Acute effect of dynamic stretching versus combined static dynamic stretching on speed performance among male Sukma Sarawak 2016 sprinters
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jsspj.vol9.1.1.2020Keywords:
speed performance, dynamic stretching, static stretching, combined stretchingAbstract
The purpose of the study is to compare the effects of dynamic stretching and combined static dynamic stretching on speed performance among male Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA) Sarawak 2016 sprinters. 10 male sprinters (age=16-19 years old) were tested under two different stretching protocols which were dynamic stretching alone and combined static dynamic stretching. All of the participants were sprinters that qualify for SUKMA Sarawak 2016. Participants underwent the dynamic stretching alone and combined static dynamic stretching in counterbalanced order with 1-week wash-out period between both stretching protocols. Participants were tested using the 20-meter sprint test after each intervention. The result showed a significant sprint time difference between both interventions (p<0.007). Dynamic stretching alone (3.16±0.090) showed a faster time to complete the 20-meter sprint test compared to combined static dynamic stretching (3.39±0.239). In conclusion, dynamic stretching alone is better than combined static dynamic stretching prior to speed performance. Combining static and dynamic stretching activities prior to speed performance is not recommended.
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References
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Behm, D. G., & Chaouachi, A. (2011). A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(11), 2633-2651.
Belli, A., & Bosco, C. (1992). Influence of stretch‐shortening cycle on mechanical behaviour of triceps surae during hopping. Acta Physiologica, 144(4), 401-408.
Bishop, D. (2003). Warm up II. Sports medicine, 33(7), 483-498.
Chaouachi, A., Castagna, C., Chtara, M., Brughelli, M., Turki, O., Galy, O., . . . Behm, D. G. (2010). Effect of warm-ups involving static or dynamic stretching on agility, sprinting, and jumping performance in trained individuals. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2001-2011.
Cramer, J., Housh, T., Weir, J., Johnson, G., Coburn, J., & Beck, T. (2005). The acute effects of static stretching on peak torque, mean power output, electromyography, and mechanomyography. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(5-6), 530-539.
Davis, D. S., Ashby, P. E., McCale, K. L., McQuain, J. A., & Wine, J. M. (2005). The effectiveness of 3 stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility using consistent stretching parameters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 27.
Fletcher, I. M., & Jones, B. (2004). The effect of different warm-up stretch protocols on 20 meter sprint performance in trained rugby union players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(4), 885-888.
Gelen, E. (2010). Acute effects of different warm-up methods on sprint, slalom dribbling, and penalty kick performance in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(4), 950-956.
Haddad, M., Dridi, A., Chtara, M., Chaouachi, A., Wong, D. P., Behm, D., & Chamari, K. (2014). Static stretching can impair explosive performance for at least 24 hours. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(1), 140-146.
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Hartig, D. E., & Henderson, J. M. (1999). Increasing hamstring flexibility decreases lower extremity overuse injuries in military basic trainees. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(2), 173-176.
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Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2006). Effects of differential stretching protocols during warm-ups on high-speed motor capacities in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(1), 203.
Magnusson, S. P., Simonsen, E. B., Aagaard, P., Dyhre-Poulsen, P., McHugh, M. P., & Kjaer, M. (1996). Mechanical and physiological responses to stretching with and without preisometric contraction in human skeletal muscle. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77(4), 373-378.
McNair, P. J., & Stanley, S. N. (1996). Effect of passive stretching and jogging on the series elastic muscle stiffness and range of motion of the ankle joint. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(4), 313-317.
Morin, J.-B., & Belli, A. (2003). Facteurs mécaniques de la performance en sprint sur 100 m chez des athlètes entraînés. Science & Sports, 18(3), 161-163.
Nelson, A. G., Allen, J. D., Cornwell, A., & Kokkonen, J. (2001). Inhibition of maximal voluntary isometric torque production by acute stretching is joint-angle specific. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 72(1), 68-70.
Paradisis, G. P., Pappas, P. T., Theodorou, A. S., Zacharogiannis, E. G., Skordilis, E. K., & Smirniotou, A. S. (2014). Effects of static and dynamic stretching on sprint and jump performance in boys and girls. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(1), 154-160.
Rosenbaum, D., & Hennig, E. M. (1995). The influence of stretching and warm‐up exercises on Achilles tendon reflex activity. Journal of Sports Sciences, 13(6), 481-490.
Shorten, M. R. (1987). Muscle elasticity and human performance Current research in sports biomechanics (Vol. 25, pp. 1-18): Karger Publishers.
Waqqash, E., Osman, N., Nadzalan, A. M., & Mustafa, M. A. (2017). Acute effects of active isolated stretching on vertical jump performance in active university students. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Science, 9(6S), 1063-1071.
Wilson, G. J., Murphy, A. J., & Pryor, J. F. (1994). Musculotendinous stiffness: its relationship to eccentric, isometric, and concentric performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 76(6), 2714-2719.
Witvrouw, E., Danneels, L., Asselman, P., D'Have, T., & Cambier, D. (2003). Muscle flexibility as a risk factor for developing muscle injuries in male professional soccer players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(1), 41-46.
Yamaguchi, T., Ishii, K., Yamanaka, M., & Yasuda, K. (2007). Acute effects of dynamic stretching exercise on power output during concentric dynamic constant external resistance leg extension. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1238.
Young, W., & Elliott, S. (2001). Acute effects of static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, and maximum voluntary contractions on explosive force production and jumping performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 72(3), 273-279.
