Integration of Virtual Labs in Science Education: A Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol14.1.8.2024Keywords:
educational settings, learning outcomes, science education, systematic literature review, virtual labsAbstract
Real experiments can be demonstrated to students through virtual labs, which will greatly facilitate their learning. Virtual labs allow students to conduct experiments independently, offering the ability to integrate theoretical and practical aspects. This study conducted a systematic literature review on virtual labs in science education over the past five years. In addition, this study used multiple research designs, and the review was based on the publication standard, PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses). The articles were selected using Scopus, a leading database, and Google Scholar, a supporting database. This review features two main themes based on the thematic analysis, namely (1) educational settings practicing virtual labs in Science Education and (2) learning outcomes measured by implementation of virtual labs. Seven sub-themes have emerged from the two main themes. The findings revealed (1) the potential of virtual labs to improve the teaching and learning process, (2) the utilization of an effective virtual lab for scientific learning, and (3) the adoption of virtual labs will enhance students' competencies in practical experiences and improve learning outcomes in science education.
Downloads
References
Abd Rahman, S., Abd Hamid, N., & Ibrahim, F. (2021). Survey on students’ perceptions and content analysis in developing Virtual Blended Learning Lab amongs teacher trainess of Malaysian Institute of Teacher Educations. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia, 11(2), 9-25. https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol11.2.2.2021
Abdullah, N., Yusuf, N. A. N., Noh, N. M., & Zabit, M. N. M. (2017). Pembinaan perisian interaktif untuk menerapkan kemahiran proses sains dalam mata pelajaran sains sekolah rendah. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia, 7(1), 76-92. https://doi.org/10.37134/jsspj.vol7.no1.7.2017
Ahmad, M., Choudhary, F.R., & Sultan, S. (2023). A comparative study of basic science process skills of science students at higher secondary level in district rawalpindi, pakistan. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i2.37775
Ambusaidi, A., Al Musawi, A., Al-Balushi, S., & Al-Balushi, K. (2018). The impact of virtual lab learning experiences on 9th grade students’ achievement and their attitudes towards science and learning by virtual lab. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 15(2), 13-29.
Akinola, V. O., & Oladejo, A. I. (2020). Virtual laboratory: A viable and sustainable alternative to traditional physical laboratory. Journal of Educational Research and Development, 16(2), 1-7.
Akpınar, E. (2014). The use of interactive computer animations based on POE as a presentation tool in primary science teaching. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 23(4), 527-537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-013-9482-4
Aldosari, S. S., Ghita, B., & Marocco, D. (2022). A gesture-based educational system that integrates simulation and molecular visualization to teach chemistry. 194-211. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v17i04.26503
Al Hassan, E. E. K. (2016). The impact of virtual laboratories on academic achievement and learning motivation in the students of sudanese secondary school. International Journal of English Language, Literature and Humanities (IJELLH). 464-483. https://doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v4i9.1651
Alkhaldi, T., Pranata, I., & Athauda, R. I. (2016). A review of contemporary virtual and remote laboratory implementations: observations and findings. Journal of Computers in Education, 3(3), 329–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-016-0068-z.
Amin, D. I., & Ikhsan, J. (2021). Improving higher order thinking skills via semi Second Life. European Journal of Educational Research, 10(1), 261-274. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.10.1.261
Arista, F. S., & Kuswanto, H. (2018). Virtual physics laboratory application based on the android smartphone to improve learning independence and conceptual understanding. International Journal of Instruction, 11(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.1111a
Aşıksoy, G., & Islek, D. (2017). The impact of the virtual laboratory on students' attitudes in a general physics laboratory. International Journal of Online Engineering, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v13i04.6811
Azma, N., Cahyono, E., & Nuswowati, M. (2022). Effectiveness of online learning assisted by olabs virtual laboratorium in improving students' science process skills. International Journal of Active Learning, 7(1), 86-93.
