Investigating The Use of Digital Design Software in Adopting 21st-Century Learning Skills (PAK21) for The Improvement of Malaysian Fashion Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/bitara.vol19.sp.1.2026Keywords:
Digital Design Software, 21st Century Learning Skills (PAK21), Fashion Education, SDG 4 Quality EducationAbstract
The fast shift to digital technology in education and fashion shows the need to include digital design tools in Malaysian fashion training programs. However, these technologies are not widely used. This limits their ability to teach skills for the 21st century (PAK21). This study looks at how digital design software can improve PAK21 skills and teaching in Malaysian fashion colleges. This study reviewed existing research that included national education policies, technical and vocational education strategies (TVET), PAK21 implementation, and studies on digital tools in fashion education locally and globally. The results show that these tools help develop important PAK21 skills such as creativity, critical thinking, teamwork, digital literacy, and environmental awareness. But challenges exist. These include poor infrastructure, unaligned curricula, lack of teacher training, and a gap between policies and classroom realities. The study concludes that digital design programs can be valuable. Success depends on changing curricula, ongoing teacher training, and strong support from institutions. Our findings emphasise the importance of matching digital teaching methods with industry standards and national goals. Future research should include detailed case studies in Malaysian fashion schools. These should evaluate how the programs are implemented, what students think, and how learning outcomes are affected.
Downloads
References
Aizudin, A. M. Y., Kamis, A., Zakaria, M. S., Yunus, F. A. N., & Jamaluddin, R. (2024). Effects of Smart Sewing Augmented Media Learning Applications in Design and Technology Subjects Against the Achievement of Year Five Pupils in Primary School. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(2).
Ahmad, M. K. F., & Rosnan, H. (2024). Overcoming Challenges in Malaysia’s Technical and Vocational Education: A Path Forward for TVET. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, VIII(IIIS), 4986–4994. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.803370s
Azmi, M. A., Noordin, M. K., Md. Nasir, A. N., & Hasnul Hadi, M. H. H. (2024). Assessing the Importance of Digital Literacy as A 21st Century Skill Among TVET Educators. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(4), 434–450. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v13-i4/23217
Bujeng, B., Kamis, A., Mohamed, S., & Puad, F. N. A. (2018). Developing an Interactive Multimedia Module for the Topic of Making Clothes: A Requirements Analysis. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(11), 1688–1700.
Hartanto, S. (2020). Digitalisasi Pola Pakaian Melalui CLO3D. Jurnal Da Moda, 1(2), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.35886/damoda.v1i2.71
Hu, Y. (2022). Application of CLO3D Software in the Teaching of Garment Structure Drawing. BCP Education & Psychology, 4, 8–14. https://doi.org/10.54691/bcpep.v4i.764
Kamis, A., Azman, M. N. A., Kob, C. G. C., Kusumastuti, A., Atika, Widihastuti, & Yunus, F. A. N. (2025). Validity and reliability of fashion education sustainability instrument. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 8(1), 2026138. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2026138
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2015). Buletin Anjakan (Bil. 4). Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
Mansor, A., & Jamaludin, K. A. (2024). The Level of Knowledge and Readiness of Teachers and Their Relationship to The Implementation of 21st Century Learning. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(1), 980–994. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v13-i1/20634
Papachristou, E., & Tatsi, N. Z. (2024a). A Review of 3D Design Knowledge and Its Impact on Creativity in Fashion Design Education. Communications in Development and Assembling of Textile Products, 5(2), 266–277. https://doi.org/10.25367/cdatp.2024.5.p266-277
Papachristou, E., & Tatsi, N. Z. (2024b). A Review of 3D Design Knowledge and Its Impact on Creativity in Fashion Design Education. Communications in Development and Assembling of Textile Products, 5(2), 266–277. https://doi.org/10.25367/cdatp.2024.5.p266-277
Safri, U. S. A., & Jamaludin, K. A. (2022). PAK 21 Skills and The Challenges of Its Integration During Teaching and Facilitation Session (PDPC). International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 11(4), 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v11-i4/15031
Shetabi, T. (2024). Clothing, from Textiles to Pixels: Exploring the Possibilities of Design with ClO3D Software. DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/textilesdiss/22/
Somantri, D. (2021). Abad 21 Pentingnya Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru. Equilibrium: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Dan Ekonomi, 18(02), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.25134/equi.v18i2.4154
Spahiu, T., Chertenko, L., Almeida, H., Shehi, E., & Kyratsis, P. (2024). Digital Tools for Design and Manufacturing of Footwear Parts as Heels. 7th International Scientific Conference Contemporary Trends and Innovations in Textile Industry – CT&ITI 2024 - Zbornik Radova., 309–319. https://doi.org/10.5937/ct_iti24034s
Syed Azman, S. M., Arsat, M., Mohd Amin, N. F., Suhairom, N., Abdul Wahid, N. H., Khamis, N., Hanri, C., & Abdul Latif, A. (2022). Sustainable Practices in Pattern-Making at Local Fashion Institutions: A Qualitative Study. KnE Social Sciences, 5th International Conference on Education and Social Science Research (ICESRE), 719–729. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i19.12490
Syed Azman, S. M., Arsat, M., & Suhairom, N. (2022). Sustainable Innovation In Teaching And Learning Of Pattern Making Skill. International Conference on Sustainable Practices, Development and Urbanisation. https://doi.org/10.15405/epms.2022.10.21
Thadepalli, S., & Choudhary, U. (2024). Synergy of Real and Digital Worlds - Promising Insights for the Future Generations of Fashion. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 13(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.a8054.13010524
Widiyawati, I., Prasetya, L. A., Permataningtyas, A., & Ichwanto, M. A. (2024). Application of Clo3d Technology in Fashion Vocational Education in Vocational Schools: A Systematic. IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application), 7(3), 268–278. https://doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v7i3.26216
Wu, E. (2024). The Impact and Pathways of Digitalisation on the Development of the Fashion Industry. Highlights in Business Economics and Management, 46, 220–225. https://doi.org/10.54097/8kwv5n85
Yoo, H. A., & Lee, Y.-A. (2024). The 3D Virtual Technology as a Pedagogical Approach for Teaching Sustainable Apparel Design: Analysis of the ITAA Design Abstract Proceedings from 2015 to 2022. The 3D Virtual Technology as a Pedagogical Approach for Teaching Sustainable Apparel Design: Analysis of the ITAA Design Abstract Proceedings from 2015 to 2022, 80(1). https://doi.org/10.31274/itaa.17148
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Huda Najihah Zainudin, Arasinah Kamis, Adhi Kusumastuti, Atika, Mohd Bekri Rahim, Vivi Efrianova
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
