The Factors Influencing the Level of Well-being among Elderly in Selangor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/mrj.vol7.13.2018Keywords:
Personal Factor, Social Participation, Financial Factor, Level of Income, Well-beingAbstract
The increasing in ageing population has drawn on the attention to the level of well-being among elderly. This study measured the level of well-being among elderly in Selangor. It was study conducted to determine how far factors such as personal factor, social participation, financial factor, neighborhood and the level of income influencing the well-being. A survey method was conducted to collect data using a total sample of 466 respondents living in rural and urban areas. In order to access the statistical significant differences between these two living areas on the well-being among elderly in Selangor, t-test analysis was used. In addition, multiple regression analysis was performed to measure the influence of the relevant factors to the elders’ level of well-being. The findings showed that all the factors had influenced the level of prosperity among elderly. However, income factor was not an essential factor in the welfare of old people. Therefore, the implication of this study suggested that the elderly must be provided with their personal and social needs to increase their level of well-being.
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References
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https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X10001091
Agrawal, S. (2012). Effect of Living Arrangement on the Health Status of Elderly in India. Asian Population Studies, 8(1), 87–101.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2012.646842
Andrade, F. C., & De Vos, S. (2016). An analysis of living arrangements among elderly women in Brazil. Encontro Da Associacao Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais, 14(8).
Azmi, D. I., & Karim, H. A. (2012). Implications of Walkability Towards Promoting Sustainable Urban Neighbourhood. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 50(July), 204–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.028.
Baernholdt, M., Yan, G., Hinton, I., Rose, K., & Mattos, M. (2013). Quality of Life in Rural and Urban Adults 65 Years and Older: Findings From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of Rural Health, 28(4), 339–347.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2011.00403.x.Quality
Bahagian Pasca Perkhidmatan. (2015). Takrifan Warga Tua di Malaysia.
Brereton, F., Bullock, C., Clinch, J. P., & Scott, M. (2011). Rural change and individual well-being. European Urban and Regional Studies, 18(2), 203–227.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776411399346
Cachioni, M., Delfino, L. L., Yassuda, M. S., Batistoni, S. S. T., Melo, R. C. de, & Domingues, M. A. R. da C. (2017). Subjective and psychological well-being among elderly participants of a University of the Third Age. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria E Gerontologia, 20(3), 340–351.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562017020.160179
Chan, A., Malhotra, C., Malhotra, R., & Østbye, T. (2011). Living arrangements, social networks and depressive symptoms among older men and women in Singapore. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26Chan, A.(6), 630–639.
https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2574
Chan, B., & Fah, Y. (2010). Financial Wellbeing of Older Peninsular Malaysians : A Gender Comparison. Asian Social Science, 6(3), 58–71.
https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v6n3p58
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, Culture, and Subjective Well-being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life. Annual Review of Psychology. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, United States.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145056.
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2015). National accounts of subjective well-being. American Psychologist, 70(3), 234–242.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038899
Douglas, H., Georgiou, A., & Westbrook, J. (2017). Social participation as an indicator of successful aging: An overview of concepts and their associations with health. Australian Health Review, 41(4), 455–462.
https://doi.org/10.1071/AH16038.
Easterlin, R. A. (2013). Happiness, Growth, and Public Policy†. Economic Inquiry, 51(1), 1–15.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2012.00505.x.
EPU. (2013). The malaysian well-being report 2013, (December).
Finance Personal Research Centre. (2014). Financial wellbeing in later life.
Fleche, S., Smith, C., & Sorsa, P. (2012). Exploring Determinants of Subjective Wellbeing in OECD Countries: Evidence from The World Value Survey. Working Papers, OECD Statistics, (2012).
https://doi.org/10.1787/5kg0k6zlcm5k-en
Gildner, T. E., Liebert, M. A., Capistrant, B. D., D’Este, C., Snodgrass, J. J., & Kowal, P. (2016). Perceived Income Adequacy and Well-being Among Older Adults in Six Low- and MiddleIncome Countries. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 0(0), gbw145. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw145.
Green, M., Iparraguirre, J., Davidson, S., & Zaidi, A. (2017). A summary of Age UK’s Index of Wellbeing in Later Life, 1–16. Retrieved from
http://www.ageuk.org.uk/search1/?keyword=index+of+wellbeing&nation=ageuk_en-GB
Hamid, T. (2015). Population Ageing in Malaysia. Population Ageing in Malaysia: A Mosaic of Issues, Challenges and Prospects, 92.