Bandura, A.(1977). Self-efficacy: Toward unifying theory of behavioral change. In Psychological review , 84(2),191–215.
Beichumila, F., Bahati, B., & Kafanabo, E. (2022a). Beichumila, F., Kafanabo, E., & Bahati, B. (2022). Exploring the use of chemistry-based computer simulations and animations instructional activities to support students’ learning of science process skills. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(8). https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.8.2
Beichumila, F., Bahati, B., & Kafanabo, E. (2022b). Students’ acquisition of science process skills in chemistry through computer simulations and animations in secondary schools in tanzania. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(3), 166–195. https://doi.org/10.26803/ ijlter.21.3.10
Bhatti, Z., Abro, A., Gillal, A. R., & Karbasi, M. (2018). Be-educated: Multimedia learning through 3D animation. International Journal of Computer Science and Emerging Technologies (IJCET). 1 (1). 13-22.
Boeker, M., Vach, W., & Motschall, E. (2013). Google Scholar as replacement for systematic literature searches: good relative recall and precision are not enough. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 13(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-13-131
Bogusevschi, D., Muntean, C., & Muntean, G. M. (2020). Teaching and learning physics using 3D virtual learning environment: A case study of combined virtual reality and virtual laboratory in secondary school. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 39(1), 5-18.
Bonser, S. P., De Permentier, P., Green, J., Velan, G. M., Adam, P., & Kumar, R. K. (2013). Engaging students by emphasising botanical concepts over techniques: Innovative practical exercises using virtual microscopy. Journal of Biological Education, 47(2), 123–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2013.764344.
Braun, V., Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 3(2), 77–101. https ://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Byukusenge, C., Nsanganwimana, F., & Tarmo, A. P. (2022). Effectiveness of virtual laboratories in teaching and learning Biology: A review of literature. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(6), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.6.1
Campos, N., Nogal, M., Caliz, C., & Juan, A. A. (2020). Simulation-based education involving online and on-campus models in different European universities. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-0181-y
Chan, P., Van Gerven, T., Dubois, J.-L., & Bernaerts, K. (2021). Virtual chemical laboratories: A systematic literature review of research, technologies and instructional design. Computers and Education Open, 2, 100053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2021.100053
Chan, H. Z., & Ng Lee Yen Abdullah, M. (2018). Validity and reliability of the mathematics self-efficacy questionnaire (mseq) on primary school students. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 26(4).
Çelik, B. (2022). The effects of computer simulations on students’ science process skills: Literature review. Canadian Journal of Educational and Social Studies, 2(1), 16-28. https://doi.org/10.53103/cjess.v2i1.17
Cimer, A. (2012). What makes biology learning difficult and effective: Students' views. Educational research and reviews, 7(3), 61.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L., (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
De Jong, T., Linn, M. C., & Zacharia, Z. C. (2013). Physical and virtual laboratories in science and engineering education. Science, 340(6130), 305-308. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230579
Demircioğlu, G., & Yadigaroğlu, M. (2011). The effect of laboratory method on high school students' understanding of the reaction rate. Western Anatolia Journal of Educational Sciences (WAJES). 509-516.
Diwakar, S., Radhamani, R., Sujatha, G., Sasidharakurup, H., Shekhar, A., Achuthan, K., & Nair, B. (2019). Usage and diffusion of biotechnology virtual labs for enhancing university education in India's urban and rural areas. In Virtual Reality in Education: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice. 433-453. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8179-6.ch022
Duman, M.Ş & Avcı, G. (2016). Effect of virtual laboratory practices of student success and learning permanence: Mersin-Erdemli Sample. Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty, 18(1), 13-33
Faour, M.A. & Ayoubi, Z. (2018). The effect of using virtual laboratory on grade 10 students’ conceptual understanding and their attitudes towards physics. Journal of Education in Science, Environment and Health (JESEH), 4(1), 54-68. https://doi.org/10.21891/jeseh.387482.
