Sorotan Naratif ChatGPT dalam Pendidikan: Peluang, Cabaran dan Kebimbangan Etika
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/ejoss.vol11.sp2.6.2025Keywords:
ChatGPT, kecerdasan buatan, pendidikan tinggi, pengajaran dan pembelajaran, integriti akademik, pemikiran kritis, pembelajaran diperibadikan, etikaAbstract
Kehadiran ChatGPT dalam dunia teknologi maklumat telah mencetuskan minat yang mendalam dalam kalangan pendidik dalam pendidikan tinggi. Ia merangsang berbagai perdebatan berkaitan tentang faedah, cabaran dan implikasi penggunaan ChatGPT dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran di institusi pengajian tinggi. Bagi memenuhi perdebatan ini, kajian sistematik ini telah dilaksanakan dengan meneliti sebanyak 82 penerbitan artikel dalam pangkalan data Scopus antara tempoh Januari 2023 hingga Januari 2025. Empat isu teras yang menjadi fokus kajian dan perbincangan artikel penyelidikan ilmiah dalam tempoh berkenaan adalah potensi ChatGPT dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran yang diperibadikan, keupayaan memberikan maklum balas segera yang mempercepatkan tugas pentadbiran, sokongan dalam meningkatkan penyelidikan dan penciptaan kandungan bahan pembelajaran. Isu-isu utama yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan ChatGPT dalam pendidikan adalah seperti kebimbangan integriti akademik, risiko penurunan elemen pemikiran kritis dalam kalangan pelajar kerana terlalu bergantung ChatGPT, dan potensi maklumat salah atau maklumat berat sebelah daripada kandungan yang dijana AI. Implikasi kajian literatur ini mencadangkan pengubalan dasar yang disokong oleh garis panduan etika serta perlaksanaan latihan khusus untuk kedua-dua pendidik dan pelajar. Usaha-usaha ini perlu dilakukan bagi memastikan penggunaan ChatGPT yang bertanggungjawab dan berkesan dalam pembelajaran dan pengajaran.
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