Malaysian Journal of Music
type: channel
description: The Malaysian Journal of Music (MJM) [ISSN 2600-9366 e-ISSN 2600-9331] previously known as the Malaysian Music Journal (MMJ) (2012-2017, ISSN : 2232-1020 e-ISSN : 0128-2158 ), is a double-blind peer-reviewed academic journal that highlights music research and scholarship. It is a forum for music scholars to critically discuss issues related to music. Whilst the journal is based in Malaysia, articles from any region with theoretically robust and empirically engaging content are welcomed. We invite submissions of original articles from a wide spectrum of research areas including musicology, ethnomusicology, music education, performance, composition, music technology, popular music, music therapy and music business. Multidisciplinary research that includes music is also welcomed. Our journal publishes articles in Malay and English bi-annually.
publisher: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Press
language: en
publication name: Malaysian Journal of Music
issn: 2600-9366
items: “Music’s cool... Yeah... But naah… can it really get you moving inside and out?" Eudaimonic Function of Music Listening (EFML) and Students’ Intrinsic Motivation in Physical Education
items: The Origins of the Gambus (ʿŪd) in Malaysia: A Two-Channel Hypothesis of Ottoman Cultural Exchange and Hadrami Diaspora
items: Hybrid Instrumentation Strategy in Balinese Gamelan Performances: The Challenge of Retaining Sonic Identity
items: Design, Development, and Evaluation of an Interactive Multimedia Resource for Teaching Kadazandusun Gong Music in Malaysia
items: “Thaifying” Kodály: Developing an Applied Prototype Pedagogical Method for 7th-Grade Students in Thailand
items: Effects of Instructional Models and Musical Creativity on Undergraduate Students’ Traditional Music Ability
items: Pendekatan Pergerakan Berirama dalam Pembelajaran Rekoder untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Emosi Murid Sekolah Rendah Berprestasi Akademik Rendah
items: Tracing the Saxophone’s Divergent Paths: Jazz Influence and Classical Repertoire Development
items: Creating Place: The Role of Festival, Kajarī Folk Songs, and Rituals in Mirzapur
items: A Delphi Study of Effective Practices for Determining the Competencies of Elementary Music Teachers
items: Music Teachers’ Motivations, Competencies, and Challenges in Public Elementary Schools in Sorsogon City, Philippines
items: Sindhènan Pêmatut in Surakarta-Style Karawitan: Vocal Decision-Making in Context-Dependent Garap
items: Digital Literacy and the Online Transmission of Lampung Music on YouTube
items: Bincarung: Children’s Kawih Compositions Based on Sundanese Local Wisdom
items: The Impact of Popular Music on Primary Music Education: A Comparative Study of Chinese and Malaysian Teachers’ Perspectives
items: Factors Influencing Music Career Choice Among Malaysian Students: A Social Cognitive Career Theory Perspective
items: Pianists’ Interpretive Insights: Exploring Hunt, Military, and Pastoral Motifs through Monelle’s Topic Theory
items: Quiet Resonances of an Emergent Indigeneity: Sound, Silence, and Igorot Protest Performances in the Philippines
items: Vocal Art in the Javanese Version of the Ramayana Epic by Raden Ngabehi Yasadipura
items: Enhancing Joint Attention Skills in a Child with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC):
items: Chinese Local Children's Piano Enlightenment Works -
items: Financial Challenges in Music and Dance-Based Interventions for Older Adults:
items: Mapping and Digitizing Sarawak Bioacoustic for Soundscape Composition:
items: The Differences in 21st-Century 4C Skills Among Diverse University Choirs in China
items: Pythagorean Music Theory and Its Application in Renaissance Architectural Design
items: Calung Banyumasan:
items: Gender Differences in the Function of Music for Emotion Regulation Development in Everyday Life:
items: Kidung:
items: Investigating the Roles of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Music Education:
items: Problems and Expectations of Students Regarding the Management of Learning in the Subjects of Thai Music Theory and History within the Thai Undergraduate Music Education Curriculum

“Music’s cool... Yeah... But naah… can it really get you moving inside and out?" Eudaimonic Function of Music Listening (EFML) and Students’ Intrinsic Motivation in Physical Education
type: item
description: Music is commonly utilized in educational settings to support mood regulation and concentration, yet its deep motivational relevance within physical education remains underexplored. Guided by Self Determination Theory (SDT), this study examined the associations between the Eudaimonic Functions of Music Listening (EFML), and intrinsic motivation among college students enrolled in mandatory Physical Activities Toward Health and Fitness (PATH Fit) courses at a Philippine State University. A cross-sectional correlational design was used to assess these relationships. To measure the variables, the study utilized the Eudaimonic Functions of Music Listening (EFML) scale to evaluate the elements of Peak Experience (PEX), Flow (FL), and Transcendence (TR), alongside the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory to examine the subdimensions of interest, enjoyment, value, usefulness, and perceived choice. Regression analyses revealed that PEX and FL were significantly associated with overall intrinsic motivation and multiple subdimensions, with PEX emerging as the strongest predictor overall. Conversely, TR demonstrated a more selective pattern, emerging as a unique predictor within the value and usefulness model, which overall accounted for one quarter of the variance. These results imply that emotionally meaningful musical experiences can profoundly shape motivational appraisals during learning through movement. In terms of practical implications, the findings suggest that physical education instructors can deliberately implement aesthetic musical strategies to cultivate deeper educational purpose and student connection. This research provides context specific evidence validating that music can function far beyond temporary affect regulation to serve as a meaningful pedagogical catalyst for long term behavioral engagement in physical education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Music psychology
  topic: keywords
subject: physical education
  topic: keywords
subject: Eudaimonic Functions of Music Listening (EFML)
  topic: keywords
subject: Self Determination Theory (SDT)
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Joseph Lobo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Joseph Lobo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-05
publication date: 2026-06-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 17
doi: 10.37134/mjm.vol15.1.1.2026

