现唐代体育技艺高超水平的宝贵资料。 Tang Dynasty sports culture, with its diverse artistic forms and profound and rich aesthetic connotations, gave Tang Dynasty poems a unique artistic style and greatly expanded the subject areas of poetic creation. By comprehensively applying the theories and research methods of sports, literature, history, and other disciplines, we analyze and study Tang Dynasty poems with sports themes, aiming to comprehensively reveal the colorful and rich connotations of sports life in the context of Tang Dynasty's social background of national strength and cultural prosperity. The various forms of sports helped people to be physically fit and greatly enriched the subject matter of poems with the diverse aesthetic experiences they contained. It also promoted the innovation and development of poetic art. The sports poems show the fusion of the Tang Dynasty's superb performing arts and sports culture with condensed words, which can be called an essential script for recording all kinds of sports in the Tang Dynasty, and provide valuable information for future generations to reproduce the high level of Tang Dynasty's sports skills. Keywords: Sports Poetry, Tang Dynasty sports, sports culture, interdisciplinary research
Copyright (c) 2024 Shen Qi, Fan Pik Wah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
中国传统思想的教育学研究方法之探讨： 以老庄哲学研究为讨论核心
本研究以“老庄教育哲学”为研究主题的论文为讨论核心，试图分析中国传统思想的教育学研究方法，并试着厘清中国传统思想的教育研究之“教育史研究”及“教育哲学研究”的界线为何。研究发现，目前与教育研究主题相关的老庄研究成果，大致有两种类型，其一，为以教育学相关概念为主要脉络及分析视框来进行老庄思想研究，优点在于能凸显教育的价值与特色，但缺点是这样的研究不一定能呈现传统思想的完整性。其二，为以老庄思想为核心，再诠释其教育蕴义的教育哲学研究，优点为能突现思想的完整性，避免诠释上的断章取义，但缺点是许多论文变成以传统思想的义理诠释为主，教育衍释的部分较少且不够有系统性。 整体而言，中国传统思想的教育研究，大多依循中国哲学研究的三阶段来进行，研究方法的运用与说明普遍较少。若该研究本身为“思想本身的诠释”研究，则属“教育哲学”研究，若偏重传统思想在不同时代的思想交涉，或是某思想与当时政治社会脉络的意义探究，则属“教育史”研究范围，因此，现行老庄哲学的教育研究，应可归纳为“教育哲学”研究。 This study takes “Lao Zhuang’s Philosophy of Education” as the core of discussion, and tries to analyze the pedagogical research methodology of traditional Chinese thought, as well as to clarify the boundaries between the “study of history of education” and the “study of philosophy of education” in the study of traditional Chinese thought in education. It is found that there are two types of Lao-Zhuang's research results related to the theme of education research. First, the research on Lao-Zhuang’s thought is conducted with the concepts related to pedagogy as the main vein and analytical framework, which has the advantage of highlighting the value and characteristics of education, but the disadvantage is that this kind of research does not necessarily present the completeness of the traditional thought. The second is to take Lao-Zhuang’s thought as the core and then interpret its educational implications in the study of philosophy of education. The advantage is that it can highlight the completeness of the thought and avoid the interpretation of the meaning out of context, but the disadvantage is that many papers become mainly based on the interpretation of the meaning of the traditional thought, and the part of the educational derivation is relatively small and not systematic enough. On the whole, most of the educational research on traditional Chinese thought follows the three stages of Chinese philosophical research, and the application and explanation of research methodology is generally rare. If the study itself is a study of “the interpretation of thought itself”, then it belongs to the study of “philosophy of education”. If the study emphasizes on the ideological interactions of traditional thought in different times, or the exploration of the meaning of a certain thought in relation to the political and social context of the time, then it belongs to the study of “history of education”, so the study of the education of the current philosophy of Lao and Zhuang can be categorized as a study of “philosophy of education”. Keywords: Methodology, Lao-Zhuang's Philosophy of Education, Pedagogy, Daoism
Copyright (c) 2024 Huang Chien-Lun http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
《考工记》是大陆知名作家王安忆在2018年出版的长篇小说，它营造了一个叫做陈书玉的上海男人及其祖宅的生命史。在这里，中国古典建筑与现代中国人之间相互影响的关系是值得注意的。本文将以“人生的建筑”概括这种关系，指向人与建筑间的息息相通。本文的中心议题是：作为现代人的陈书玉在其生命各个阶段和古典建筑之间的关系具体是怎样的？中国传统的实用理性精神如何影响人与人生建筑的变化？面对死亡之际，实用理性精神的“能”与“不能”又在哪里。在研究方法上，本文选择以存在主义和人文主义地理学辅助论述“人生的建筑”，这两种理论皆强调现代人的情感、感知，而情感、感知，又是现代人的核心深度。 Kao Gong ji is a full-length novel published in 2018 by renowned mainland China author Wang Anyi, which creates a life history of a Shanghai man called Chen Shuyu and his ancestral home. The interplay between classical Chinese architecture and modern Chinese people is noteworthy. This paper will summarize this relationship with the ‘architecture of life’ concept, pointing to the close connection between people and architecture. The central theme of this paper is: what is the relationship between the modorn man Chen Shuyu and classical architecture at various stages of his life? How does the Chinese traditional pragmatic rationality influence the changes ‘architecture of life’ and man’s life? In the face of death, what’s the possibility and impossibility of the pragmatic rationality. In terms of research methodology, this paper chooses existentialism and humanist geography, both of which emphasize the emotions and perceptions of modern people. Keywords: Kao Gong Ji , Humanist Geography, Space, Architecture of Life, Wang Anyi, pragmatic rationality
