Pembelajaran Kemahiran Lompat Kijang melalui pendekatan Berpaksikan Kekangan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jsspj.vol14.1.6.2025Keywords:
Pendekatan Berpaksikan Kekangan, Pendekatan latihan tradisional , pembelajaran kemahiran, lompat kijangAbstract
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pembelajaran kemahiran bagi acara lompat kijang dengan menggunakan dua kaedah latihan yang berbeza iaitu pendekatan berpaksikan kekangan (PBK) dan pendekatan latihan tradisional (PLT). Pembelajaran kemahiran menggunakan kaedah PBK dikaitkan dengan interaksi kekangan antara kekangan tugas, kekangan individu dan kekangan persekitaran, individu akan mengalami ketidakstabilan dan mengalami proses organisasi kendiri apabila manipulasi terhadap mana-mana kekangan dilaksanakan. Kajian kuasi - eksperimental ini melibatkan lapan (8) orang individu novis berusia 11 hingga 12 tahun di sebuah sekolah rendah daerah Bintulu, Sarawak. Atlet dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan menggunakan kaedah pasangan sepadan (matched paired design) berpandukan kepada keputusan ujian lompat kijang berdiri (LKB) pada pra ujian. Penilaian dilaksanakan menggunakan ujian Lompat Kijang Berdiri (LKB) dan Ujian Lompat Kijang Larian Lima langkah (LKL5L) sebanyak tiga kali pengujian iaitu Ujian Pra (P1), Ujian Pertengahan - Pasca 1 (P2) dan Ujian Pasca 2 (P3). Ujian pengukuran Mixed ANOVA dan ujian saiz kesan dilaksanakan bagi menilai prestasi lompatan kedua-dua kumpulan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan peningkatan prestasi bagi kedua-dua kumpulan untuk kesan utama bagi tempoh masa iaitu F(1,6)=10.063, p=0.003, ƞ²=0.626 bagi ujian LKB dan F(1,6)=13.590, p<.001, ƞ²=0.694 bagi ujian LKL5L. Manakala dapatan ujian saiz kesan bagi LKB adalah pada magnitud sederhana semasa P2 iaitu 1.158 dan rendah semasa P3 iaitu ES=1.189, bagi ujian LKL5L pula adalah masing-masing ES=1.498 (P2) bermagnitud sederhana dan rendah pada P3 iaitu ES=.723. Implikasi kajian menggunakan PBK adalah bersifat tidak linear iaitu individu akan mengalami proses organisasi diri apabila berada dalam fasa ketidakstabilan bagi mencari penyelesaian masalah corak pergerakan yang kompleks seperti lakuan dalam acara lompat kijang.
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