KEPIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL PENGETUA: PERBANDINGAN ANTARA SEKOLAH MENENGAH AWAM DAN SWASTA CEMERLANG

PRINCIPALS’ TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP:COMPARISON BETWEEN EXCELLENCE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS

Abstract

Tujuan kajian adalah untuk melihat perbandingan amalan kepimpinan transformasional pengetua antara sekolah menengah awam dan swasta yang cemerlang. Populasi kajian terdiri daripada guru-guru dan pengetua dari lapan buah sekolah menengah awam dan swasta cemerlang yang terletak di Selangor dan Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur dan Putrajaya. Seramai 280 orang guru dan empat orang pengetua terlibat sebagai responden. Reka bentuk kajian adalah gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Kaedah kuantitatif menggunakan satu set soal selidik 32 item tentang amalan kepimpinan transformasional dan transaksional. Manakala kaedah kualitatif menggunakan soalan temu bual separa struktur yang dibina berdasarkan dapatan soal selidik tinjauan berkenaan. Data-data telah dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensi. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa tahap amalan kepimpinan transformasional pengetua di kedua-dua jenis sekolah berada pada tahap tinggi, manakala tahap amalan kepimpinan transaksional berada pada tahap rendah. Namun begitu wujud perbezaan amalan kepimpinan transformasional pengetua antara dua jenis institusi ini. Pengetua sekolah menengah awam memberi fokus kepada semua lima dimensi kepimpinan transformasional manakala pengetua sekolah menengah swasta lebih menjurus kepada tiga dimensi sahaja. Dapatan temu bual menunjukkan bahawa sekolah menengah awam lebih kepada memenuhi tanggungjawab sosial kerajaan manakala sekolah menengah swasta lebih kepada entiti perniagaan yang berorientasi keuntugan.

The purpose of the study was to see a comparison of principal transformational leadership practices between public and private schools of excellence. The study population consisted of teachers and principals from eight public and private high schools that are excellent in Selangor and the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. A total of 280 teachers and four principals were involved as respondents. Research design was a combination of quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative method using a questionnaire contains 32 items of transformational and transactional leadership practice . The qualitative method using semi- structure interview questions were built based on the findings of survey questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the level of transformational leadership practices of principals in both types of schools was high while the level of transactional leadership was low. But there was a difference of transformational leadership practices of principals between these two institutions. Public secondary school principals were focused on all five dimensions of transformational leadership while private secondary school principals were inclined to only three dimensions. Interview data revealed that public schools are more inclined to meet social responsibility set by goverment whereas private schoosl are more for business orientation.