The Origins of the Gambus (ʿŪd) in Malaysia: A Two-Channel Hypothesis of Ottoman Cultural Exchange and Hadrami Diaspora
type: item
description: The history of the gambus in Malaysia has long been framed through a “trade-route diffusion” model, which assumes Arab merchants introduced the instrument to Melaka as part of Indian Ocean exchange. While widely repeated, this narrative is speculative and unsupported by concrete organological or archival evidence. This study distinguishes between the Yemeni qanbūs—a shallow, slightly bowled lute—and the large-bodied, fretless, deep bowl-backed lute known in Malaysia as gambus. The latter is structurally consistent with the Ottoman and wider Arabic ʿūdtradition, although regional variants (Turkish, Arabic) are acknowledged. To avoid conflation, the article decouples instrumental history from performance practice. The dance tradition locally known as zapin (Arabic: zafin), characterised by rhythmic footwork, call-and-response singing, and devotional associations, likely entered the Malay world via Hadrami diaspora networks from the 16th century onwards. By contrast, the instrument paired with it resembles Ottoman/Arabic ʿūd models and plausibly arrived through channels of cultural diplomacy, gift exchange, and elite circulation in the 16th to the 18th centuries. This two-channel hypothesis—Hadrami-led transmission of performance practice, Ottoman-linked transmission of the instrument—presents a historically grounded alternative to the trade-route narrative. It reframes the gambus tradition as hybrid: socially Hadrami, structurally Ottoman-Arabic, and culturally localised within Malaysia’s musical heritage.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: gambus
  topic: keywords
subject: Hadrami diaspora
  topic: keywords
subject: organology
  topic: keywords
subject: Ottoman diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: zapin (zafin)
  topic: keywords
creator: Raja Zulkarnain Raja Mohd Yusof
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Raja Zulkarnain Raja Mohd Yusof https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-14
publication date: 2025-11-14
starting page: 41
ending page: 57
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.1.3.2025

Hybrid Instrumentation Strategy in Balinese Gamelan Performances: The Challenge of Retaining Sonic Identity
type: item
description: Hybrid instrumentation is relatively uncommon in Balinese gamelan performance. Conventionally, gamelan is performed using a complete acoustic ensemble of approximately 30 instruments; however, contemporary performances often involve 12 instruments or fewer due to limitations in performer availability. Reductions in ensemble size can affect ensemble balance, textural density, and sonic coherence. The incorporation of digital technologies, resulting in hybrid acoustic-digital configurations, has emerged as a practical response to these constraints. Despite its relevance, scholarly discussion of hybrid instrumentation in Balinese gamelan is limited, particularly in relation to developments in performing arts practice and music technology. This study examines how digital and acoustic instrumentation may be combined in Balinese gamelan performance while maintaining recognisable sonic features associated with established practice and cultural identity. Rather than proposing a fixed or prescriptive solution, it develops a practice-informed framework for hybrid performance. This framework considers instrumental roles, performer interaction, software mediation, sound equipment, and sound-engineering decisions in relation to the acoustic characteristics of performance spaces. Live performance is treated as the primary unit of analysis within a qualitative research design. Data generated through studio experimentation, simulation, and performance activity were complemented by interviews and literature. The study identifies three interrelated challenges in applying hybrid instrumentation: integrating digital technologies within established performance practices; maintaining Balinese gamelan sonic and cultural identity; and performers’ capacity to realise compositions consistent with embodied playing techniques, ensemble interaction, and idiomatic gamelan practice. These findings offer considerations intended to inform future hybrid gamelan experimentation without prescribing a …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Balinese gamelan performance
  topic: keywords
subject: digital-acoustic integration
  topic: keywords
subject: hybrid instrumentation
  topic: keywords
subject: practice-led research
  topic: keywords
subject: sonic and cultural identity
  topic: keywords
creator: I Ketut Ardana
creator: Carlos Miguel da Fonseca Horta
creator: Warananingtyas Palupi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 I Ketut Ardana, Miguel, Palupi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 73
ending page: 92
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.5.2025

Design, Development, and Evaluation of an Interactive Multimedia Resource for Teaching Kadazandusun Gong Music in Malaysia
type: item
description: In Malaysia, the Kadazandusun gong ensemble, locally known as sompogogungan, is a recognised form of indigenous musical heritage in the state of Sabah and has increasingly been introduced into formal and co-curricular school contexts, although its implementation is uneven. This study reports on the design and evaluation of an interactive multimedia instructional resource developed to support the teaching and learning of the Kadazandusun gong ensemble in educational settings. Guided by the ADDIE instructional design framework, the resource was structured through the organisation of core conceptual topics and performance-related content into clearly defined instructional units and learning outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaire-based evaluations conducted by specialists in music education and educational technology and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with educators/trainers and students following implementation in a school ensemble context. The findings show high ratings for instructional design criteria, content components, and learning outcomes, while learning activities received more moderate evaluations, pointing to areas requiring further refinement. Overall, the results suggest that the multimedia resource is appropriate for instructional use when implemented alongside hands-on ensemble practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: gong ensemble
  topic: keywords
subject: indigenous music
  topic: keywords
subject: instructional design
  topic: keywords
subject: interactive multimedia
  topic: keywords
subject: music education
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohd. Nizam Nasrifan
creator: Muhammad Solehudin Tukiman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Nizam Nasrifan, Muhammad Solehudin Tukiman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-27
publication date: 2025-12-27
starting page: 37
ending page: 53
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.3.2025

“Thaifying” Kodály: Developing an Applied Prototype Pedagogical Method for 7th-Grade Students in Thailand
type: item
description: This study focused on creating an applied prototype of a Kodály-based pedagogical method for 7th-grade students in the Thai education system and on evaluating its implementation in a school in Central Thailand. The research objectives were: 1) to develop Kodály-based lessons to improve students’ musicianship skills; 2) to analyse the learning process of students taught with this approach; 3) to gather students’ views on the method; and 4) to obtain feedback from music educators, academics, and experts on its applicability. The sample comprised 18 students and 15 respondents from the music education community. The findings showed clear improvement in musicianship skills, and students reported increased confidence and engagement, suggesting that Kodály-based instruction can help make complex concepts more accessible. Feedback from the specialist group affirmed the method’s suitability for strengthening foundational skills and its adaptability within Thai educational settings. The applied prototype incorporates culturally grounded components, including a locally composed Thai song and the use of Thai alphabet characters (ด–ร–ม–ซ–ล) in modified stick notation, together with a locally adapted quarter rest (yood). The study demonstrates how Kodály’s pedagogical principles may be reinterpreted through context-specific modifications and provides a model for culturally responsive music education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: culturally responsive pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: Kodály-adapted method
  topic: keywords
subject: music education in Thailand
  topic: keywords
subject: music pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: musicianship skills
  topic: keywords
creator: Wipawan Jumneanpan
creator: Narongchai Pidokrajt
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Wipawan Jumneanpan, Narongchai Pidokrajt https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 98
ending page: 114
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.1.6.2025