Gambari, A. I., Kawu, H., & Falode, O. C. (2018). Impact of virtual laboratory on the achievement of secondary school chemistry students in homogeneous and heterogeneous collaborative environments. Contemporary Educational Technology, 9(3), 246-263. https://doi.org/10.30935/cet.444108.
Gunawan, G., Suranti, N. M. Y., Nisrina, N., Herayanti, L., & Rahmatiah, R. (2018). The effect of virtual lab and gender toward students’ creativity of physics in senior high school. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1108, No. 1, p. 012043). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1108/1/012043.
Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., Hermansyah, H., & Herayanti, L. (2019). Guided inquiry model through virtual laboratory to enhance students'science process skills on heat concept. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 38(2), 259-268. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.23345.
Gupta, T., Akhtar, M. J., & Srivastava, K. V. (2012). Development of the virtual lab module for understanding the concepts of electric and magnetic field patterns in rectangular waveguides and cavities. International Journal of Online Engineering, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v8i3.2113
Gusenbauer, M. (2019). Google Scholar to overshadow them all? Comparing the sizes of 12 academic search engines and bibliographic databases. Scientometrics, 118(1), 177-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2958-5
Gusenbauer, M., & Haddaway, N. R. (2020). Which academic search systems are suitable for systematic reviews or meta‐analyses? Evaluating retrieval qualities of Google Scholar, PubMed, and 26 other resources. Research synthesis methods, 11(2), 181-217. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1378
Hamed, G., & Aljanazrah, A. (2020). The effectiveness if using virtual experiments on students’ learning in the general physics lab. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 19, 976-995. https://doi.org/10.28945/4668.
Higgins, J.P.T., Altman, D.G., Gotzsche, P.C., Juni, P., Moher, D., Oxman, A.D., Savovic, J., Schulz, K.F., Weeks, L., Sterne, J.A.C. (2011). The cochrane collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 343(7829), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d5928
Hong, Q. N., Fàbregues, S., Bartlett, G., Boardman, F., Cargo, M., Dagenais, P., ... & Pluye, P. (2018). The mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) version 2018 for information professionals and researchers. Education for information, 34(4), 285-291. https://doi.org/10.3233/efi-180221
Kamaruddin, H., Che Ahmad, C. N., & Ahmad Rashid , F. A. (2022). Systematic literature review on development of Biology learning module through bot telegram application for Matriculation students: Kajian literatur bersistematik ke atas pembangunan modul pembelajaran Biologi melalui aplikasi telegram bot bagi pelajar Matrikulasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Matematik Malaysia,12(2), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.37134/jpsmm.vol12.2.3.2022
Kolil, V. K., Muthupalani, S., & Achuthan, K. (2020). Virtual experimental platforms in chemistry laboratory education and its impact on experimental self-efficacy. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00204-3.
Jain, J., & Kaur, M. (2022). Moving labs out of labs: Teachers’ perceived effectiveness of virtual laboratories during pandemic school closures. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2022.12.11.1749
Jensenius, F. R., Htun, M., Samuels, D. J., Singer, D. A., Lawrence, A., & Chwe, M. (2018). The benefits and pitfalls of Google Scholar. PS: Political Science & Politics, 51(4), 820-824. https://doi.org/10.1017/s104909651800094x
Jones, N. (2018). Simulated labs are booming. Nature, 562(7725), S5-S5. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-06831-1
Kitchenham, B., Brereton, O. P., Budgen, D., Turner, M., Bailey, J., & Linkman, S. (2009). Systematic literature reviews in software engineering–a systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 51(1), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009
Kinyota, M. (2020). The status of and challenges facing secondary science teaching in Tanzania: a focus on inquiry-based science teaching and the nature of science. International Journal of Science Education, 42(13), 2126-2144. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2020.1813348
Leong, K. E., Tan, P. P., Lau, P. L., & Yong, S. L. (2018). Exploring the relationship between motivation and science achievement of secondary students. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 26(4).