Hietanen, H., Aartsen, M., Kiuru, N., Lyyra, T.-M., & Read, S. (2016). Social engagement from childhood to middle age and the effect of childhood socio-economic status on middle age social engagement: results from the National Child Development study. Ageing and Society, 36(3), 482–507. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X1400124X
International Wellbeing Group. (2013). Personal Wellbeing Index (5th Edition). Melbourne: Australian Centre on Quality of Life, Deakin University. Retrieved December 12, 2016 from
http://www.deakin.edu.au/research/acqol/instruments/wellbeing-index/index.php
Kasim, R., Ahmad, A. R., & Eni, S. (2008). the Neighbourhood Facilities and the Sustainable Communities Agenda : an Overview ., (June 2014).
Koh, P. P., Leow, B. W., & Wong, Y. D. (2015). Mobility of the elderly in densely populated neighbourhoods in Singapore. Sustainable Cities and Society, 14, 126–132.
La Placa, V., McNaught, A., & Knight, A. (2013). Discourse on wellbeing in research and practice. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3, 116–125.
https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v3i1.7
Lawless, N. M., & Lucas, R. E. (2011). Predictors of Regional Well-Being: A County Level Analysis. Social Indicators Research, 101(3), 341–357. Retrieved June 19, 2016 from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/41476450
Levasseur, M., Généreux, M., Bruneau, J.-F., Vanasse, A., Chabot, É., Beaulac, C., & Bédard, M.-M (2015). Importance of proximity to resources, social support, transportation and neighborhood security for mobility and social participation in older adults: results from a scoping study. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 503. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1824-0
Lin, J.-P., Chang, T.-F., & Huang, C.-H. (2011). Intergenerational relations and life satisfaction among older women in Taiwan. International Journal of Social Welfare, 20, S47–S58.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2011.00813.x
Long, G. T. (2016). Gender Differences in Financial Sources and Perceived Financial Satisfaction Among Older People in Vietnam, 18(2), 36–58.
Morrow-Howell, N., Putnam, M., Lee, Y. S., Greenfield, J. C., Inoue, M., & Chen, H. (2014). An Investigation of Activity Profiles of Older Adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69(5), 809–821.
https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbu002.
Requena, F. (2016). Rural–Urban Living and Level of Economic Development as Factors in Subjective Well-Being. Social Indicators Research, 128(2), 693–708.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1051-1.
Sarracino, F. (2010). Social capital and subjective well-being trends: Comparing 11 western European countries. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (Formerly The Journal of SocioEconomics), 39(4), 482–517. Retrieved April 18, 2017 from
http://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:soceco:v:39:y:2010:i:4:p:482-517.
Sharifah Rosida Syed Ali. (2012). Pengaruh Faktor Peribadi, Sokongan Sosial, Tahap Kesihatan dan Agama Ke Atas Warga Tua Produktif. Journal Art and Sciences. Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Tey, N. P., Siraj, S. B., Kamaruzzaman, S. B. B., Chin, A. V., Tan, M. P., Sinnappan, G. S., & M??ller, A. M. (2016). Aging in multi-ethnic Malaysia. Gerontologist, 56(4), 603–609.
https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnv153.
Tian, Q. (2014). Intergeneration social support affects the subjective well-being of the elderly: Mediator roles of self-esteem and loneliness. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(6), 1137–1144.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314547245.
United Nations. (1983). Vienna International Plan of Action on Aging. World Assembly on Aging, 1–50. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079057014030060.
World Health Organization. (2012). Social determinants of health: Social participation, 1–3. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/countrywork/within/socialparticipation/en/index.html.
Wyshak, G. (2016). Income and Subjective Well-Being: New Insights from Relatively Healthy American Women, Ages 49-79. PLoS ONE, 11(2), 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146303.
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Published
2018-12-26
How to Cite
Osman, U. A. N., & Ismail, R. (2018). The Factors Influencing the Level of Well-being among Elderly in Selangor. Management Research Journal, 7, 146–156. https://doi.org/10.37134/mrj.vol7.13.2018
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