Effects of Instructional Models and Musical Creativity on Undergraduate Students’ Traditional Music Ability
type: item
description: This study examines differences and interaction effects among undergraduate students’ traditional music ability, instructional models, and musical creativity. A quantitative comparative design was employed with a sample of 36 students from the Department of Drama, Dance, and Music Arts at Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and assigned to an experimental group and a control group. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, box plots, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and two-way (2 × 2 factorial) ANOVA using Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP). The results indicate that students with high musical creativity achieved higher traditional music ability scores (M = 73.33, SD = 2.35) than those with low musical creativity (M = 62.78, SD = 4.76), F(1,16) = 35.567, p = 0.001, η² = 0.69. Students who received explicit instruction also attained higher traditional music ability scores than those taught using the conventional instructional model, with this difference most evident among students in the high-creativity group (M = 73.5 versus M = 61.0). The two-way ANOVA revealed significant main effects for musical creativity (p = 0.012) and instructional model (p = 0.001), as well as a significant interaction effect between the two factors (p = 0.001). Overall, the findings indicate that instructional approach and musical creativity jointly shape traditional music ability outcomes, with explicit instruction most effective among students with higher levels of creativity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: explicit instruction
  topic: keywords
subject: instructional models
  topic: keywords
subject: musical creativity
  topic: keywords
subject: traditional music ability
  topic: keywords
subject: undergraduate music students
  topic: keywords
creator: Syeilendra
creator: Budiwirman
creator: Firnando Sabetra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Syeilendra Syeilendra, Budiwirman Budiwirman, Firnando Sabetra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 15
ending page: 36
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.2.2025

Pendekatan Pergerakan Berirama dalam Pembelajaran Rekoder untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Emosi Murid Sekolah Rendah Berprestasi Akademik Rendah
type: item
description: Kajian ini bertujuan meneroka potensi integrasi pergerakan berirama dalam pembelajaran muzik rekoder sebagai pendekatan inovatif untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan emosi (EI), yang diukur melalui EQ (Emotional Quotient), dalam kalangan murid dengan tret masalah emosi serta berprestasi rendah. Kajian ini turut menyumbang kepada pembangunan intervensi pendidikan yang lebih komprehensif dan berkesan. Pendekatan campuran (mixed methods) digunakan dengan melibatkan 18 orang murid berprestasi akademik rendah (di bawah Tahap Penguasaan 2) dan memiliki tret masalah emosi. Data dikumpul melalui soal selidik ujian pra-pasca, pemerhatian, dan temu bual melibatkan tujuh orang peserta, dan dianalisis menggunakan ujian-t berpasangan serta analisis tematik. Intervensi melibatkan aktiviti muzik individu, berpasangan, dan berkumpulan selama empat jam, dengan fokus kepada elemen EQ seperti kesedaran kendiri, pengurusan kendiri, empati, kemahiran sosial, dan motivasi. Keputusan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam EQ murid berdasarkan ujian-t berpasangan (M pra = 6.11, M pasca = 6.95, p = 0.02). Pemerhatian dan temu bual menunjukkan perubahan tingkah laku positif seperti peningkatan interaksi sosial, penglibatan aktif, serta keupayaan bekerjasama. Murid yang pada awalnya pasif menunjukkan keyakinan dan semangat lebih tinggi, mewujudkan persekitaran pembelajaran yang kondusif. Dapatan membuktikan bahawa integrasi pergerakan berirama dalam permainan rekoder bukan sekadar pengalaman muzikal tetapi juga medium pedagogi efektif untuk membangunkan EI (sebagaimana tercermin dalam peningkatan skor EQ) dan meningkatkan pencapaian akademik murid. Selain jalinan reflektif dan kolaboratif, kajian ini turut menawarkan pendekatan intervensi relevan untuk pendidikan abad ke-21. Kajian lanjut disarankan untuk meneroka keberkesanan muzik ini dalam subjek teras seperti matematik, sains, dan bahasa, termasuk penggunaan teknologi.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: EQ
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogi muzik
  topic: keywords
subject: pendidikan muzik
  topic: keywords
subject: pergerakan berirama
  topic: keywords
subject: rekoder
  topic: keywords
creator: Md Jais Ismail
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Md Jais Ismail https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 58
ending page: 81
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.1.4.2025

Tracing the Saxophone’s Divergent Paths: Jazz Influence and Classical Repertoire Development
type: item
description: This study explores the saxophone’s complex role in music and investigates how it has come to be widely linked with jazz despite its extensive repertoire in classical and contemporary art genres. With over 29,000 non-pop works documented from 1844 to 2012 in Jean-Marie Londeix’s guide, the saxophone has a rich history beyond jazz. However, its jazz identity, shaped by icons like Charlie Parker, John Coltrane, Kenny G, and Joshua Redman, remains dominant. This paper traces the origins of the instrument’s strong association with jazz and examines influences from the 1840s onwards, namely military bands, vaudeville, and the saxophone “craze” in early 20th-century America. This study uses a mixed-methods approach and combines quantitative analysis of discographies with qualitative insights drawn from existing literature, including previously conducted surveys and interviews with saxophonists, composers, and audience members. Delimited to Western perspectives, particularly Europe and North America over the past two decades, the research assesses current uses and perceptions of the saxophone. By integrating historical context and contemporary artistic practices, this study offers a nuanced understanding of the saxophone’s evolving cultural significance and its versatility across musical genres.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: classical contemporary
  topic: keywords
subject: early recording industry
  topic: keywords
subject: jazz
  topic: keywords
subject: non-pop art music
  topic: keywords
subject: saxophone
  topic: keywords
creator: Chee Meng LOW
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Chee Meng LOW https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-28
publication date: 2025-06-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 18
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.1.1.2025

Creating Place: The Role of Festival, Kajarī Folk Songs, and Rituals in Mirzapur
type: item
description: This article examines the role of the Kajarī festival and folk songs in the socio-cultural lives of rural women in Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India. It explores how the festival provides a unique space for rural women to assert their autonomy within a patriarchal society. Through ethnographic fieldwork, including the documentation of rituals, folk songs, and cultural activities, this study analyses the Kajarī festival as a place-making process. It argues that women use the performative space of Kajarī songs to express themselves and their experiences using strategies rooted in their traditions and rituals. The paper concludes that the Kajarī festival and its songs function as a critical outlet for emotional expression, social interaction, and self-expression, offering women a form of agency within their rural context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kajarī festival
  topic: keywords
subject: place-making
  topic: keywords
subject: Ratjagā
  topic: keywords
subject: rural women
  topic: keywords
subject: self-expression
  topic: keywords
creator: Milan Chauhan
creator: Swasti Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Milan Chauhan, Swasti Mishra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-17
publication date: 2024-12-17
starting page: 62
ending page: 76
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.2.4.2024

