Etika Sebagai Teras Literasi AI: Analisis Literasi, Efikasi Kendiri Dan Kompetensi Ai Pelajar Matrikulasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/ejoss.vol12.sp2.7.2026Keywords:
SJT, Literasi AI, Etika AI, Efikasi Kendiri AI, MatrikulasiAbstract
Perkembangan AI telah memacu pendidikan menuntut penguasaan literasi AI sebagai kemahiran utama abad ke-21. Dalam konteks Program Matrikulasi Malaysia, pelajar perlu bersedia menghadapi pembelajaran berasaskan AI sebagai asas menuju ke peringkat universiti dan dunia kerja digital. Penggunaan AI dalam pendidikan telah mencetuskan isu kebergantungan berlebihan yang mencabar integriti akademik dan keupayaan berfikir secara kritis. Fenomena ini memerlukan penguasaan literasi AI. Namun kajian mengenai tahap literasi AI pelajar matrikulasi masih terhad. Kekurangan ini menimbulkan kebimbangan terhadap potensi penyalahgunaan AI serta cabaran dalam penggunaan beretika. Kajian ini bertujuan mengukur tahap literasi AI pelajar matrikulasi dan menganalisis hubungan etika AI dengan efikasi kendiri AI dan kompetensi AI. Kajian tinjauan berbentuk deskriptif digunakan melibatkan 355 pelajar dari sebuah kolej matrikulasi menggunakan instrumen MAILS. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pelajar mempunyai literasi AI yang tinggi, begitu juga etika AI, kompetensi dan efikasi kendiri AI. Analisis Spearman menunjukkan etika AI berkorelasi kuat dengan efikasi kendiri AI dan kompetensi AI, menandakan bahawa peningkatan kesedaran etika seiring dengan peningkatan keyakinan dan kecekapan penggunaan AI. Kajian terhad kepada sebuah kolej matrikulasi dan menggunakan soal selidik skala Likert lima mata bagi mengukur etika, yang berisiko bias keinginan sosial. Kajian ini menyarankan agar sampel diperluaskan merentas beberapa kolej dan memperkukuh pengukuran etika menggunakan instrumen psikometrik yang mantap seperti Situational Judgment Test (SJT). Akhir sekali, bentuk pentaksiran di kolej matrikulasi wajar ditinjau semula bagi mengelakkan kebergantungan pelajar sepenuhnya terhadap AI, yang boleh menjejaskan perkembangan pemikiran aras tinggi. Penilaian hendaklah beralih daripada menilai produk akhir semata-mata kepada proses pembelajaran bermakna, beretika dan menekankan keaslian pemikiran pelajar dalam penggunaan AI.
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has positioned AI literacy as a critical twenty-first-century skill in education. Within the Malaysian Matriculation Programme, students must be prepared to engage with AI-based learning as a foundation for higher education and the digital workforce. However, increasing reliance on AI in educational contexts has raised concerns regarding academic integrity and critical thinking, highlighting the importance of ethical AI literacy. Despite this, empirical evidence on AI literacy among matriculation students remains limited. This study aims to examine the level of AI literacy among matriculation students and to analyse the relationships between AI ethics, AI self-efficacy, and AI competence. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 355 students from a matriculation college, using the Meta AI Literacy Scale (MAILS). The findings indicate that students reported high levels of AI literacy, including AI ethics, AI competence, and AI self-efficacy. Spearman correlation analysis revealed strong positive associations between AI ethics and both AI self-efficacy and AI competence, suggesting that higher ethical awareness is associated with greater confidence and proficiency in AI use. This study is limited by its single-institution sample and the use of a five point Likert-type items to measure AI ethics, which may be subject to social desirability bias. Future research should involve multiple matriculation colleges and employ more robust psychometric approaches, such as Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs), to better capture ethical decision-making in AI use instead of self-report.
KEYWORDS: SJT, AI Literacy, AI Ethics, AI Self-Efficacy, Matriculation
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