The Mediating Effects of Subjective Well-Being on the Relationship between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Withdrawal Intention among B40 University Students: A Conceptual Framework

Authors

  • Siti Zubaidah Mohd Ariffin Faculty of Management and Economcis, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35000 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
  • Nor Sa'adah Jamaluddin Faculty of Management and Economcis, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35000 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37134/ibej.Vol16.2.7.2023

Keywords:

Withdrawal Intention, B40, Subjective Well-Being, COVID-19

Abstract

Despite many studies investigating the determinants of students’ withdrawal intention, scant evidence could be found related to how COVID-19 occurrence affected the intention to drop out by university students. Furthermore, the mediating effect of students’ subjective well-being has been ignored by previous studies. Therefore, this conceptual paper proposes a framework which links the mediating effect of subjective well-being on the relationship between COVID-19 occurrence and students’ withdrawal intention from university. In addition, this paper also proposes a quantitative cross-sectional survey to verify the proposed framework. A research sample of undergraduate students from many disciplines and study areas belonging to the B40 socioeconomic group currently enrolled in both public and private institutions in Malaysia would be surveyed and data would be analyzed using PLS-SEM. The framework proposed by this study highlights a research gap in the present literature which needs to be filled to enhance the current understanding of extended effect of COVID-19 to higher education.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

APA. (2020, October 1). The toll of job loss. (S. Pappas, Producer) Retrieved February 2, 2021, from American Psychological Association: https://www.apa.org/monitor/2020/10/toll-job-loss

Li, I. W., & Carroll, D. R. (2020). Factors influencing dropout and academic performance: an Australian higher education equity perspective. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 42(1), 14-30.

Fernández Cruz, M., Álvarez Rodríguez, J., Ávalos Ruiz, I., Cuevas López, M., de Barros Camargo, C., Díaz Rosas, F., ... & Lizarte Simón, E. J. (2020). Evaluation of the emotional and cognitive regulation of young people in a lockdown situation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 565503.

Chen, J. T., Cheng, Z. H., Wang, H. Q., & Li, D. (2020). Does leader narcissism hinder employees taking charge? An affective events theory perspective. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(10), 1-13.

Chung, E., Subramaniam, G., & Dass, L. C. (2020). Online learning readiness among university students in Malaysia amidst COVID-19. Asian Journal of University Education, 16(2), 45-58.

CDC. (2020, December 14). COVID-19. Retrieved January 30, 2021, from Center for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/mitigating-staff-shortages.html

CNA. (2021, May 21). Prepare for the worst': Record 7,289 new COVID-19 cases in Malaysia as hospital ICUs struggle with surge. Retrieved May 2021, from Channel News Asia: https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/covid-19-malaysia-record-highest-7289-cases-icu-mco-third-wave-14882382

Haverila, M. J., Haverila, K., & McLaughlin, C. (2020). Variables affecting the retention intentions of students in higher education institutions: A comparison between international and domestic students. Journal of International Students, 10(2), 358-382.

Iglesias, V., Entrialgo, M., & Müller, F. (2020). Supply-side Antecedents of dropout rates in MBA programs. Studies in Higher Education, 45(9), 1848-1863.

ILO-OECD. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on jobs and incomes in G20 economies. ILO-OECD paper prepared at the request of G20 Leaders Saudi Arabia's G20 Presidency 2020. Saudia Arabia.

KKM. (2021, January 29). COVID-19 Malaysia. Retrieved January 30, 2021, from Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia: http://covid-19.moh.gov.my/terkini

Malay Mail. (2020, October 30). Poor KL students dropping out of school at an alarming rate amid outbreak, new UN study finds. (S. J. ZAHIID, Producer) Retrieved January 27, 2021, from Malaymail.com: https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2020/10/30/poor-kl-students-dropping-out-of-school-at-an-alarming-rate-amid-outbreak-n/1917791

MEF (2023). T20, M40, B40 Household Income Update 2023. Malaysian Employers

Federation. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from

https://www.mef.org.my/news/general_article.aspx?@ID=59#:~:text=T20%2C%20M40%20and%20B40%20was,and%20T20%20the%20top%2020%25.

MOHE. (2012). The National Higher Education Strategic Plan Beyond 2020. The National Higher Education Action Plan Phase 2 (2011 - 2015). Putrajaya, Malaysia.

Krischer, M. M., Penney, L. M., & Hunter, E. M. (2010). Can counterproductive work behaviors be productive? CWB as emotion-focused coping. Journal of occupational health psychology, 15(2), 154-166.

Ueda, M., Nordström, R., & Matsubayashi, T. (2022). Suicide and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Journal of Public Health, 44(3), 541-548.

