Kompetensi Digital Guru Sebagai Teras Transformasi Pendidikan Abad Ke-21
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/ejoss.vol12.sp2.4.2026Keywords:
Kompetensi digital guru, Model Rubach dan Lazarides, Dasar Pendidikan Digital, Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan MalaysiaAbstract
Era digital telah mengubah ekosistem pendidikan global serta menuntut profesion keguruan untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi (ICT). Dalam konteks Malaysia, pembangunan kompetensi digital dalam kalangan guru menjadi keperluan asas bagi memastikan keberkesanan pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan, inovasi pedagogi dan pembelajaran abad ke-21 serta penggunaan ICT secara profesional. Pelaksanaan Dasar Pendidikan Digital Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia memperkukuh usaha negara dalam melahirkan pendidik yang berdaya digital, selaras dengan aspirasi Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia dan Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari 4. Artikel ini menghuraikan konsep dan teori kompetensi digital guru berdasarkan Model Kepercayaan Kompetensi Asas ICT Guru oleh Rubach dan Lazarides yang menekankan enam elemen utama kompetensi digital. Selain itu, artikel ini mensintesiskan 10 kajian empirikal terkini iaitu lima di Malaysia dan lima antarabangsa bagi menilai perkembangan dan cabaran kompetensi digital guru. Berdasarkan analisis literatur, artikel ini mencadangkan satu model konseptual pembangunan guru digital yang sejajar dengan dasar pendidikan nasional dan agenda global. Artikel ini membawa implikasi yang ketara di peringkat antarabangsa dan nasional. Di peringkat global, ia menyelaraskan pembangunan kompetensi digital guru dengan piawaian UNESCO dan memperluaskan model kompetensi digital Rubach dan Lazarides. Ia juga menyediakan asas untuk perbandingan merentas negara yang mengukuhkan transformasi digital merentas sistem pendidikan. Di peringkat nasional, penemuan ini memberi panduan strategik kepada Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia dalam melaksanakan pembangunan profesional yang berbeza di bawah Dasar Pendidikan Digital dan dalam memperkukuh peranan pengetua dalam memupuk budaya sekolah digital. Dapatan ini menyokong perancangan berpandukan data dalam Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia serta memperkukuh usaha melahirkan guru mahir digital yang bersedia menghadapi cabaran masa depan.
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