A Delphi Study of Effective Practices for Determining the Competencies of Elementary Music Teachers
type: item
description: This study aims to determine the competencies essential for elementary music teachers by exploring effective practices and insights of experts in music education. Using a three-round Delphi method with twelve music education experts, the study collected and refined competencies across three stages. In Round 1, qualitative data were thematically analysed to identify competency domains. In Round 2, participants ranked these domains and competencies by importance, with agreement levels assessed using Kendall’s W. Round 3 sought consensus by allowing participants to review collective rankings and explanations. Results revealed seven key domains, with musical skills emerging as the most essential, with the ability to play an instrument being the most important competency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: competencies
  topic: keywords
subject: Delphi
  topic: keywords
subject: elementary teachers
  topic: keywords
subject: music education
  topic: keywords
subject: musical skills
  topic: keywords
creator: Benjie M. Manila
creator: Honey Bert G. Dayanan
creator: Gloria S. Santos
creator: Samuel A. Quiroz
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Benjie M. Manila, Honey Bert G. Dayanan, Gloria S. Santos, Samuel A. Quiroz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-11-17
publication date: 2024-11-17
starting page: 1
ending page: 21
doi: 10.37134/mjm.vol13.2.1.2024

Music Teachers’ Motivations, Competencies, and Challenges in Public Elementary Schools in Sorsogon City, Philippines
type: item
description: This study examines the motivations, self-reported competencies, and teaching challenges of music teachers in two central public elementary schools in Sorsogon City, Philippines. The findings indicate that intrinsic motivation, particularly a strong commitment to teaching and the desire to share musical knowledge, plays a central role in teachers’ continued engagement with music instruction. Teachers generally rated their competencies as satisfactory in relation to curriculum content and performance standards, instructional strategies, and the use of teaching materials, while also acknowledging the need for further professional development. The most significant challenges identified were the lack of reference materials, limited availability of musical instruments, and insufficient access to training programmes and seminars. Additional concerns included outdated instructional skills, inadequate time for developing complex musical abilities, and confusion surrounding aspects of the spiral curriculum. Overall, the findings suggest that although teachers demonstrate commitment and a foundational level of competence, constraints related to resources and structured professional learning opportunities limit the effectiveness of music instruction. This study contributes to discussions on music education in public elementary schools by emphasising the importance of professional development support and adequate instructional provision in strengthening music teaching and learning in resource-strapped contexts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: content standards
  topic: keywords
subject: music education
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher competence
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching challenges
  topic: keywords
creator: Shane D. Escalante
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shane D. Escalante https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-21
publication date: 2025-12-21
starting page: 1
ending page: 14
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.1.2025

Sindhènan Pêmatut in Surakarta-Style Karawitan: Vocal Decision-Making in Context-Dependent Garap
type: item
description: This study examines sindhènan pêmatut, the context-dependent adjustment of female vocal practice, in Surakarta-style karawitan (Central Javanese gamelan performance) as an adaptive mode of vocal garap (interpretive working-out in performance) that becomes operative when standard placement schemes and melodic conventions do not adequately fit the musical conditions of a gending or a formally structured gamelan piece. Rather than treating pêmatut as an aesthetic preference, the study frames it as a set of decisions through which pêsindhèn (female gamelan vocalists) maintain coherence across irregular forms and regular forms with atypical phrase organisation. The findings identify three interrelated dimensions of sindhènan pêmatut: 1) adjustment of wangsalan placement according to padhang-ulihan phrase function and cèngkok; 2) cèngkok-based adaptation shaped by rêbab garap, register, and balungan patterns such as ngadhal and nggantung; and 3) cakêpan-based substitution influenced by ensemble texture and gending theme. Overall, sindhènan pêmatut emerges as a context-dependent decision process that sustains vocal coherence when schematic conventions are insufficient.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Javanese gamelan
  topic: keywords
subject: performance practice
  topic: keywords
subject: Sindhènan pêmatut
  topic: keywords
subject: Surakarta-style karawitan
  topic: keywords
subject: vocal garap
  topic: keywords
creator: Ananto Sabdo Aji
creator: Muhammad Nur Salim
creator: Renaldi Lestianto Utomo Putro
creator: Sularso
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ananto Sabdo Aji, Muhammad Nur Salim, Renaldi Lestianto Utomo Putro, Sularso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 93
ending page: 113
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.6.2025

Digital Literacy and the Online Transmission of Lampung Music on YouTube
type: item
description: The expansion of Internet access and social media platforms has re-shaped modes of musical transmission in many local traditions. In Lampung, Indonesia, musicians increasingly use YouTube to share, document, and adapt regional music practices. This study examines how differences in digital literacy, often associated with distinctions between digital natives and digital immigrants, inform the transmission and mediation of Lampung music on YouTube. Focusing on 12 Lampung musicians who manage individual YouTube channels, the study explores how age, technological familiarity, and social media experience influence patterns of content production, dissemination, and engagement. A hybrid ethnographic approach that integrated on-site fieldwork with virtual observation was employed. Data from field notes, audio-visual materials, textual documents, online content, and relevant literature were analysed using NVivo12. The findings show that digital literacy plays a central role in effective channel management, content organisation, and audience reach. Musicians with higher levels of digital competence demonstrate a stronger capacity to adapt performance practices to platform-specific affordances and to engage in informal pedagogical dissemination. Overall, the results of the study point towards YouTube as a mediated space in which technological proficiency guides the contemporary transmission of Lampung music.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: digital literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Lampung traditional music
  topic: keywords
subject: music transmission
  topic: keywords
subject: social media and music
  topic: keywords
subject: YouTube ethnography
  topic: keywords
creator: Riyan Hidayatullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Riyan Hidayatullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-28
publication date: 2025-12-28
starting page: 54
ending page: 72
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.4.2025

