Transformational Leadership Behavior and Group Cohesion Values in Outdoor Recreation Curriculum Program Among the Sports Students: A Pilot Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jsspj.vol13.1.9.2024Keywords:
Group Cohesion, Outdoor Recreation, Transformational Leadership, ValuesAbstract
This research seeks to investigate the attainment of transformative leadership behaviors and group cohesion values in outdoor settings and their importance in outdoor recreational programs. The main emphasis of this investigation centers on students participating in outdoor leadership projects sanctioned by the Outdoor Recreation Program in the Faculty of Sports Science and Recreation at UiTM Perlis Branch. This specific research serves as an initial examination to offer valuable perspectives for future practical use and enhance understanding of outdoor leadership. A total of 100 participants (58 male and 42 female) willingly volunteered and completed the survey. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) 5x-short and the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) were employed to assess the factors impacting transformative leadership and the significance of group coherence within the research. The results indicated (i) A feeble but positive relationship between group integration tasks and various transformative leadership behaviors. (ii) There were no correlations between group integration social aspects and transformative leadership. (iii) A moderately robust yet adverse correlation between individual attraction to the group task and transformative leadership variables. (iv) No connections were found between individual attraction to the group social elements and transformative leadership. In summary, the capacity for transformative leadership has the potential to enhance the unity of groups involved in outdoor recreational educational initiatives. Through embracing a transformative leadership strategy, leaders can effectively encourage and motivate individuals to work together towards a shared goal, thus nurturing a feeling of solidarity and collaboration among group members.
Downloads
References
Ambarwati, R., & Handiwibowo, G. A. (2018). The Relationship of Outdoor Management Development and Organizational Mission. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), 125, 202-205. https://doi.org/10.2991/icigr-17.2018.49
Andriani, S., Kesumawati, N., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The Influence of The Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Teachers Performance. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 7(7), 19-29.
Arthur, C. A., & Tomsett, P. (2015). Transformational leadership behaviour in sport. In S. Mellalieu & S. Hanton (Eds.), Contemporary advances in sport psychology: A review (pp. 175–201). Hoboken, NJ: Taylor and Francis.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership: Good, Better, Best. Organizational Dynamics, 13(3), 26-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(85)90028-2
Bass, B. M., & Steidlmeier, P. (1999). Ethics, character, and authentic transformational leadership behavior. The Leadership Quarterly, 10, 181–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(99)00016-8
Bosselut, G., Boiché, J., Salamé, B., Fouquereau, E., Guilbert, L., & Serrano, O. C. (2018). Transformational Leadership and Group Cohesion in Sport: Examining the Mediating Role of Interactional Justice Using a Within- and Between- Team Approach. International journal of sport science & coaching, 0(0), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118801156
Cahyono, Y., Novitasari, D., Sihotang, M., Aman, M., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Siahaan, M., Asbari, M., & Purwanto, A. (2020). The Effect of Transformational Leadership Dimensions on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Case Studies in Private University Lectures. Solid State Technology, 63(1), 158-184.
Carron, A. V., Widmeyer, W. N., & Brawley, L. R. (1985). The Development of An Instrument to Assess Cohesion in Sport Teams: The Group Environment Questionnaire. Journal Of Sport Psychology, 7, 244-266.
Cashmore, E. (2002). Sport Psychology: The Key Concepts. New York: Routledge.
Cronin, L. D., Arthur, C. A., Hardy, J., & Callow, N. (2015). Transformational leadership and task cohesion in sport: The mediating role of inside sacrifice. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 37, 23–36. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1123/jsep.2014-0116
da Conceição-Heldt, E., & Meunier, S. (2014). Speaking With a Single Voice: Internal Cohesiveness and External Effectiveness of The EU In Global Governance. Journal Of European Public Policy, 21(7), 961-979. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2014.913219
Faeq, M. (2020). Performance Evaluation Criteria Development Process for Academic Staff at Universities. Black sea journal of management and marketing, 1(1), 59-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47299/bsjmm.v1i1
Filho, E., Dobersek, U., Gershgoren, L., Becker, B., & Tenenbaum, G. (2014). The Cohesion – Performance Relationship in Sport: A 10 – Year Retrospective Meta – Analysis. Sport Sciences for Health, 10, 165-177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11332-014-0188-7
Hakama, A., Ma’mun, A., Kardjono, K., & Bakar, R. A. (2017). The Effects of Outdoor Education on Student’s Cohesiveness and Communication. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2017), 2, 79-82.
Hodge, K., Henry, G., & Smith, W. (2014). A case study of excellence in elite sport: Motivational climate in a world champion team. The Sport Psychologist, 28, 60–74. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1123/tsp.2013-0037
Jung, D. I., & Sosik, J. J. (2002). Transformational leadership in work groups: The role of empowerment, cohesiveness, and collective–Efficacy on perceived group performance. Small Group Research, 33, 313–336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10496402033003002
Kao, S. F., Tsai, C. Y., Schinke, R., & Watson II, J. C. (2019). A Cross – Level Moderating Effect of Team Trust on The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Cohesion. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(24), 2844-2852. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2019.1668186
Karisman, V. A., & Supriadi, D. (2018). The Effect of Outdoor Education on Students’ Responsibility and Self-Confidence. Malaysia Outdoor Recreation, 33-40.
Kovach, J., S. (2019). Outdoor Recreation Increases Self-Confidence in Women. The Journal of Student Leadership, 3(1), 27-35.
Linge, T. K., & Sikalieh, D. (2019). Influence of Idealized Influence on Employee Job Performance in The Insurance Industry in Kenya. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 8(5), 266-273. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v8i5.486
Mohd Kassim, A. F, (2021) Coach’s Effectiveness Mediate Longitudinal Effects of Transformational Leadership Behaviour on Athlete Outcomes. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation (MJSSR), 17(2), 328-348, https://doi.org/10.24191/mjssr.v17i2.15396.
Nikolopoulou, K. (2022, August 11th). What is purposive sampling? Definition & Examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/purposive-sampling/
Oh, Y., & Yoo, J. I. (2023). Team Cohesion in Individual/Team Sports Athletes: Transformational Leadership and The Role of Social Norms. Healthcare 2023, 11, 792. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060792
Poturak, M., Mekic, E., Hadziahmetovic, N., & Budur, T. (2020). Effectiveness of Transformational Leadership Among Different Cultures. International Journal of Social Science & Educational Studies, 7(3). 119-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v7i3p119
Sutherland, S., & Stroot, S. (2010). The Impact of Participation in An Inclusive Adventure Education Trip on Group Dynamics. Journal Of Leisure Research, 42(1), 153-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2010.11950199
Vallée, C. N., & Bloom, G. A. (2005). Building a successful university program: Key and common elements of expert coaches. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17, 179–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10413200591010021
Wang, Y. S., & Huang, T. C. (2009). The Relationship of Transformational Leadership with Group Cohesiveness and Emotional Intelligence. Social behavior and personality: an international journal, 37(3), 379-392. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2009.37.3.379
Yasim, M. M. (2010). The Impacts of Outdoor Education Toward Group Cohesion and Outdoor Education Attitude Among Student From IPGM, Kampus Temenggung Ibrahim, Johor. [master’s thesis]. Universiti Teknologi Mara. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1381.3362
Zardasht, P., Omed, S., & Taha, S. (2020). Importance of HRM Policies on Employee Job Satisfaction. Black Sea Journal of Management and Marketing, 1(1), 49-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47299/bsjmm.v1i1.15
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Siti Sarah Khairul Anuar, Ahmad Fikri Mohd Kassim, Mohd Khairulanwar Md Yusof
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