Copyright (c) 2024 Ke Xinru http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
鲁迅《古小说钩沉》之辑佚方法与其得失 ——以《冥祥记》之辑佚为中心
鲁迅《古小说钩沉》系古小说辑佚之大成。在《冥祥记》的辑佚上，鲁迅对比群书，对故事中不合情理的地方进行纠正。对于注出《冥祥记》的材料，鲁迅审慎地进行甄别，删除他认为的伪作，以达到去伪存真的目的。此外，他不仅着眼于注出《冥祥记》的材料，也辑入注出他书的《冥祥记》材料。最后，鲁迅连缀散落在各书中的古小说文本，形成更为详尽完整的故事，体现了鲁迅求全责备的辑佚倾向。由此可见，鲁迅的辑佚并不满足于简单的排比罗列，而是基于各种学术判断，对文本进行了殚精竭虑的校订、辑录乃至重组。鲁迅的作法大部分都有可以逆推的坚实依据，但也不无可议之处：一、不加说明地删汰一系列本注出《冥祥记》的文本，然而，有的文本不能完全排除其出于《冥祥记》的可能；二、在连缀撮合间，制造了“鲁迅版本”的古小说文本，与古小说的旧观或存有差距。此类后人在文献整理中干预前代文学文本，以至于可能误导了现今学界研究的现象，值得关注与警惕。 Lu Xun’s（鲁迅） “Gu Xiao Shuo Gou Chen”（《古小说钩沉》） is a masterpiece in the compilation of Chinese ancient novels. In the compilation of “Ming Xiang Ji”（《冥祥记》）, Lu Xun carefully corrects illogical elements in the stories by comparing various books. He meticulously sifts through materials related to “Ming Xiang Ji”, discerning and removing what he deems as spurious works to achieve the goal of separating truth from falsehood. Additionally, he not only focuses on the materials related to “Ming Xiang Ji” but also incorporates materials from other books into the compilation of “Ming Xiang Ji”. Ultimately, Lu Xun connects scattered ancient novel texts from various books to create a more detailed and complete narrative. It is evident that Lu Xun's compilation goes beyond simple juxtaposition and listing; instead, it is based on various academic judgments, involving careful revision, compilation, and even restructuring of the text. While most of Lu Xun’s methods have solid justifications, there are points of contention. Firstly, deleting some novel stories that labelled as “Ming Xiang Ji” without providing explanations. In fact, these stories cannot be completely ruled out as possibly originating from “Ming Xiang Ji”. Secondly, in the process of connecting and merging, the creation of a “Lu Xun version” of the ancient novel text may deviate from the original ancient novels. Such interventions by later scholars in the compilation of literary texts may potentially mislead current scholarly research, warranting attention and caution. Keywords: Gu Xiao Shuo Gou Chen, Ming Xiang Ji, Lu Xun, Compilation of Chinese ancient novels
Copyright (c) 2024 Hiu Kai Wen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
父权法则的复刻 论严歌苓小说中的性别权力关系
许多学者认为，严歌苓在其小说中创造的“地母”女性通过拯救男性的方式颠覆了传统的两性关系，消解了以男性为中心的父权文化。然而，当从女性主义的角度出发深入考察严式小说中的人物关系时，却可以发现，即便救赎了众多男性，但“地母”女性仍是受男性权力统治的被奴役群体。从以“地母”女性为中心延展开去，还可以发现，除去两性间的支配-从属关系，即使连同性之间，也呈现出典型的父权制度下的权力关系。本文将从男-女、女-女、男-男三个方面，对严歌苓作品中人物间的性别权力关系进行探讨，以论证其中所体现的父权文化式的权力关系法则的复刻。 Many scholars believe that in her novels, Yan Geling’s creation of the “Earth Mother” female characters subverts traditional gender relations by rescuing males, thereby undermining the male-centered patriarchal culture. However, when examining the character relationships in Yan's novels from a feminist perspective, it can be observed that despite redeeming numerous males, the “Earth Mother” females remain a subjugated group under male power. Expanding from the perspective of the “Earth Mother” females, it can be further noted that, apart from the domination-subordination relationship between the sexes, even among the same sex, typical power relations of patriarchal systems are evident. This paper will explore the gender power relations among characters in Yan Geling’s works from three aspects: male-female, female-female, and male-male, to demonstrate the replication of patriarchal cultural power relations. Keywords: Yan Geling, Gender and Power Relations, Feminism, Patriarchal System
Copyright (c) 2024 Liu Xingyu, Lim Choon Bee http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