Bincarung: Children’s Kawih Compositions Based on Sundanese Local Wisdom
type: item
description: Bincarung is a collection of children’s songs by Koko Koswara and M. O. Koesman. Both prominent Sundanese figures of their time, Koswara (or Mang Koko) is recognised as a key musical reformer, whereas Koesman is known for his work as an educator. The collection is intended for children in elementary school, specifically those in grades one to four. Each song is paired with a play activity and reflects both musical considerations and the verbal and physical elements involved in that activity. In composing the songs, Mang Koko and Koesman took into account the children’s developmental stage alongside the nature of the accompanying games. This attentiveness lends the repertoire a distinctive identity. The present study examines the musical composition of the songs included in Bincarung. A qualitative research design using a case study approach was employed. Data were gathered through interviews, a review of relevant literature, and an analysis of the Bincarung manuscript, including comparison of its notated material with existing cassette recordings. The study identifies several musical traits that characterise the collection, all shaped by pedagogical aims. These include: 1) vocal ranges appropriate for children; 2) the use of the salendro tuning system, which conveys a sense of happiness, cheerfulness, and liveliness; and 3) predominantly stepwise melodic motion, for example, tone da (1) to tone mi (2) and tone ti (4) to tone na (3).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bincarung
  topic: keywords
subject: Mang Koko
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical music composition
  topic: keywords
subject: Sundanese children's songs
  topic: keywords
subject: Sundanese music education
  topic: keywords
creator: Abizar Algifari Saiful
creator: Yudi Sukmayadi
creator: Juju Masunah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Abizar Algifari Saiful https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07
starting page: 82
ending page: 97
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.1.5.2025

The Impact of Popular Music on Primary Music Education: A Comparative Study of Chinese and Malaysian Teachers’ Perspectives
type: item
description: Malaysia has one of the most comprehensive Chinese language education systems outside China. Both Malaysia and China place great importance on music education to cultivate national pride and identity among students. However, students' preference for popular music often leads to decreased interest in conventional music education in the classroom. Moreover, some argue that the lyrics of popular songs can negatively influence students' values. This study explores and compares the views of music teachers in Zhengzhou, China, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, regarding the impact of popular music on student learning in school and their strategies for addressing potential challenges it presents in the classroom. While the 12 teachers interviewed agreed on the potential of popular music to engage students, they also acknowledged its drawbacks. Differences in their viewpoints are attributed to factors such as experience, school support, curriculum goals, individual backgrounds, and teaching abilities. Based on the findings, the study presents several recommendations to improve student learning outcomes while also addressing problems associated with the influence of popular music. These include comprehensive teacher training programmes, increased instructional time, greater social recognition of music education, and the continuous development of innovative teaching methods.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: China and Malaysia
  topic: keywords
subject: music education
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical approaches
  topic: keywords
subject: popular music
  topic: keywords
subject: teachers' perspectives
  topic: keywords
creator: Kai Ti Sun
creator: Kwan Yie Wong
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Kai Ti Sun, Kwan Yie Wong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 77
ending page: 98
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.2.5.2024

Factors Influencing Music Career Choice Among Malaysian Students: A Social Cognitive Career Theory Perspective
type: item
description: Careers in music have begun to gain attention within the Malaysian community. With formal music education available from primary to tertiary levels, students are increasingly likely to pursue music careers, a process that involves a series of cognitive and behavioural changes. Using Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) as a basis, semi-structured interviews were conducted in this study to identify cognitive, contextual, and affective attributes that influence music career choices in Malaysia. Thematic and socio-cultural analyses, supported by NVivo software, revealed several key factors: enthusiasm (cognitive), parental and environmental support (contextual), and spirituality (affective). These attributes are seen to greatly influence the tendency towards choosing a music career in the Malaysian context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cognitive, contextual, and affective factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Malaysian music education
  topic: keywords
subject: music career choices
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT)
  topic: keywords
subject: thematic analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Shamsul Amri Abdul Manap
creator: Adil Johan
creator: Mohd. Sobhi Ishak
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shamsul Amri Abdul Manap, Adil Johan, Mohd. Sobhi Ishak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-28
publication date: 2025-07-28
starting page: 19
ending page: 40
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol14.1.2.2025

Pianists’ Interpretive Insights: Exploring Hunt, Military, and Pastoral Motifs through Monelle’s Topic Theory
type: item
description: Topic theory in musicology examines how musical elements and structures convey emotions or topics in music. Despite its potential to provide a framework for understanding musical expression, topic theory has rarely been applied to piano pedagogy. This study aimed to explore participants’ perceptions of Raymond Monelle’s topic theory, specifically the hunt, military, and pastoral topics, in piano interpretation and teaching. Participants included six music lecturers from Chinese universities and nine university music students from Bulgaria, China, France, Germany, and the United States. Data was collected through a listening survey and semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. The listening survey used excerpts from Dussek’s La Chasse, C.146, Beethoven’s Piano Sonata in A Major, Op. 101, Second Movement, and Liszt’s Années de Pèlerinage, Première année - Suisse, No. 3, Pastorale. The results showed that more than half of the participants matched the selected topics with the musical excerpts, with some confusion between the hunt and military topics. All participants agreed that topic theory enriches the interpretation of piano pieces and provides a complementary method in piano pedagogy. Two main themes emerged regarding the application of topic theory in piano interpretation: enhanced expression and imagination. Participants also believed that topic theory could serve as an analytical framework for interpreting musical works and increase the musical knowledge of both teachers and students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: interpretation
  topic: keywords
subject: pianist
  topic: keywords
subject: Raymond Monelle
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching
  topic: keywords
subject: topic theory
  topic: keywords
creator: Ding Jin
creator: Chiew Hwa Poon
creator: Feng-Hsu Lee
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Ding Jin, Chiew Hwa Poon, Feng-Hsu Lee https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-11-18
publication date: 2024-11-18
starting page: 22
ending page: 43
doi: 10.37134/mjm.vol13.2.2.2024

Quiet Resonances of an Emergent Indigeneity: Sound, Silence, and Igorot Protest Performances in the Philippines
type: item
description: Soundscapes of piercing gangsa (flat gong) rhythmic patterns, political speeches blared on loudspeakers, and call-and-response chants that envelop renditions of traditional celebratory dances characterise street protests led by Igorot left-wing activists. Upholding militant activism as foundational to Igorot identity, these spectacular displays signify an Igorot sense of value for collectivism, sovereignty, and territorial defense, echoing long-established practices that have sounded community resistance to corporate aggression since the 1970s. Despite this history, many Igorots reject the practice. Performances by leftist Igorots in 2017 aggravated internal debates about politicising Igorot identity. This troubled many Igorot activists, particularly an elder who, since his teenage years, had witnessed Igorots confront corporate intrusion into their ancestral lands through deployments of traditional practices. In an existential crisis, he distanced himself from the normative “noise” of protests, staging a solo act that reaffirmed his identity as an Igorot activist yet also promised his acceptance by the broader Igorot public. Drawing from ethnographic evidence and adaptations of Abe’s (2016) insights on sound-silence relationalities and Tsing’s (2007) notion of “friction”—the traction and slippage of divergent indigeneities—I examine this duality, amplifying the weighty “silence” of the said activist’s militancy and its emergent meanings. Through this exercise of individual creativity, Indigeneity manifests as a contradictory phenomenon that transcends conventional associations about identity and its expression. This paper seeks to disrupt the tendency to homogenise Indigenous experience by unveiling its radical possibilities. I voice often-ignored musical lives that forge new trajectories of identity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: gangsa, Igorot, Indigeneity, left-wing activism, Philippine Indigenous music
  topic: keywords
creator: Lisa Decenteceo
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Lisa Decenteceo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-09
publication date: 2024-12-09
starting page: 44
ending page: 61
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.2.3.2024

