Tafsiran Budaya dan Estetika: Menggali Simbolisme dalam Konteks Budaya Menurut Clifford Geertz
Cultural and Aesthetic Interpretation: Exploring Symbolism in Cultural Context According to Clifford Geertz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/kupasseni.vol14.1.2.2026Keywords:
Estetika, Simbol, Antropologi, Budaya, EkspresiAbstract
Tulisan ini cuba membahaskan pemikiran Clifford Geertz dalam menafsirkan kebudayaan dan estetika melalui simbolisme yang wujud dalam ranah budaya. Objektif utama kajian ini ialah meneliti bagaimana pendekatan interpretatif Geertz dapat digunakan untuk memahami simbol-simbol budaya yang mencerminkan nilai, norma, dan sistem makna dalam masyarakat. Geertz, seorang ahli antropologi budaya Amerika yang cukup masyhur, menegaskan bahawa budaya merupakan sistem simbol yang sarat dengan makna dan mempunyai dimensi estetika tersendiri. Kajian ini juga menyuntik penggunaan pendekatan interpretatif Geertz dalam tatanan antropologi, sosiologi dan simbolik yang ‘menyisakan ongkos’ bersifat holistik, meneropong tatanan simbol budaya. Kaedah dalam kajian menggunakan metode “thick description” atau deksripsi mendalam bagi mengeksplorasi cara simbol-simbol budaya berperanan dalam estetika yang membentuk hukum-hakam, norma, nilai dan gagasan dalam tatanan simbolis antropologi. Kajian ini juga menggunakan elemen teori Geertz, yakni fungsional terhadap interpretasi estetika simbolik, yang sarat dengan makna, yang mana seni ini dianggap sebagai suatu simbolis yang mencerminkan kompleksiti budaya. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa simbolisme budaya bukan sahaja berfungsi sebagai wadah ekspresi seni, tetapi juga sebagai sistem tanda yang menzahirkan pemikiran, identiti, dan pandangan hidup kolektif masyarakat. Simbol ini menjadi asas kepada pembentukan nilai estetik yang mencerminkan struktur sosial dan budaya. Hasil interpretasi simbolisme budaya bukan hanya membantu estetika, tetapi juga berperanan penting dalam menjambatani dialog lintas budaya yang penuh aksi dan irama sekaligus, memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang hubungan antara estetika, simbolisme, dan budaya.
This paper attempts to discuss Clifford Geertz's thinking in interpreting culture and aesthetics through symbolism that exists in the cultural realm. The main objective of this study is to examine how Geertz's interpretive approach can be used to understand cultural symbols that reflect values, norms, and systems of meaning in society. Geertz, a well-known American cultural anthropologist, asserts that culture is a system of symbols that is loaded with meaning and has its own aesthetic dimension. This study also injects the use of Geertz's interpretive approach into the anthropological, sociological, and symbolic order that 'leaves the cost' of being holistic, looking into the cultural symbolic order. The method in the study uses the "thick description" method or deep description to explore how cultural symbols play a role in aesthetics that form laws, norms, values, and ideas in the symbolic order of anthropology. This study also uses elements of Geertz's theory, namely functional to the interpretation of symbolic aesthetics, which is loaded with meaning, where art is considered as a symbolic that reflects the complexity of culture. The findings also show that cultural symbolism not only functions as a medium for artistic expression, but also as a system of signs that expresses the collective thoughts, identities, and outlooks of society. These symbols become the basis for the formation of aesthetic values that reflect social and cultural structures. The results of the interpretation of cultural symbolism not only help aesthetics, but also play an important role in bridging cross-cultural dialogue that is full of action and rhythm at the same time, providing a deeper understanding of the relationship between aesthetics, symbolism, and culture.
KEYWORDS: Aesthetics, Symbols, Anthropology, Culture, Expression
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