谢枋得是由宋入元的典型遗民文人，在元朝统治之下生活了十年之久，最后走上了殉节之路。本文通过分析谢枋得宋末元初时段的言行，探究其欲为大宋遗民、又想以大元逸民处世的心态，探讨谢枋得是如何在元朝欲重用之时反而走上了殉节之路，为何选择漫长又残忍的绝食方式，死节是否为必然等问题，进一步丰富宋元遗民文人及其作品的研究。 Xie Bingde was one of the representatives from the Song Dynasty to the yuan dynasty. He lived under the rule of the Yuan Dynasty for ten years. Through the study of Xie Binge's works and behaviors in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, this paper analyzes his desire to be the adherents of the great Song Dynasty and the mentality of the great Yuan Dynasty. Xie Bingde's attitude towards the two governments of the song and yuan dynasties, the maintenance of the ethical principles of loyalty, filial piety and righteousness, and the mentality of the literati under the background of the great change of China in the 13th century, discussed how Xie Bingde wanted to reuse him in the Yuan Dynasty and embarked on the road of martyrdom. Keywords: Xie Bingde, adherents pf Song Dynasty, Survival, Integrity
Copyright (c) 2024 Liu Xue Fei , Foo Ai Peng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
跨域与流动：从《新国民日报》论新马文坛 对五四新文学理论的反响（1919-1925）
马华文学的萌芽一直以来都与“五四”文坛有着极为密切的关系。自五四运动在中国开始展开，马华社会也积极响应。马华文坛通过剪贴、转载中国五四的文字，宣传新思想、新学说，鞭挞旧思想，启迪民智，改良社会，将中国五四的思想传播到马华社会中。在这过程中，报章起到至关重要的作用，其中《新国民日报》致力于推动新文学，促进了新文艺在马华社会的诞生，被誉为马华新文学萌芽时期的中心。《新国民日报》中的许多文字除了剪贴与转载五四作家作品外，同时也有出现了本地文人投稿的文艺作品及评论。因此，本文试图通过《新国民日报》中的文学理论篇章，梳理出《新国民日报》中对五四思潮与文学理论的引介与推广，探析新马文坛对五四文学理论的反响. The budding of Malaysia Chinese literature has always had an extremely close relationship with the literary scene of the May Fourth Movement. Since the May Fourth Movement began in China, Malaysia Chinese society has also responded actively. The Malaysia Chinese literary scene disseminated new ideas and theories, criticized old ideologies, enlightened the masses, and sought social reform by clipping and reprinting texts from China’s May Fourth Movement. Through this process, newspapers played a crucial role, with the Xin Guomin Ribao dedicated to promoting new literature and facilitating the birth of new arts and theory of literature in Malaysia Chinese Literary Scene. In addition other than to clipping and reprinting works by May Fourth writers, many articles in the Xin Guomin Ribao also featured literary works and critiques contributed by Malaysia Chinese writers. Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze the introduction and promotion of May Fourth ideology and literary theory in the Xin Guomin Ribao, and explore the response of the literary scenes in Malaysia Chinese to May Fourth literary theory. Keywords: Malaysia Chinese Literary Scene, Xin Guomin Ribao, Literary Theory, May Fourth literary
Copyright (c) 2024 Chia Tze Yi, Khor Teik Huat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
碑铭与外语档案研究 庄钦永博士专访
近年来，利用碑刻资料如神主牌、碑记及墓碑文字已成为星马学术界普遍的治学方法，外语档案则依然较少为学者使用。阅读外语档案考验一名学者坐冷板凳的毅力，并非简单的差事。尽管庄钦永使用外语档案开拓星马华人史研究的新路径，写下不少具有新见的学术成绩，然这份耗尽时间、心力与经费的工作，似乎难以吸引年轻学人追随。专访缘起于笔者在撰写博士论文期间，向庄钦永先生请教伦敦布道会与美部会传教士档案。相较于星马两地学者在情感上对传教士及其研究排斥，在方法上依旧围绕在已被使用殆尽的中文史料撰写华人史议题；庄钦永利用外语档案开拓新加坡华人史、教育史、甲必丹等研究的新路径，让人耳目一新。《新加坡华人史论丛》等著作是庄钦永早期利用碑记资料与外语档案等材料考证的成果；后期则专注于传教士研究，跨足在基督教史、汉语新词和翻译史。采访详述庄钦永在澳洲国立大学利用科技作为历史研究工具、在新甲剔藓寻碑的艰辛历程及多次到国外查阅档案的经验，其所展现丰硕的成果，冀可鼓舞年轻学人善用原始档案在各自领域有所拓展。 In recent years, inscribed materials have become commonly used in the academic fields of Singapore and Malaysia, while foreign language archives remain less utilized by scholars. Even though Dr. Chng has pioneered new paths in the study of the Chinese history of Singapore and Malaysia by using foreign archives and has produced many groundbreaking academic achievements, this approach struggles to attract younger scholars due to the time and financial investment required. My interview with Dr. Chng stemmed from my doctoral research, seeking his expertise on the London Missionary Society and American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions archives. Unlike scholars who predominantly rely on exhausted Chinese historical materials, Dr. Chng's use of foreign archives has opened new paths in the Chinese history of Singapore, educational history, and Kapitan studies. His works as “Collected Essays on Chinese in Nineteenth Century Singapore” reflect his early successes in archival research. Later, he delved into missionary studies, Christianity history, new Chinese words, and translation history. The interview highlights Dr. Chng's academic journey, starting from his use of technology for historical research at the Australian National University, to the arduous process of searching for inscriptions in cemeteries and repeated visits to foreign countries for archival research. These fruitful experiences are intended to inspire young scholars to effectively utilize primary sources to expand their respective fields. Keywords: Inscriptions, foreign language archives, Chinese history of Singapore and Malacca, missionary studies, history of translation
实践跨界主体：试论庄华兴的马华文学论述与翻译