Sani, N. S., Nafuri, A. F. M., Othman, Z. A., Nazri, M. Z. A., & Mohamad, K. N. (2020). Drop-out prediction in higher education among B40 students. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 11(11), 550-559.

NST. (2020, April 15). COVID-19: Medical frontlines worldwide struggling with fatigue, fear. Retrieved January 30, 2021, from NewStraitsTimes.com: https://www.nst.com.my/world/world/2020/04/584476/covid-19-medical-frontliners-worldwide-struggling-fatigue-fear

NST. (2020, April 20). MCO-linked domestic violence rises. Retrieved February 2, 2021, from New Straits Times: https://www.nst.com.my/news/exclusive/2020/04/581233/mco-linked-domestic-violence-rises

NSRM. (2008). National Suicide Registry Malaysia. Preliminary Report: July-December 2007. Forensic Medicine Services Psychiatry and Mental Health Services Ministry of Health Malaysia, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Kuala Lumpur: National Suicide Registry Malaysia.

Prime, H., Wade, M., & Browne, D. T. (2020). Risk and resilience in family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. American Psychologist Association, 75(5), 631-643.

Pew Research Centre. (2020, September 24). Economic Fallout From COVID-19 Continues To Hit Lower-Income Americans the Hardest. Retrieved February 2, 2021, from Pew Research Centre: https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/09/24/economic-fallout-from-covid-19-continues-to-hit-lower-income-americans-the-hardest/

Restubog, S. L. D., Ocampo, A. C. G., & Wang, L. (2020). Taking control amidst the chaos: Emotion regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, 103440.

Samuel, R., Burger, K. (2020). Negative Life Events, Self-Efficacy, and Social Support: Risk and Protective Factors for School Dropout Intentions and Dropout. Journal of Education Psychology, 112(5), 973-986.

Sandoval-Palis, I., Naranjo, D., Vidal, J., & Gilar-Corbi, R. (2020). Early dropout prediction model: A case study of university leveling course students. Sustainability, 12(22), 1-17.

StudyMalaysia.com. (2021, January 25). Student Info & Guide. Retrieved January 25, 2021, from studyMalaysia.com: https://www.studymalaysia.com/education/higher-education-in-malaysia/the-malaysian-higher-education-system-an-overview

Thakur, A. (2020). Mental health in high school students at the time of COVID-19: A student’s perspective. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(12), 1309.

The Edge Markets. (2021, January 11). Surviving The Impact of Covid-19: A trying year for job holders. Retrieved February 2, 2021, from The Edge Markets: https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/surviving-impact-covid19-trying-year-job-holders

TheMalaysianReserve. (2021, February 2). Suicide cases on the rise amid pandemic. Retrieved February 2, 2021, from The Malaysian Reserve: https://themalaysianreserve.com/2020/11/11/suicide-cases-on-the-rise-amid-pandemic/

The Star. (2020, September 13). Human Writes: Malaysia is failing young dropouts with its education system. (M. BALASEGARAM, Producer) Retrieved January 27, 2021, from thestar.com: https://www.thestar.com.my/lifestyle/living/2020/09/13/human-writes-malaysia039s-education-system-is-failing-young-dropouts

The Star. (2021, January 9). University student found dead in room by her parents. Retrieved January 27, 2021, from Thestar.com: https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/01/09/university-student-found-dead-in-room-by-her-parents

WHO. (2020, October 12). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Retrieved February 2, 2021, from World Health Organization: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19

WHO. (2021, May 24). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. Retrieved from World Health Organization: https://covid19.who.int/

World Bank. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Shocks to education and policy responses. Retrieved from World Bank Group: ELibrary: https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/pdf/10.1596/33696

WPR. (2020, October 15). The Global Rise of Anti-Lockdown Protests—and What to Do About It. Retrieved February 2, 2021, from World Politic Review: https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/29137/amid-the-covid-19-pandemic-protest-movements-challenge-lockdowns-worldwide

Yan, L., Gan, Y., Ding, X., Wu, J., & Duan, H. (2021). The relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress during the COVID-19 outbreak: Effects of boredom proneness and coping style. Journal of anxiety disorders, 77, 102328.

Downloads

Published

2023-12-24

How to Cite

Siti Zubaidah Mohd Ariffin, & Nor Sa’adah Jamaluddin. (2023). The Mediating Effects of Subjective Well-Being on the Relationship between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Withdrawal Intention among B40 University Students: A Conceptual Framework. International Business Education Journal, 16(2), 88–99. https://doi.org/10.37134/ibej.Vol16.2.7.2023