Vocal Art in the Javanese Version of the Ramayana Epic by Raden Ngabehi Yasadipura
type: item
description: This study examines the vocal art in the Javanese adaption of the Ramayana, Serat Rama, authored by the 18th-century Central Javanese poet Raden Ngabehi Yasadipura. Employing Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutical approach, it explores the meaning and content of the work, including its musical elements. Analysis involved repeated readings and interpretations of the text at the word, sentence, and overall content levels. The findings of this study indicate that Serat Rama incorporates musical art through the inclusion of Javanese songs, specifically the macapat style. Out of the 11 types of macapat songs, nine are represented in Serat Rama: Maskumambang, Mijil, Sinom, Kinanthi, Asmaradana, Megatruh, Dhandanggula, Durma, and Pangkur. This study concludes that in Serat Rama, there are two educational elements: culturally insightful education and harmony education. The former is reflected in the carefully selected words forming song verses that communicate cultural insights. The latter is evident in the harmonious structure of the songs, where sentences are divided into two phrases to allow singers to pause and maintain harmony. In Javanese song theory, this concept of harmony is known as "padang-ulihan.”
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: education
  topic: keywords
subject: Ramayana
  topic: keywords
subject: Serat Rama
  topic: keywords
subject: tembang
  topic: keywords
subject: Yasadipura
  topic: keywords
creator: Cipto Budy Handoyo
creator: Suwardi Endraswara
creator: Birul Walidaini
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Cipto Budy Handoyo, Suwardi Endraswara, Birul Walidaini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 99
ending page: 111
doi: 10.37134/mjm.vol13.2.6.2024

Enhancing Joint Attention Skills in a Child with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC):
type: item
description: Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder that causes benign tumors, or hamartomas, in various organs, including the brain. These tumors can lead to seizures and epilepsy, which impact the brain's neural circuits and are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (TAND) such as autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and various behavioral, academic, and psychosocial difficulties. Due to these neurodevelopmental challenges, children with TSC often experience social communication delays, particularly in joint attention skills. Music therapy has been found to improve joint attention in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but its effectiveness in children with TSC has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of music therapy on joint attention skills in an 8-year-old child with TSC, using an ABAB single-case design. The study involved six baseline sessions and eleven music intervention sessions, which included singing, instrumental playing, and movement with music. Joint attention skills were assessed using the SCERTS Model, specifically the SAP-Report Form (SAP-R) and SAP-Observation Form (SAP-O). The results showed that during the baseline phases, the child’s joint attention skills had a mean score of 1.57 in the first baseline and 1.64 in the second. During the intervention phases, these scores increased to 1.85 and 1.93, respectively. The findings suggest that music therapy interventions effectively improve joint attention skills in children with TSC.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: joint attention skills
  topic: keywords
subject: music therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
  topic: keywords
creator: Nikie Wong Zhi Qin
creator: Asst. Prof. Dr. Natee Chiengchana
creator: Asst. Prof. Dr. Ni-on Tayrattanachai
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Nikie Wong Zhi Qin, Asst. Prof. Dr. Natee Chiengchana, Asst. Prof. Dr. Ni-on Tayrattanachai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-10-02
publication date: 2024-10-02
starting page: 43
ending page: 56
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.1.4.2024

Chinese Local Children's Piano Enlightenment Works -
type: item
description: This study explores the evolution of Chinese local children's piano enlightenment works, focusing on the balance between tradition and innovation. Chinese piano music, deeply rooted in traditional culture and modern piano techniques, holds significant artistic value. Early 20th century initiatives by Xiao Youmei and Zakharoff established a foundation for systematic piano education in China, while competitions such as Tcherepnin's in the 1930s spurred the creation of child-centric piano pieces. Despite interruptions during the Cultural Revolution, post-1980s reforms and the advent of the new millennium have led to a resurgence in culturally responsive piano education materials. These materials often integrate folk tunes and traditional operas, addressing the need for aesthetic appreciation and cultural relevance in children's musical education. The essay highlights the importance of localized piano education in nurturing young learners' appreciation for national music and ensuring the continuity of Chinese piano traditions. It also addresses the challenges posed by traditional teaching methods, the scarcity of culturally relevant repertoire, and the impact of digital technology on piano pedagogy, proposing a blended approach to foster creativity and cultural understanding. Through qualitative research and score analysis, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development and the current status of children's piano education in China, offering insights into more effective and culturally aligned teaching methodologies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: children
  topic: keywords
subject: Chinese
  topic: keywords
subject: music works
  topic: keywords
subject: piano
  topic: keywords
subject: piano pedagogy
  topic: keywords
creator: Anqi Wang
creator: Yew Yoong Chong
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Anqi Wang, Yew Yoong Chong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-10-21
publication date: 2024-10-21
starting page: 79
ending page: 93
doi: 10.37134/mjm.vol13.1.6.2024

Financial Challenges in Music and Dance-Based Interventions for Older Adults:
type: item
description: Older adults can benefit from the addition of music and dance-based programs to their care. Music and dance-based interventions are a diverse approach to address the unique needs of older people. However, aged care centre and older people are less willing to put in money for such programs. This paper examines the financial issues that surround the provision of music and dance-based interventions for older adults. Systematic search of literature retrieval on Scopus Elsevier, data extraction, and study selection were carried out. After conducting a systematic search on Scopus Elsevier, this paper retrieved 512 publications. Then, after a meticulous screening process and only five publications were suitable for analysis. Thematic analysis categorized into music and dance-based interventions for discussion. Developing and sustaining music and dance-based care programs for older people requires financial resources, such as investment and funding coverage. Dance-based interventions offer potential benefits for older adults; such as improving participation and motivation for rehabilitation in older adults, while music-based intervention helps ease cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: financial
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: music and dance-based interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: older adults
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic review
  topic: keywords
creator: Anna Che Azmi
creator: Kai Hong Ooi
creator: Suhaily Shahimi
creator: Norazlin Ab Aziz
creator: Shafaatussara binti Silahudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Anna Che Azmi, Kai Hong Ooi, Suhaily Shahimi, Norazlin Ab Aziz, Shafaatussara binti Silahudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-11
publication date: 2024-06-11
starting page: 30
ending page: 42
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.1.3.2024