本文初步梳理近20年来庄华兴在马华文学与文化课题上的学术论述和翻译实践，探讨其思想来源和研究取径，及其之于马华文学研究的意义。“主体性”这个关键词持续出现在庄华兴的研究著述中，惟主体并非不言自明，也不单纯以本质主义的型态构成。本文认为，庄华兴以“跨界主体”为核心，寻求为“马华问题”解套的方法，同时也彰显第三世界知识分子在民族、语言和文化身分归属难题上的深切关怀。本文集中讨论庄华兴论述与实践的两个面向：“左翼马华”和“翻译马华”。庄华兴将左翼视为被压抑的社会运动和文学思想，追溯具有跨国意识的左翼精神。另一方面，他以跨语主义为方法，实际从事翻译工作并寻思翻译的政治功能，以突破马来西亚国家文化建制的藩篱。两者可说是庄华兴对“马华问题”的响应方式，也展现其期许建立理想的“马华民族”跨界主体的途径。 This paper combs through Chong Fah Hing’s academic scholarship and translation practices of Malaysian Chinese (Mahua) literature and culture over the past 20 years. It explores the sources of his thoughts, research approaches and the significance of his work to the study of Mahua literature. The keyword “subjectivity” (zhuti xing) continuously appears in Chong’s writings, though the “subject” is not self-evident. This paper posits that Chong Fah Hing centers on the concept of the “transcultural subjectivity” to seek solutions to the “Mahua problems”. His thought and practice also demonstrate the deep concern of Third World intellectuals regarding the problems of national, linguistic, and cultural identity. The paper focuses on two aspects of Chong’s scholarship and practice: left-wing thoughts and translation. On one hand, Chong views the left-wing as a repressed social movement and literary thought in Malaysia, tracing the transnational consciousness of the left-wing spirit. On the other hand, in his translation work, he practices translingual approaches and considers the political functions of translation, aiming to break through the barriers created by the Malaysian state cultural establishments. Both can be seen as Chong’s responses to the Mahua problems, and they also demonstrate his aspiration to establish an ideal transcultural “Mahua minzu” subjectivity. Keywords: Chong Fah Hing, Malaysian Chinese (Mahua) literature, minzu, left-wing, translation, Chinese-Malay translation
Copyright (c) 2024 Ying Xin Show, Siew Poh Goh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
在归属与抗议之间的“抵抗之仪” ——读白瑨的《归属之仪: 马来西亚槟城华人社群的记忆、现代性与身分认同》
有别于历史人类学的视角，以及笔者专业的限制，本文尝试以当代儒家研究者所关切的课题来参阅本书，或可提供另一种阅读角度，意即：儒家的礼仪和谐观如何与歧见共存，甚至在必要时，“抗议之礼仪”（rituals of protest）是如何可能的。《归属之仪》为我们展示了代代马来西亚华人归属斯土之恳望，但是，华人于斯土仍旧是“归属”不得且“抗议”无力时，“抵抗”才更符合进退不得的生活现实，也因此，本文将此题名为“抵抗之仪”来展开。本文拟从两方面来阅读：1. 礼仪实践的必要及其目的、2. “抵抗之仪”的局限；前者梳理该书关涉到礼仪实践的脉络，后者则是在前者的基础上进行审思。 Unlike the perspective of historical anthropology and the constraints of one's own profession, this review attempts to refer to this book in terms of a subject of concern to contemporary Confucian researchers, which may provide an alternative reading, namely: how can a harmonious view of rituals coexist with disagreement in a Confucian perspective? And even, if necessary, how "rituals of protest" are possible. Rites of Belonging shows us the aspirations of the Malaysian Chinese to belong to the land, but the situation of the Malaysian Chinese is still one in which neither belonging nor protesting is possible, but resistance is more in line with the realities of life, which is why this review is titled "rituals of resistance". The review is intended to be read from two perspectives: 1) the necessity and purpose of rites, and 2) the limitations of the "rituals of resistance"; the former organizes this book about the practice of rituals, while the latter is a reflection on it. Keywords: Ritual practice, Rituals of protest, Accommodation of disagreement
Copyright (c) 2024 Loi Chen Hwee http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
晁补之为北宋期间承先启后的词人，他身处词学变革期中的重要阶段，在北宋儒学复兴的背景和诗文革新运动的波及下，其词作与词论无疑都受到了儒家诗教观的影响，表现出明显的诗化倾向，并在承继苏轼词学观念的同时，有了进一步突破，且展现出有别于苏门四学士中其他成员的新观点。儒家诗教观发展到宋代，又形成了新的面貌，对晁补之词论的影响主要体现在：写作上融会诗法的同时保留词体本身风格特征，追求词可“托兴于此”的言志功能，和推崇“风调闲雅”的风格三个方面。晁补之较早地提出了对词的批评原则，一方面对苏轼的观念发扬承继，另一方面为后来的词学理论发展提供了启示和借鉴，起到了承上启下的作用。 Chao Buzhi was a prominent Ci poet during the Northern Song Dynasty, representing a key transitional figure in the evolution of Ci. Positioned at a critical stage of literary transformation against the backdrop of the Confucian revival and the broader movement for poetic and literary reform in the Northern Song period, his Ci compositions and theoretical contributions were deeply influenced by Confucian poetic doctrines. His works exhibited a pronounced poetic tendency, and while drawing upon the Ci concepts of Su Shi, Chao made significant advancements, offering new perspectives distinct from those of the other members of the “Four Disciples of Su Shi.” As Confucian poetic teachings evolved into the Song era, they took on new dimensions, which notably shaped Cha’s approach to Ci. This influence manifested in three main areas: the integration of poetic techniques while maintaining the unique stylistic features of Ci, the pursuit of Ci's capability to 'indirectly convey emotions,' and the promotion of an ‘elegant and leisurely’ style. Chao Buzhi also pioneered critical principles for analyzing Ci, which not only built upon and propagated Su Shi's ideas but also inspired and informed future developments in Ci theory, thereby playing a crucial role in bridging past and future generations. Keywords: Chao Buzhi, Ci Theory, Confucian Poetic Doctrine, Using Poetry as Ci