Lestari, D. P., Supahar, Paidi, Suwarjo, & Herianto. (2023). Effect of science virtual laboratory combination with demonstration methods on lower-secondary school students’ scientific literacy ability in a science course. Education and Information Technologies, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11857-8
Lim, S. F., & Kamin, Y. (2023). The development of mobile ar-based module for teaching and learning pneumatic system: A needs analysis. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.1.03
Loan, F. A., & Sheikh, S. (2018). Is Google scholar really scholarly?. Library Hi Tech News, 35(3), 7-9. https://doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-11-2017-0078
Ma, Y., Ariffin, N. F. M., Aziz, F. A., He. X., Liu. Y., & Feng, S. (2023). Potential of sense of place in cultural heritage conservation: A systematic review. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 31(4). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.4.07
Makransky, G., Thisgaard, M. W., & Gadegaard, H. (2016). Virtual simulations as preparation for lab exercises: Assessing learning of key laboratory skills in microbiology and improvement of essential non-cognitive skills. PloS one, 11(6), e0155895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155895
Makransky, G., & Petersen, G. B. (2019). Investigating the process of learning with desktop virtual reality: A structural equation modeling approach. Computers & Education, 134, 15-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.02.002.
Manikowati, & Iskandar, D. (2018). Pengembangan mobile virtual laboratorium untuk pembelajaran praktikum siswa SMA. Kwangsan: Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 06(01), 23–42. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31800/jtp.kw.v6n1.p23--42.
Manyilizu, M. C. (2023). Effectiveness of virtual laboratory vs. paper-based experiences to the hands-on chemistry practical in Tanzanian secondary schools. Education and Information Technologies, 28(5), 4831-4848. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11327-7.
Martín-Martín, A., Orduna-Malea, E., Thelwall, M., & López-Cózar, E. D. (2018). Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus: A systematic comparison of citations in 252 subject categories. Journal of Informetrics, 12(4), 1160-1177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2018.09.002
Muhamad, M., Zaman, H. B., & Ahmad, A. (2012). Virtual biology laboratory (VLab- Bio): Scenario-based learning approach. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 162-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.395
Ng, M. E., & Chua, K. H. (2023). The effect of using PHET in changing Malaysian students' attitude to learning physics in a full virtual environment. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.2.05
Nkemakolam, O. E., Chinelo, O. F., & Jane, M. C. (2018). Effect of computer simulations on secondary school students' academic achievement in chemistry in Anambra state. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(4), 284-289. https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.522.2018.44.284.289
Okoli, C. (2015). A guide to conducting a standalone systematic literature review. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 37. https://doi.org/10.17705/1cais.03743
Orduña-Malea, Enrique, Juan M. Ayllón, Alberto Martín-Martín, and Emilio Delgado López-Cózar. Methods for estimating the size of Google Scholar. Scientometrics 104 (2015): 931-949. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1614-6.
Özdemir, E. (2019). Use of virtual experiments as learning activity in modern physics course: A case of cathode ray tube experiment. Studies in Educational Research and Development, 3(2), 43-61
Padilla, M. (1990). The science process skills. Research matters-to the Science Teacher, No. 9004. Retrieved June 21, 2007, from http//:www.educ.sfu.ca/narstsite/publications/research/skill.htm
Paxinou, E., Georgiou, M., Kakkos, V., Kalles, D., & Galani, L. (2022). Achieving educational goals in microscopy education by adopting virtual reality labs on top of face-to-face tutorials. Research in Science & Technological Education, 40(3), 320-339. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2020.1790513.