Mapping and Digitizing Sarawak Bioacoustic for Soundscape Composition:
type: item
description: The entirety of sounds that can be heard at any particular time and place is referred to as the soundscape. Similar to how a landscape presents itself visually, one way to think of a soundscape is as the way the listener's surroundings show themselves through sound. Terminology such as sound ecology, bioacoustics, electroacoustic music and musical composition of sound art is something that is still a novel concept in Malaysia. In Malaysia, the genre of soundscape composition is relatively new. This research is conducted and mainly inspired by the World Soundscape Project by R. Murray Schafer. The World Soundscape Project is to foster awareness of sounds and to promote the importance of soundscape and nature. Hence, this concept was applied in this research in text by conducting soundscape research in Bako National Park, Sarawak. The purpose of this research was to record the acoustic environment as a case study of soundscape composition which leads to composing a musical piece of soundscape composition in the perspective of recognizable environmental sounds. Soundwalk methods was applied in this research to create documentation on database of sounds recorded of bioacoustics and soundscape environment in Bako National Park. Purposive sampling technique and focus group discussion were applied in this research whereas groups of students were selected to evaluate their appreciation of composed soundscape. In conclusion, this research shows that soundscape compositions can improve ecological awareness, build a sense of connection, and promote the value of taking care of the environment through thorough listening and thought.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: soundscape
  topic: keywords
subject: soundscape composition
  topic: keywords
creator: Hellenda Harmon
creator: Hasnizam Abdul Wahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Hellenda Harmon, Hasnizam Abdul Wahid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-10-20
publication date: 2024-10-20
starting page: 57
ending page: 78
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.1.5.2024

The Differences in 21st-Century 4C Skills Among Diverse University Choirs in China
type: item
description: Choir singing originated from the choir of Christian churches in medieval Europe and first appeared in the 1st century. However, the focus of choir education had long been on musical knowledge, neglecting the cultivation of practical skills, resulting in variations in skill performance. In the 21st century, choir singing flourished, particularly in Chinese universities. Aligned with modern educational trends, choir singing aimed to foster students' 4C skills: critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration. Music educators gradually emphasized skill development, recognizing it as essential for students' future lives and careers. Nevertheless, the cultivation of these 4C skills remained at a preliminary stage, with varying understandings of skills across different universities leading to differing skill levels among choir ensemble students. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the disparities in the development of 4C skills among choir ensemble students from diverse Chinese universities. Three universities of different types were selected for the study, and a quantitative approach was employed through a case study to examine the differences in students' 4C skill development in the 21st century. Because most of the research was qualitative. Researchers distributed an online survey to all students in the music school's choir ensembles of the three universities, collecting a total of 220 valid responses. The analysis revealed that students in universities with a stronger musical emphasis exhibited a positive attitude towards skill cultivation and development. These findings provided valuable insights for the future of diverse forms of choir music education in terms of skill development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: choir singing
  topic: keywords
subject: collaboration
  topic: keywords
subject: communication
  topic: keywords
subject: creativity
  topic: keywords
subject: critical thinking
  topic: keywords
creator: NAIXUE BAO
creator: YI-LI CHANG
creator: KU WING CHEONG
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 NAIXUE BAO, YI-LI CHANG, KU WING CHEONG https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-05-08
publication date: 2024-05-08
starting page: 1
ending page: 17
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.1.1.2024

Pythagorean Music Theory and Its Application in Renaissance Architectural Design
type: item
description: This article concerns Alberti's approach to architectural design integrates Pythagorean consonance ratios from music theory, not by direct application but as a conceptual guide for aesthetic ratios in buildings. He expands spatial dimensions using methods derived from past artisans, adhering to and building upon the foundational consonance ratios. While applying these two-number proportions to width and length poses no problem, calculating height in a three-dimensional space requires a three-number proportion. Alberti resolves this issue by adopting the mean value strategy from music theory, where the mean is typically the middle value in an octave ratio, to determine the height in the spatial configuration. Alberti advocates for architects to leverage the insights of skilled artisans. However, his own architectural work demonstrates deviations from his theoretical principles. This study highlights Alberti's application of musical intervals such as the major and minor thirds, sixths, and sevenths, which were not traditionally emphasized in the musical science of the quadrivium, focused primarily on octaves, fifths, and fourths. These choices reflect the broader evolution of music during the 15th century, marking a shift towards "practical music" and signaling music's departure from the liberal arts to become a significant element of the fine arts, showcasing the influence of Pythagorean consonance in European music and arts through the 16th century. Thus, this article reflects the interactions between music and architecture of knowledge received from ancient Greek civilization in the Renaissance. The art of music in this period is founded on the philosophy and knowledge of Pythagoras.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: application
  topic: keywords
subject: architectural design
  topic: keywords
subject: music theory
  topic: keywords
subject: Pythagorean principle
  topic: keywords
subject: Renaissance
  topic: keywords
creator: Sasi Pongsarayuth
creator: Suphot Manalapanacharoen
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sasi Pongsarayuth, Suphot Manalapanacharoen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-05-24
publication date: 2024-05-24
starting page: 18
ending page: 29
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol13.1.2.2024

Calung Banyumasan:
type: item
description: The music of the Banyumas region in west Central Java contains a complex blend of cultural influences, spurred on by the influence of neighbouring regions, the institutionalisation of Javanese classical music and the spread of recording technology. The bamboo calung ensemble is viewed as traditional; however, most of the standard techniques, instruments and forms are relatively modern. Specifically due to this artificiality and resultant flexibility, the musical techniques that have become standard practice in calung can be used as a lens through which to view local identity and representation in a borderland culture. The music played by the calung ensemble distinguishes itself from the court music of Yogyakarta and Surakarta, while drawing on its techniques as a means for development. Elements of Sundanese music become forces for inspiration in the context of entertainment and commercialism, with expert musicians preferring incorporation above imitation. Calung thus acts as a site for the assertion of Banyumas cultural identity. Through interviews and musical analysis, the authors claim that Banyumas is not merely a blend of surrounding cultures, but rather a distinct sub-cultural group.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bamboo music
  topic: keywords
subject: Banyumas
  topic: keywords
subject: borderland
  topic: keywords
subject: calung
  topic: keywords
subject: Javanese
  topic: keywords
creator: Sean Hayward
creator: Darno Kartawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Sean Hayward, Darno Kartawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-26
publication date: 2023-12-26
starting page: 61
ending page: 75
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol12.2.4.2023