Copyright (c) 2025 Liu Meng (柳萌）, Ser Wue Hiong（徐威雄） http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Jesse Q. Sutanto 的 Dial A for Aunties 散居族裔文化传承研究
《Dial A for Aunties》是一本英文喜剧小说，讲述了在美国生活的印尼华裔，小说充满了印尼华裔文化的特色。此研究探讨五个主角色的散居族裔身份对传承华文文化的影响，尤其对家庭价值观和跨文化的语言交流方面；根据Clifford（1994） 提出的的文化传承理论主要强调了文化的动态性和变异性。该理论挑战了传统上静态和本质化的文化观点，认为文化并不是一成不变的，而是通过时间、空间和不同社会群体的交互作用而不断变化和再创造的。；而根据Cavalli-Sforza（1982） 探讨了文化如何在不同世代之间传递和演变，并运用了数量分析的方法来研究这些过程。理论分析其文化传承。研究结果得出的结论是虽然她们在美国生活了一段时间了，但她们还是离不开原籍国的身份，此外，他们的身份对他们养育下一代的影响非常大。 Dial A for Auntiesis an English comedy novel which narrates a story about Chinese Indonesians characters living in America. This novel is rich with characteristics of Chinese Indonesian’s culture. This research discussed about how the five main characters’ identity influence the pattern of cultural heritage, especially onfamily values aspect and intercultural language communication aspect, also discussed the diaspora form in the five main characters according to Clifford’s theory, and methods of inheriting culture according to Cavalli-Sforza’s theory. The result is, even though they lived in America for quite some time, they can’t be separated with their identities and that their identities played a big role in their what they educate their descendants. Keywords: Diaspora, Cultural heritage, Diaspora characteristics, Interculturallanguage communication, Family values, Dial A for Aunties
Copyright (c) 2024 Olivia, Jessica Eliana Limantara http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
方娥真的创作成果丰富，迄今共有诗集二部，散文八部以及小说八部，总计十八部。而她的文学创作生涯可分为两个阶段，第一个是一九八O年之前她在台湾以及马来西亚等地的文学创作发表，后结集出版成书。第二阶段是一九八O年九月以后，方娥真与温瑞安等人因故被台湾国民党政府驱逐出境，流落香港。此后，她在香港重新创作并出版文集。本文尝试从其创作历程中探勘她两个创作阶段的不同特色。藉由方娥真的诗与散文分析可知，她早期喜欢对镜书写与幻想，但第二阶段的创作心理已大有转变，体认到现实人生里的“真”。而从小说来看，第一阶段《画天涯》允为成长小说的佳作，而第二阶段的〈火葬〉与〈窗外少年〉，对于人性与情欲书写，有更进一步的拓展。方娥真写作历程最关键的转变是到了香港，她在香港时期的书写，大多投射了在台湾蒙冤入狱的阴影。本文认为她第二阶段虽然也写通俗小说，但对于纯文学仍然有所坚持，她的整体成就仍是值得肯定。 Fang e-zhen has an abundant creative output. So far, she has two collections of poems, eight collections of prose and eight fictions, totaling eighteen collections. Her literature creation career can be divided into two stages. The first was the publication of her literature creations in Taiwan, Malaysia and other places before 1980, which were later collected and published in a book. The second stage was after September 1980. Fang e-zhen, Wen rui-an and others were deported by the Kuomintang government of Taiwan for some reasons and lived in Hong Kong. Thereafter, she re-created and published anthologies in Hong Kong. This article attempts to explore the different characteristics of her two creative stages from her creative process. From the analysis of Fang e-zhen’s poetry and prose, her early days, she liked writing in front of the mirror and fantasizing, but in the second stage, her creative psychology has changed greatly, and she has realized the "truth" in real life. From the perspective of fictions, "Painting the End of the World" in the first stage can be regarded as a masterpiece of coming-of-age fictions, while "Cremation" and "The Boy Outside the Window" in the second stage have further expanded the writing on human nature and passion. The most critical change in Fang e-zhen’s writing process was her arrival in Hong Kong. Most of her writings during her time in Hong Kong cast the shadow of being wrongly imprisoned in Taiwan. This article believes that although she also wrote popular fictions in her second stage, she still insisted on pure literature, and her overall achievements are still worthy of recognition. Keywords: Fang e-zhen, Literature, Fiction, Prose, Poetry
Copyright (c) 2024 Toh Soon Ngu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
新加坡华人传统社群聚落的时空演变（1819-2000）
本文利用19世纪初的档案地图资料以及部分史料，以新加坡华人会馆、方言社群等地缘组织作为研究对象，从历史地理学视角梳理出新加坡从开埠时期到21世纪初，传统华人社群聚落的起源、类型特点、空间分布、时空演变的脉络；在对相关历史数据汇总分析的基础上，研究华人传统社群聚落空间变迁的驱动因素：早期新加坡多元移民社会特征与新华社会复杂的人口构成是华人传统社群聚落构建的催生力；英国殖民地政府所采取的一系列城镇规划手段是华人传统社群聚落诞生的推动力；而新加坡城市化进程则是华人传统社群聚落加快时空变迁的重要拉升力。 This article uses archival map data and some historical materials from the early 19th century, and takes geographical organizations such as the Singapore Chinese Association and dialect communities as the research objects. From the perspective of historical geography, we sort out the traditional Chinese community settlements in Singapore from the opening of the port to the early 21st century. The origin, type characteristics, spatial distribution, and temporal and spatial evolution of the composition is the catalytic force for the construction of traditional Chinese community settlements; a series of town planning methods adopted by the British colonial government are the driving force for the birth of traditional Chinese community settlements; and the urbanization process in Singapore is the acceleration of time and space changes for traditional Chinese community settlements. Important lifting force. Keywords: Singapore Chinese, opening period, community，settlement，the spatial and temporal evolution