Young, W. B., & Behm, D. G. (2003). Effects of running, static stretching and practice jumps on explosive force production and jumping performance. Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 43(1), 21.
Behm, D. G., Blazevich, A. J., Kay, A. D., & McHugh, M. (2015). Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 1-11.
Behm, D. G., & Chaouachi, A. (2011). A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(11), 2633-2651.
Belli, A., & Bosco, C. (1992). Influence of stretch‐shortening cycle on mechanical behaviour of triceps surae during hopping. Acta Physiologica, 144(4), 401-408.
Bishop, D. (2003). Warm up II. Sports medicine, 33(7), 483-498.
Chaouachi, A., Castagna, C., Chtara, M., Brughelli, M., Turki, O., Galy, O., . . . Behm, D. G. (2010). Effect of warm-ups involving static or dynamic stretching on agility, sprinting, and jumping performance in trained individuals. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2001-2011.
Cramer, J., Housh, T., Weir, J., Johnson, G., Coburn, J., & Beck, T. (2005). The acute effects of static stretching on peak torque, mean power output, electromyography, and mechanomyography. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(5-6), 530-539.
Davis, D. S., Ashby, P. E., McCale, K. L., McQuain, J. A., & Wine, J. M. (2005). The effectiveness of 3 stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility using consistent stretching parameters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 27.
Fletcher, I. M., & Jones, B. (2004). The effect of different warm-up stretch protocols on 20 meter sprint performance in trained rugby union players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(4), 885-888.
Gelen, E. (2010). Acute effects of different warm-up methods on sprint, slalom dribbling, and penalty kick performance in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(4), 950-956.
Haddad, M., Dridi, A., Chtara, M., Chaouachi, A., Wong, D. P., Behm, D., & Chamari, K. (2014). Static stretching can impair explosive performance for at least 24 hours. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(1), 140-146.
Haff, G. G., & Triplett, N. T. (2015). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning 4th Edition: Human kinetics.
Hartig, D. E., & Henderson, J. M. (1999). Increasing hamstring flexibility decreases lower extremity overuse injuries in military basic trainees. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 27(2), 173-176.
Heyward, V. H., & Gibson, A. (2014). Advanced fitness assessment and exercise prescription 7th edition: Human Kinetics.
Kisner, C., Colby, L. A., & Borstad, J. (2017). Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques: Fa Davis.
Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2006). Effects of differential stretching protocols during warm-ups on high-speed motor capacities in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(1), 203.
Magnusson, S. P., Simonsen, E. B., Aagaard, P., Dyhre-Poulsen, P., McHugh, M. P., & Kjaer, M. (1996). Mechanical and physiological responses to stretching with and without preisometric contraction in human skeletal muscle. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77(4), 373-378.
McNair, P. J., & Stanley, S. N. (1996). Effect of passive stretching and jogging on the series elastic muscle stiffness and range of motion of the ankle joint. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(4), 313-317.
Morin, J.-B., & Belli, A. (2003). Facteurs mécaniques de la performance en sprint sur 100 m chez des athlètes entraînés. Science & Sports, 18(3), 161-163.
Nelson, A. G., Allen, J. D., Cornwell, A., & Kokkonen, J. (2001). Inhibition of maximal voluntary isometric torque production by acute stretching is joint-angle specific. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 72(1), 68-70.
Paradisis, G. P., Pappas, P. T., Theodorou, A. S., Zacharogiannis, E. G., Skordilis, E. K., & Smirniotou, A. S. (2014). Effects of static and dynamic stretching on sprint and jump performance in boys and girls. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(1), 154-160.
Rosenbaum, D., & Hennig, E. M. (1995). The influence of stretching and warm‐up exercises on Achilles tendon reflex activity. Journal of Sports Sciences, 13(6), 481-490.
Shorten, M. R. (1987). Muscle elasticity and human performance Current research in sports biomechanics (Vol. 25, pp. 1-18): Karger Publishers.
Waqqash, E., Osman, N., Nadzalan, A. M., & Mustafa, M. A. (2017). Acute effects of active isolated stretching on vertical jump performance in active university students. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Science, 9(6S), 1063-1071.
Wilson, G. J., Murphy, A. J., & Pryor, J. F. (1994). Musculotendinous stiffness: its relationship to eccentric, isometric, and concentric performance. Journal of Applied Physiology, 76(6), 2714-2719.
Witvrouw, E., Danneels, L., Asselman, P., D'Have, T., & Cambier, D. (2003). Muscle flexibility as a risk factor for developing muscle injuries in male professional soccer players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(1), 41-46.
Yamaguchi, T., Ishii, K., Yamanaka, M., & Yasuda, K. (2007). Acute effects of dynamic stretching exercise on power output during concentric dynamic constant external resistance leg extension. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1238.
Young, W., & Elliott, S. (2001). Acute effects of static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, and maximum voluntary contractions on explosive force production and jumping performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 72(3), 273-279.
Young, W. B., & Behm, D. G. (2003). Effects of running, static stretching and practice jumps on explosive force production and jumping performance. Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 43(1), 21.
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Published
2020-06-14
How to Cite
Brahim, S., & Mohamad Chan, E. W. (2020). Acute effect of dynamic stretching versus combined static dynamic stretching on speed performance among male Sukma Sarawak 2016 sprinters. Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 9(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.37134/jsspj.vol9.1.1.2020
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