THE EFFECTS OF FEEDBACK FREQUENCIES AMONG CHILDREN ON MOTOR LEARNING SKILL ACQUISITION (78 - 86)

Abstract

Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 3(1): 78–86, 2015 - The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 100% feedback frequencies, 65% of feedback frequencies and bandwidth feedback on overhand throwing skill among children and motivation of the children during practices. 60 of female students from range of aged 10 to 11 years old are participated in this study (age: M=10.53 years/SD=.503, weight: M=29.11/SD3.08, height=126.68/3.04). All participants practiced 60 trials of overhand throwing accuracy task and the motivation of the participant had been measured by using Intrinsic Motivation Inventory Questionnaire (IMI) (r=0.59). Participants were randomly assigned into three group 100% feedback, 65% feedback and bandwidth feedback groups. Learning was inferred from the performance on the delayed (24-hour) retention. To analyze the data, we use mixed-between ANOVA for practice phases, One Way ANOVA for retention test and correlation analysis to measure the relationship between feedback frequencies and motivation. There was no significant result between group (F (2, 57) =.286, p= .752) during practices, there is a significant difference on retention test phase (p<.004) and there was negative relationship between all feedback frequencies and motivation (100%: r=-.388, p<0.91), 65%: r =-.232, p < 0.24, & bandwidth feedback 100%: r = -.507, p <.023). In conclusion, to optimize motor learning, Children may require more practice trials with feedback in order to form a more accurate and stable internal representation of a motor skill and increased the motivation.

Keywords: Knowledge of Result, IMI