Copyright (c) 2024 William Ni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
段玉裁是清代乾嘉时期著名考据学家，学识广博，著述丰富，其代表作《说文解字注》享誉学界。段玉裁家族重德好学，师承戴震，继承和发展了考据学风，在实践、理论方面都有诸多建树；与王念孙、钱大昕等学者交往甚密，常互相讨论切磋；段玉裁还关爱后辈，培养、启发了很多学术新人。对段玉裁学术源流的整理分析之重要性显而易见，本文以人物为点，以时间为线，主要梳理、剖析段玉裁学术生涯中与之家中长辈、师、友及后辈的学术往来，借此展现段玉裁学术源流之面。 Duan Yucai was renowned philologist and scholar during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty. He possessed extensive knowledge and authored numerous works, with his masterpiece Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu gaining great recognition in academic circles. Duan Yucai’s family tradition is virtuous and studious, and he learned from Dai Zhen, inherited and developed the tradition of philological research, making significant contribution in both practical and theoretical aspects. He had close interactions and discussions with scholars such as Wang Niansun and Qian Daxin. Duan Yucai also actively supported and inspired younger academics, nurturing their talents. The importance of analyzing and documenting the academic interactions between Duan Yucai and his teachers, colleagues, and disciples is evident. This paper focuses on individuals as focal points and traces Duan Yucai’s academic career through a chronological perspective, primarily examining his scholarly exchanges with his mentors, peers and successors, thus revealing the academic lineage of Duan Yucai. Keywords: Duan Yucai, Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, academic communication, Teacher-inherited , inferiors
Copyright (c) 2024 Qianqian Zhang, Wue Hiong Ser http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
张爱玲是中国现当代文坛上一位非常有特色的女作家，她透过作品中人物形象的生存轨迹为我们展现出了一个西方现代文明和东方没落文化结合后的畸形社会风貌，具有独特的文化内涵。学术界对张爱玲文章的研究开始于上个世纪四十年代，本文以年代为主线，梳理了张爱玲在中西方不同的时代背景与文化氛围中的研究概况，通过对张爱玲研究成果的梳理，我们可以看到特定的历史背景下，中西方不同的学术研究氛围与文学研究理念，所表现的不同视野和思路。 Zhang Ailing is a very distinctive female writer in the modern and contemporary Chinese literary world. Through the survival track of the characters in her works, she shows us a deformed social style after the combination of Western modern civilization and Eastern declining culture, with unique cultural connotation. The academic circle began to study Eileen Zhang’s articles in the 1940s. This article uses time as the main line and sorted out the research overview of Eileen Zhang in different historical backgrounds and cultural atmospheres in China and the West. Through the combing of Eileen Zhang's research results, we can see that under a specific historical background, different academic research atmospheres and literary research concepts in China and the West have different perspectives and thoughts on the research of Eileen Chang’s articles. Keywords: Zhang Ailing, Novel, Criticism system
Copyright (c) 2022 Ji Zhongxuan, Ai Peng Foo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
新加坡义顺地区华人聚落的起源与演变（1819-1991）
近年来，“甘榜精神”[1]（kampong Spirit）被视为新加坡华族文化的根基，李显龙总理也多次强调“重塑甘榜精神”对于新加坡社会的重要性。“甘榜精神”诞生于早期的新加坡华人聚落，也是特定的历史、地理、人文、政治环境等综合要素催生的产物。本文从历史聚落地理学的独特视角，结合地图及档案史料，运用人地关系理论以早期新加坡义顺地区具有代表性的华人聚落作为案例，来探讨近代新加坡华人聚落的起源、基本特征及其发展演变规律。早期华人聚落的起源依托于19世纪末实里达流域的人地关系背景；南下移民潮与新加坡开埠以来的莱佛士重商政策也是聚落起源的重要宏观环境支撑；义顺地区独特的自然地理资源刺激了种植经济的蓬勃发展，这些因素的叠加推动了移民垦殖区的开发，最终形成了将血缘、地缘、业缘与方言缘等多缘结合的华人村落。1965年新加坡独立前后，由于城市化进程的加快以及“居者有其屋”的执政党惠民政策的双重影响，传统华人聚落逐渐被现代组屋社区所替代，从而完成了聚落的时空演变过程。 [1] 甘榜是马来文Kampong的华文音译词，意思是乡村、村落、村庄。昔日的甘榜精神（kampong Spirit），就是现在所指的社区精神，意指生活在同一个社区的人，守望相助，无私奉献，形成一个相互包容的大家庭，从而具备强大的社会凝聚力。 The kampong spirit is regarded as the foundation of Chinese culture in Singapore, and Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong has repeatedly emphasized the importance of "reshaping the kampong spirit" for Singaporean society. The "Kampong Spirit" was born in the early Chinese settlements in Singapore, and it is also the product of comprehensive factors such as specific history, geography, humanities, and political environment. From the unique perspective of historical settlement geography, combined with maps and archives, this paper uses the theory of man-land relationship to discuss the origin, basic characteristics and development of Chinese settlements in modern Singapore by taking the representative Chinese settlements in the Yishun area of Singapore as a case in the early days. Evolution. The origin of early Chinese settlements was based on the background of the relationship between people and land in the Seletar River Basin at the end of the 19th