Keperluan Kawalan Pencemaran Udara di Malaysia: Kesan Pembakaran Terbuka, Pelepasan Industri, Pengangkutan, Pertanian, dan Asap Rokok
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/perspektif.vol16.1.3.2024Keywords:
pembakaran terbuka, pelepasan industri, pengangkutan, pertanian, asap rokok, pencemaran udara, kawalanAbstract
Dunia kini menghadapi pelbagai cabaran alam sekitar. Tanah yang sihat, bekalan makanan bersih dan segar, dan air dan udara bersih hanyalah sebahagian daripada keperluan asas yang membolehkan manusia hidup. Namun dengan populasi yang semakin meningkat dan permintaan manusia terhadap sumber berharga bumi, pencemaran udara telah menjadi masalah berterusan di banyak negara di rantau Asia Tenggara, dan Malaysia adalah antara yang paling teruk terjejas. Oleh itu, memahami kesedaran tentang punca pencemaran udara adalah penting untuk memaklumkan pendekatan paling efektif kepada kerajaan untuk menangani masalah ini. Kajian ini membentangkan tinjauan keratan rentas yang dijalankan di Lembah Klang (iaitu Selangor dan Kuala Lumpur) untuk mengkaji persepsi dan pendapat penduduk Malaysia terhadap punca pencemaran udara iaitu pembakaran terbuka, pelepasan industri, pengangkutan, pertanian, dan asap rokok. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa pembakaran terbuka, pelepasan industri, pengangkutan, pertanian, dan asap rokok merupakan punca kepada pencemaran udara. Daripada 207 responden, secara keseluruhannya, majoriti responden sedar bahawa pembakaran terbuka merupakan punca utama pencemaran. Implikasi menunjukkan keperluan untuk tindakan untuk menyebarkan kesedaran tentang pencemaran udara kepada keseluruhan penduduk, terutamanya berkaitan dengan risiko kesihatannya, serta strategi untuk meningkatkan persepsi kawalan tingkah laku, terutamanya berkaitan pembakaran terbuka, pelepasan industri, pengangkutan, pertanian, dan asap rokok.
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