Gender Differences in the Function of Music for Emotion Regulation Development in Everyday Life:
type: item
description: The present study employed experience sampling methodology (ESM) to examine the role of music in regulating emotions and the potential differences in music usage for emotion regulation between men and women in everyday life. The study spanned over seven days, including both weekdays and weekends, during which 28 participants (14 men and 14 women) were asked to complete a brief questionnaire 21 times a day. The questionnaire aimed to document instances of music listening in the past three hours, resulting in a total of 588 questionnaires being sent and 264 instances of music listening being analysed. Results indicate that listening to music in daily life may have a positive impact on emotion regulation and suggest possible differences in music usage between men and women for this purpose. The study's primary findings include: (1) Relaxation was the most commonly used strategy for regulating emotions with music; (2) Four primary mechanisms of music usage for emotion regulation, including emotion type, familiarity, and content of music, were found to be essential; (3) Listening to music was an effective emotion regulation strategy, particularly for regulating happiness and peacefulness; (4) Men were more likely to use music for active coping and to consider the type and content of music when selecting music; and (5) Music appeared to regulate the intensity of emotions similarly for both men and women, although men tended to report higher emotional intensity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: emotion regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: gender differences
  topic: keywords
subject: music listening
  topic: keywords
subject: strategies and mechanisms
  topic: keywords
creator: Aini Azeqa Ma’rof
creator: Zheng Danhe
creator: Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Aini Azeqa Ma’rof, Zheng Danhe, Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-29
publication date: 2023-12-29
starting page: 76
ending page: 94
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol12.2.5.2023

Kidung:
type: item
description: Hindu religious ceremonies continue to be performed in Bali throughout the ages. A ceremony cannot be completed perfectly without the presence of the Kidung (hymn/sacred song), an integral component that cannot be separated. The implementation of the Yadnya ceremony is connected to the ceremony’s purpose. Panca Yadnya refers to these five types of ceremonies, divided by domain into Dewa Yadnya (ceremonies for Gods), Bhuta Yadnya (ceremonies for Bhutakala/demon), Rsi Yadnya (ceremonies for Mahaguru, Rsi, or parents/teachers), Pitra Yadnya (ceremonies for the deceased), and Manusa Yadnya (ceremonies for human’s life). The selection of the type of Kidung (hymn) adapts to the five domains of the relevant Yadnya, considering the various types of Kidung with text selection for context. Several supporting factors refer to the concept of tatwa, morals, and procedures both philosophically, technically, and contextually. The Kidung is sung with full regard for propriety, which is believed to strengthen the spiritual ascent in achieving sidakarya and sidapurnanya (perfectly done) by performing the Yadnya ceremony as an expression of offerings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kidung
  topic: keywords
subject: Hindu temple performances in Bali
  topic: keywords
subject: sacred music
  topic: keywords
subject: Yadnya
  topic: keywords
creator: Desak Made Suarti Laksmi
creator: I Wayan Sudirana
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Desak Made Suarti Laksmi, I Wayan Sudirana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-17
publication date: 2023-12-17
starting page: 18
ending page: 34
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol12.2.2.2023

Investigating the Roles of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Music Education:
type: item
description: Despite the growing recognition of the importance of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in music education, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding the precise nature of its role and how it contributes to effective teaching and learning. The objective of this systematic literature review is to examine and synthesize existing research on the roles of teachers' PCK in music education. Specifically, the study aims to explore how the PCK of music educators influences their teaching strategies, curriculum development, student engagement, and assessment practices. The research seeks to examine how these roles may vary across different scenarios and the implications of these variations for teaching and learning, especially in the context of music education across various educational settings. By synthesizing findings from diverse educational levels and cultural contexts, this review seeks to offer profound insights into the optimization of music education across various educational settings. The study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The analysis focused on the research question and identified themes related to the PCK in music education. The analysis revealed four emerging themes: understanding of music concepts, pedagogical strategies, student-centered teaching approaches, and assessment practices. These findings provide insights into effective practices for music curriculum designers and instructors in designing and developing strategies in teaching and learning in music education. These insights can inform the development of effective teaching strategies, curriculum design, and assessment practices in music education, ultimately enhancing the quality of instruction and learning experiences for students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: music education
  topic: keywords
subject: Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK)
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Shahazwan Mat Yusoff
creator: Anwar Farhan Mohd Marzaini
creator: Muhammad Hafiz Hassan
creator: Noorhayati Zakaria
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Shahazwan Mat Yusoff, Anwar Farhan Mohd Marzaini, Muhammad Hafiz Hassan, Noorhayati Zakaria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-29
publication date: 2023-12-29
starting page: 95
ending page: 114
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol12.2.6.2023

Problems and Expectations of Students Regarding the Management of Learning in the Subjects of Thai Music Theory and History within the Thai Undergraduate Music Education Curriculum
type: item
description: This research aimed to investigate the problems and expectations of students regarding the management of learning in the subjects of Thai music theory and history within the Thai undergraduate music education curriculum. The exploratory and descriptive research methodology was employed. The data was collected from 103 students who enrolled in the Thai Music Education curriculum at the undergraduate level. Instruments include a documentary analysis form, and an online questionnaire (Google Form). The results showed that: (1) teaching method was lecture-based, resulting in disengaged learning and limited knowledge acquisition; (2) content was the lack of clear delineation between the content of the two subjects; in many cases, instructors mixed Thai music theory with Thai music history which made students confused and mis-concept; (3) instructional media failed to captivate students and did not facilitate comprehensive learning; (4) instructional materials, each university had different approaches to managing its teaching resources, which were both uninteresting and overly academic; and (5) context consists of the diversity of students, assignments, classroom conditions, and instructor’s preparedness. From the results, this research proposes the guideline for the management of learning in Thai music theory and history through Outcome-based education (OBE) and a blended learning approach that can apply to traditional music teaching which is familiar with the Thai culture.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: blended learning
  topic: keywords
subject: music education
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome-based education
  topic: keywords
subject: Thai music history
  topic: keywords
subject: Thai music learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Thai music theory
  topic: keywords
creator: Weerakit Suwanphithak
creator: Chalermpan Ruwicha
creator: Yootthana Chuppunnarat
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Weerakit Suwanphithak, Chalermpan Ruwicha, Yootthana Chuppunnarat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-05
publication date: 2023-12-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 17
doi: 10.37134//mjm.vol12.2.1.2023