century; the southward immigration wave and the Raffles business policy since the opening of Singapore were also important macro-environmental supports for the origin of the settlements; the unique physical geography of the Yishun area Resources stimulated the vigorous development of planting economy, and the superposition of these factors promoted the development of immigrant settlement areas, and finally formed Chinese villages that combined blood, geography, industry and dialect ties. Before and after Singapore's independence in 1965, due to the acceleration of urbanization and the double influence of the ruling party's policy of "home ownership" to benefit the people, traditional Chinese settlements were gradually replaced by modern HDB communities, thus completing the temporal and spatial evolution of settlements . Keywords: Singapore Chinese, Yishun area, rural settlements, temporal and spatial evolution
Copyright (c) 2023 William Ni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
翩跹入世： 战后新加坡舞女劳动形态和社会实践的两面性
“舞女”这个称说指涉的社会群体具有复杂多面的特点，使其内涵及身份难以被界定。新加坡的舞女群体自1930年代诞生之后，逐渐在商业化舞厅的操作下与色情行业发生勾连，因而在社会论述中遭受抨击与批判。与此同时，她们却也通过社团组织和公益实践，建立起她们热心奉献的正面形象。本文以战后新加坡舞女为研究对象，试图从社会史的研究视角出发，主要借助前人尚未援用的报章、档案等第一手历史材料，重绘战后新加坡舞女的历史面貌、社会存在、和生活形态，观察她们社会身份的暧昧性所带来的种种困境，并探究她们自我赋权的过程。 Due to the ambivalent connotations propagated by print media, it is challenging to define the identity and positionality of Singapore dance hostesses. Since the advent of commercial dance halls in the 1930s, Singapore dance hostesses as a distinct social group has been subjected to public criticism for their sexualized image. At the same time, they have also established a positive social image for their enthusiastic dedication to social causes. This essay attempts to reconstruct Singapore dance hostesses of the postwar period from news articles and archives, discovering the historical and social features of the dance hostesses, and to observe the various dilemmas brought about by the ambiguity of dance hostesses’ social identity, and exploring the process of their self-empowerment. Keywords: postwar period, Singapore dance hostesses, yellow culture, empowerment
Copyright (c) 2023 Mei Yao Kuo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
怨曲新声： 论华语流行歌曲对传统“闺怨词”的继承与发展
闺怨诗是中国古典诗歌里的常见类别。二十世纪以来，随着女性社会与经济地位的改变，与 “闺怨”相关的文学作品似乎已逐渐淡出人们的视野。于此同时，现当代流行歌坛涌现出大量抒写女性情感和境况的歌曲，以传统或现代的表达方式谱写出与过去相似或新颖另类的闺怨情致。本文从流行歌曲大量涌现的上世纪三十年代开始至本世纪初，选取近百年间由女歌手原唱的，摹写女性怨望心声且具有较高传唱度或代表性的华语流行歌词进行赏析，重点从它们对古典文学的模仿借鉴、古意新词的尝试创新以及闺怨情感延续变迁带来的创作革新等三个方面，探究古今闺怨曲的承袭和流变。可以看到，闺怨题材的文学作品不仅没有淡出人们的视野，反而随着时代的发展不断变化，通过流行歌词呈现出多样化的色彩。新时代的 “闺怨曲”作者们与时偕行，书写、记录下不同阶层、不同身世际遇的女性悲欢离合、感时伤世的心曲，让广大女性从中得到情感的寄托，升华情感认知，这是流行歌曲和古代诗教一脉相承的精神所在。 Boudoir-plaint poetry is a common category in classical Chinese poetry. With the development of women's social and economic status since the 20th century, literary works related to "boudoir-plaint" seem to have gradually faded out, while a large number of songs expressing women's emotions and situations have emerged in the modern and contemporary pop music, conveying similar or novel boudoir plaints in both ancient and modern ways. This article selects several highly representative Chinese pop songs depicting boudoir plaints composed between 1930 when pop songs proliferated and the beginning of 21st century that were originally sung by female singers in the past 100 years. In order to explore the inheritance and innovation of the Boudoir-plaints poetry over this period, lyrics will be analyzed in following three aspects, their reference and heritage of classical literature, the continuation and change of boudoir plaints, and the innovation and expansion in composition. It shows that the literary works about boudoir plaints not only did not fade out, but moved with the times, demonstrating a great diversity across time. The boudoir-plaint poets of the new era walk with the times, writing down the joys and sorrows of women of different social strata and life experiences, providing emotional sustenance and cognition for them, contributing to their temperamental refinement and self-cultivation. In this way, the spirit of the ancient poetry is inherited by modern pop songs. Keywords: Boudoir, Poetry, Lyrics, Modern Popular Songs, Cantonese songs
Copyright (c) 2023 Yi Wang, Wue Hiong Ser http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
传统与现在的拉锯： 网络小说《后宫如懿传》中的女性形象与女性意识