Pedaste, M., Mitt, G., & Jürivete, T. (2020). What is the effect of using mobile augmented reality in K12 inquiry-based learning?. Education Sciences, 10(4), 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci10040094
Peechapol, C. (2021). Investigating the effect of virtual laboratory simulation in chemistry on learning achievement, self-efficacy, and learning experience. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 16(20), 196-207. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i20.23561
Potkonjak, V., Gardner, M., Callaghan, V., Mattila, P., Guetl, C., Petrović, V. M., & Jovanović, K. (2016). Virtual laboratories for education in science, technology, and engineering: A review. Computers and Education, 95, 309–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.02.002
Purwaningtyas, D. A., Prabowo, H., Napitupulu, T. A., & Purwandari, B. (2022). The integration of augmented reality and virtual laboratory based on the 5E model and vark assessment: A conceptual framework. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v11i3.36367
Puspitaningtyas, E., Putri, E. F. N., Umrotul, U., & Sutopo, S. (2021). Analysis of high school student’s concept mastery in light wave using structured inquiry learning assisted by a virtual laboratory. Revista Mexicana de Física E, 18. 10-22. https://doi.org/10.31349/RevMexFisE.18.10.
Putri, L. A., Permanasari, A., Winarno, N., & Ahmad, N. J. (2021). Enhancing students' scientific literacy using virtual lab activity with inquiry-based learning. Journal of Science Learning, 4(2), 173-184. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v4i2.27561.
Raman, R., Vinuesa, R., & Nedungadi, P. (2021). Acquisition and user behavior in online science laboratories before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 5(8), 46. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202107.0079.v1
Rasheed, G., Khan, M., Malik, N., & Akhunzada, A. (2021). Measuring learnability through virtual reality laboratory application: a user study. Sustainability, 13(19), 10812. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910812.
Ratamun, M. M., & Osman, K. (2018). The effectiveness of virtual lab compared to physical lab in the mastery of science process skills for chemistry experiment. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 76(4), 544. https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/18.76.544
Ratamun, M. M. (2018). Pembangunan dan keberkesanan makmal maya berbanding makmal fizikal dalam pembelajaran topik garam kimia tingkatan 4 (Unpublished doctoral thesis). Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Rizki, M., Suryawati, E., Zulfarina, Z., & Rahmi, F. O. (2021). Analisis self efficacy sebagai dasar pengembangan sumber belajar mandiri untuk praktikum jarak jauh di LPTK. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 12(2), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.17977/um052v12i2p71-80
Rosli, R., & Ishak, N. A. (2022). Implementation of virtual laboratory in learning biology to improves students' achievement, science process skills and self efficacy. International Journal of Education, Islamic Studies and Social Science Research, 7(1), 115-131.
Samosa, R. C. (2021). Mobile virtual laboratory as innovative strategy to improve learners’ achievement, attitudes, and learning environment in teaching chemistry. international journal of multidisciplinary. Applied Business and Education Research, 2(5), 398-400. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.05.04
Sari, U., Pektaş, H. M., Çelik, H., & Kirindi, T. (2019). The effects of virtual and computer based real laboratory applications on the attitude, motivation and graphic interpretation skills of university students. International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.30722/ijisme.27.01.001
Shaffril, H. A. M., Samah, A. A., Samsuddin, S. F., & Ali, Z. (2019). Mirror-mirror on the wall, what climate change adaptation strategies are practiced by the Asian's fishermen of all?. Journal of cleaner production, 232, 104-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.262
Shaffril, H. A. M., Samsuddin, S. F., & Abu Samah, A. (2021). The ABC of systematic literature review: the basic methodological guidance for beginners. Quality & Quantity, 55, 1319-1346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-020-01059-6
Shambare, B., & Simuja, C. (2022). A critical review of teaching with virtual lab: A panacea to challenges of conducting practical experiments in science subjects beyond the COVID-19 pandemic in rural schools in south africa. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 50(3), 393-408. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472395211058051
Sierra-Correa, P. C., & Kintz, J. R. C. (2015). Ecosystem-based adaptation for improving coastal planning for sea-level rise: A systematic review for mangrove coasts. Marine Policy, 51, 385-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.09.013
Singhai, R. (2019). Virtual lab: A powerful learning tool in science. International Journal of Recent Trends in Science And Technology, 51–58.
