Analisis Persejarahan Baharu dalam Novel `1515`

Analysis of New History in Novel `1515`

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis unsur-unsur sejarah baharu dalam novel `1515` dari perspektif Persejarahan Baharu. Kajian ini adalah sebuah kajian kepustakaan. Sumber utama data kajian ialah novel `1515` karya Faisal Tehrani (2003). Data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dan dibincangkan secara deskriptif berpandukan idea teori Historisisme Baru oleh Stephen J. Greenblatt. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, kajian ini mendapati enam unsur sejarah baharu yang penting yang dapat dikenal pasti iaitu kisah watak wanita Nyemah Mulya dalam era pemerintahan sultan Mahmud Shah, kisah keperwirawati tokoh wanita Nyemah Mulya menentang Feringgi di Melaka, Alfonso Albuquerque mati dibunuh Nyemah Mulya, tokoh wanita memimpin armada perang Melaka menyerang Lisbon, Portugal ditakluk Melaka dan orang Melayu membina empayar pemerintahan di Portugal pada tahun 1515 hingg 1580. Kajian ini juga mendapati unsur sejarah baharu yang terdapat dalam novel mempunyai kaitan langsung dengan sejarah lama khususnya sejarah kejatuhan Melaka di tangan Portugis pada tahun 1511, sejarah pentadbiran Sultan Mahmud dan sejarah perang Melaka Portugis. Berdasarkan dapatan ini, kajian ini mencadangkan supaya sejarah lama tentang penjajahan Barat di tanah Melayu khususnya sejarah penjajahan Barat di Melaka dinilai semula supaya fakta dan keterangannya lebih tepat dan sesuai dengan realiti bangsa Melayu masa kini.

This study aims to analyze the new historical elements in the novel title `1515` from theperspective of the Persejarahan Baharu. This is a library research. The main source of data is Faisal Tehrani's novel title `1515` (2003). The data were analyzed using content analysis methods and discussed descriptively based on the idea of New Historicism proposed by Stephen J. Greenblatt. Based on this analysis, the study found six important new historical elements that could be identified such as the story of the character of Nyemah Mulya in the reign of the sultan Mahmud Shah, the story of the female figure of Nyemah Mulya against the Portuguese in Malacca, Alfonso Albuquerque was killed by Nyemah Mulya, a female figure led the Malacca war fleet attacked Lisbon, Portugal conquered Malacca and the Malays built a government empire in Portugal in 1515 until 1580. The study also found that the new historical elements in the novel have a direct connection with the ancient history, especially the history of Malacca's fall in Portuguese hands 1511, the history of Sultan Mahmud's administration and the history of the Portuguese-Malacca war. Based on this findings, this study suggests that the old history of Western colonialism in Malay lands, particularly the history of Western colonization in Malacca, should be revised so that the facts were more accurate and in line with the reality of the present Malay world.

Keywords: New Historicism, new meaning, old historicism, re-evaluation