近年来，宫廷题材备受大众喜爱，尤其是女性角色受到高度重视，不只可窥探读者的兴趣取向，更能集中探讨小说家的创作意图，究竟女性形象的形塑以及其笔下女性意识的朗现，究竟「再現」了什么？这个再现是否具有现实基础或条件的支持？例如《后宫·如懿传》原创小说，便深受读者喜欢，小说建构的是一个封建专制的男权社会，后宫女性作为“服侍皇帝，繁衍子嗣”的工具而存在，她们在两性关系里处于极端被动的状态。然而，小说家却能同时形塑贴近时下的女性人物，赋予传统女性具有意识转变的可能性，透露了女性觉醒的可能性并试图让大众看到小说中的女性人物成长蜕变的过程，从传统女性的牢笼里走出，成为新时代的女性。例如小说中的如懿和海兰在前期时期都一直处于被动的立场。无论他人如何陷害她们，她们都选择隐忍及退让。但是后宫嫔妃并没有因她们的隐忍而收手，反而变本加厉的欺压她们。最后，促使如懿和海兰在这勾心斗角中结盟了，她们以自己的智慧来反击这些人，甚至让自己重新获得皇帝的恩宠，巩固了自己在后宫的地位。在后期的小说中，如懿勇敢的对皇帝说出自己渴望一夫一妻的关系，指责皇帝的错误导致两人最后不欢而散，如懿也因此决然选择以断发与皇帝划清界限，至死都不向皇帝退让，并坚守着当初与皇帝美好的誓言死去。从以上的例子，便能看到如懿从一开始天真的守护着与皇帝的爱情，到后来皇帝对其种种的误会从而促使她自主意识的觉醒。因此，本文主要以网络小说——《后宫如懿传》为分析文本，希望能透过小说文本的女性角色，深入探讨究竟是什么样的女性特质的再现，颠覆了古时候人们对“女性特质”所设定好的标准，并进一步说明网络小说的创作如何再现现代女性的特质。 In recent years, court themes have been loved by the public, especially female characters. This can not only glimpse the reader's interest orientation, but also glimpse the novelist's creative intentions, what is the reproduction of female image shaping and the female consciousness? Does this reproduction have the support of a realistic basis or condition? For example, the original novel Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace is very popular among readers. The novel constructs a feudal autocratic patriarchal society, women of the harem exist as tools for ‘serving the emperor and prospering the children’ and they are in an extremely passive state in a relationship between the sexes. However, with the change of the times, the status of women has gradually improved, and many classic female figures have followed the growth rules from simple to complex, from obscurantism to awakening. For example, Ru Yi always had great expectations of the emperor in the early period, and no matter how hurtful the emperor said, she firmly believed that the emperor loved her. It was not until the later period when various contradictions between Ru Yi and the emperor appeared, such as the emperor listened to imperial astronomer say that Ru Yi killed their son, mistakenly thought that Ru Yi had an affair with his bodyguard Ling Yun Che etc, then she realized that the emperor had changed become suspicious and selfish. At the end of the story, Ruyi chooses to cut a line with the emperor by cutting his hair, and sticks to the good oath he took with the emperor to die. From the above examples, we can see that Ruyi innocently guarded her love with the emperor from the beginning, to the emperor’s various misunderstandings about her later, which prompted her to awaken her sense of autonomy. Therefore, this article mainly uses the online novel Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace as an analytical text, hoping to analyze what kind of female characteristics are through the female characters in the novel text, subverting the standards set by people in ancient times for “femininity”, and further explaining how the creation of online novels reproduces the characteristics of modern women. Keywords: Internet novels, Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace, Feminine consciousness, Female image, Reproduce
Copyright (c) 2022 Connie Chee Ming Wong http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
论美丽的力量与颠覆：以川端康成《化妆》为例
川端康成《化妆》一文以其纤细的视角，洞察人们所忽略的可怖经验——“女孩化妆后的微笑”，进而窥探人类发展史上不为人知的秘密。“化妆”是女性的一种镜像迎合，借男性之视觉、语言、符号标准去映照自己的生命价值。在远古时代，女性深具崇高而神圣的地位，是男性对于生殖器官的崇拜。男性转而假借语言文字创建了一个历史世界（History）试图掩盖女性的崇高性，而女性则逐渐被雕塑成男性眼中“懦弱、附庸、美丽”的形象。男性在符号世界里不知不觉地赋予了女性们美丽的力量，那是男性在颠覆母系社会过程中所遗留的产物，但也成了女性颠覆父权力量的根源。因此“化妆”是男人镜像中对于美丽的依恋与哀愁，但正因如此让女性得以仰赖自己的姿色凝聚一股足以倾国倾城的庞大力量，撼动男性书写的文明。故笔者欲以符号学阐明化妆所指涉的意义，进而运用拉康（Jacques Marie EmileLacan）“镜像理论”(mirror stage）论述女性如何在男性所赋予的镜像中，建构自我的身份属性。 The article “Makeup” by Yasunari Kawabata provides a slender insight into the horrible experience that people overlook – “the smile of a girl with makeup” - and thus peeks into the unknown secrets of human development. “Makeup” is a kind of mirroring catering for women, reflecting their own life values through the visual, linguistic and symbolic standards of men. In ancient times, women had a high and sacred status and were worshipped by men for their reproductive organs. Men turned to language and writing to create a world of history in an attempt to conceal the sublime nature of women, while women were gradually sculpted as “weak, subservient and beautiful” in men's eyes. In the symbolic world, men have unconsciously given women the power of beauty, which is the legacy of men's subversion of matriarchal society, but also the source of women's subversion of patriarchal power. Therefore, “make-up” is the attachment and sorrow for beauty in men'’s mirror image, but because of this, women are able to rely on their beauty to gather a huge power that can overwhelm the country and shake the civilization written by men. Therefore, this paper would like to clarify the meaning of make-up by means of semiotics, using Jacques Marie Emile Lacan's “mirror stage” to discuss how women construct their own identity in the mirror image given by men. Keywords: Make up, symbolic, mirror image, subversion, beauty, fear
Copyright (c) 2022 Ming Ren Lee http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0