Smetana, L. K., & Bell, R. L. (2012). Computer simulations to support science instruction and learning: A critical review of the literature. International Journal of Science Education, 34(9), 1337-1370. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2011.605182
Solikhin, F., Sugiyarto, K. H., & Ikhsan, J. (2022). Using virtual laboratory: A profile of students' self-efficacy on electrochemistry. Acta Chimica Asiana, 5(1), 193-201. https://doi.org/10.29303/aca.v5i1.116
Sriadhi, S., Restu, R., Sitompul, H., & Manurung, J. (2019). Development of web-virtual laboratory to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of remedial learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/7/077059
Sulaiman, N. A. A, Hassan, S. A., Shaffril, H. A. M, & Hanapi, M. S. (2023). Fishermen's knowledge of astronomical phenomena in fishery activities: A systematic literature review. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.1.01
Sutarno, S., Setiawan, A., Kaniawati, I., & Suhandi, A. (2019). The development of higher order thinking virtual laboratory on photoelectric effect. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1157(3). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/3/032034
Suyanta, Wiludjeng, I., Jumadi, Astuti, S. R. D., Sri & Sari, A. R. P., & Isa, M. I., & Jafaar, R., & Rahadian (2022). Virtual laboratory-based game application: the quality and its effects towards students’ motivation and self-regulated learning. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM). 16. 114-132. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i18.32875.
Sypsas, A., Paxinou, E., & Kalles, D. (2019). Reviewing inquiry-based learning approaches in virtual laboratory environment for science education. 10th International Conference in Open & Distance Learning, 10(2Α), 74-89. https://doi.org/10.12681/icodl.2288
Tatli, Z., & Ayas, A. (2013). Effect of a virtual chemistry laboratory on students' achievement. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 16(1), 159-170.
Ting-Ling, L., Lin, Y. S., Chou, C. Y., & Yueh, H. P. (2022). Evaluation of an inquiry-based virtual lab for junior high school science classes. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 59(8), 1579-1600. https://doi.org/10.1177/07356331211001579.
Toth, E. E. (2016). Analyzing “real-world” anomalous data after experimentation with a virtual laboratory. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64, 157-173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-015-9408-3
Udin, W. N., & Ramli, M. (2020). Virtual laboratory for enhancing students’ understanding on abstract biology concepts and laboratory skills: a systematic review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1521 (4) https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1521/4/042025
Urdanivia Alarcon, D. A., Talavera-Mendoza F, Rucano Paucar F. H., Cayani Caceres K. S., & Machaca Viza, R. (2023). Science and inquiry-based teaching and learning: a systematic review. Front. Educ. 8:1170487. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2023.117048
Valdehita R.E., Medina-Merodio José.-Amelio. & Plata R.B., Student acceptance of virtual laboratory and practical work: An extension of the technology acceptance model, Computers & Education (2019), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.02.010
Vasiliadou, R. (2020). Virtual laboratories during coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 48(5), 482-483. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmb.21407
Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: Updated methodology. Journal of advanced nursing, 52(5), 546-553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x
Yang, G. T., Yusop, F. D., & Leng, C. H. (2022). Predictors of massive open online courses (MOOC) learning satisfaction: A recipe for success. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 30 (4). (2022). https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.30.4.17
Yildirim, F. S. (2021). The effect of virtual laboratory applications on 8th grade students' achievement in science lesson. Journal of Education in Science Environment and Health, 7(2), 171-181. https://doi.org/10.21891/jeseh.837243.
Yuliati, L., Riantoni, C., & Mufti, N. (2018). Problem solving skills on direct current electricity through inquiry-based learning with PhET simulations. International Journal of Instruction, 11(4), 123-138. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.1149a
Zhang, J., Sung, Y. T., Hou, H. T., & Chang, K. E. (2014). The development and evaluation of an augmented reality-based armillary sphere for astronomical observation instruction. Computers and Education, 73, 178–188. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.compedu.2014.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rafiza binti Rosli, Nor Asniza binti Ishak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
