Persepsi tekanan akademik dan kesejahteraan diri di dalam kalangan pelajar universiti di Serdang, Selangor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/ejoss.vol5.1.4.2019Keywords:
kesejahteraan diri, pelajar universiti, tekanan akademikAbstract
Kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk menentukan perkaitan antara persepsi tekanan akademik dengan kesejahteraan diri dalam kalangan pelajar universiti di Serdang, Selangor. Seramai 400 orang pelajar telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian dan data dikumpul menggunakan borang soal selidik yang diisi sendiri oleh responden. Skala Personal Wellbeing Index - Adult (PWI-A) oleh Cummins (2013) digunakan untuk mengukur tahap kesejahteraan diri pelajar universiti. Pesepsi tekanan akademik pula telah diukur dengan menggunakan Perception of Academic Stress Scale (PAS) oleh Bedewy dan Gabriel (2015) yang mempunyai empat sub-skala iaitu tekanan prestasi, persepsi bebanan kerja, persepsi diri akademik dan kekangan masa. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat perkaitan yang signifikan antara persepsi diri akademik (r = 0.247**, p ≤ 0.05) dan kekangan masa (r = 0.179**, p ≤ 0.05) dengan kesejahteraan diri pelajar universiti. Kajian ini membuktikan persepsi diri akademik merupakan faktor peramal yang paling kuat dalam menentukan kesejahteraan diri pelajar universiti (β = 0.230). Ini bermaksud kesejahteraan diri pelajar universiti amat dipengaruhi oleh faktor bagaimana mereka mempersepsi diri dari aspek akademik. Keyakinan tinggi seseorang pelajar terhadap kemampuan akademiknya boleh menjadi motivasi kepada usaha yang difokuskan untuk mencapai kejayaan. Persepsi diri akademik yang positif memudahkan seseorang pelajar menyesuaikan diri dengan persekitaran dan kaedah pembelajaran di universiti.
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References
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Bahls, S. C. (2002). Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in adolescents of a public school in Curitiba, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de psiquiatria, 24(2), 63-67
Baste, V.S. & Gadkan,J.V. (2014).Study of stress, self-esteem and depression in medical students and effects of music on perceived stress. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology.58, 294-301
Brown, M., & Ralph, S. (1999). Using the DYSA programme to reduce stress and anxiety in first-year university students. Pastoral Care, 17(3), 8-13.
Bataineh, M. Z. (2013). Academic Stress among Undergraduate Students : The Case of Education Faculty at King Saud University. International Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, 2(1), 82–88.
Bedewy, D. and Gabriel, A. (2015). Examining perceptions of academic stress and its sources among university students: The Perception of Academic Stress Scale. Health Psychology Open, 2(2).
Bennett,T.H. & Holloway, K.R. (2014). Drug misuse among university students in the U.K: Implications for prevention. Substance use and misuse.49 (4), 448-455
Boehm, J. K., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2012). The heart's content: the association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health. Psychological bulletin, 138(4), 655-691.
Bordbar, F. T., Nikkar, M., Yazdani, F., & Ali-poor, A. (2011). Comparing the psycho-logical well-being level of the students of Shiraz Payame Noor University in view of demographic and academic per-formance variables.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 663-669
Carveth, W. B., & Gottlieb, B. H. (2016). The measurement of social support and its relation to stress. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 11(3), 179.
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Chevalier, A., Gibbons, S., Thorpe, A., Snell, M., & Hoskins, S. (2009). Students’ academic self-perception. Economics of Education Review, 28(6), 716–727.
Chemers, M. M., Hu, L. T., & Garcia, B. F. (2001). Academic self-efficacy and first-year college student performance and adjustment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.5
Deb, S., Strodl, E.& Sun, J.(2015). Academic stress, parental pressure, anxiety and mental health among Indian high school students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences. 5(1), 25-34.
Dwyer, A., & Cummings, A. (2001). Stress, self-efficacy, social support, and coping strategies in university students. Canadian Journal of Counseling, 35, 208-220
Elias, H., Ping, W. S., & Abdullah, M. C. (2011). Stress and academic achievement among undergraduate students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. In Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Vol. 29, pp. 646–655.
Fairbrother, K., & Warn, J. (2003). Workplace dimensions, stress and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(1–2), 8–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940310459565
Furlong, M. (2016). Measuring student's well being in Promoting Students’ Happiness: Positive Psychology Intervention Strategies in School-Based Practice, Suldo Book Chapter 2. (Professor, School Psychology Program, University of South Florida).
Glozah, Franklin. N. (2013). Effects of Academic Stress and Perceived Social Support on the Psychological Wellbeing of Adolescents in Ghana. Open Journal of Medical Psychology, 2013, 2, 143-150 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2013.24022
Hammen, C., Kim, E. Y., Eberhart, N. K., & Brennan, P. A. (2009). Chronic and acute stress and the prediction of major depression in women. Depression and anxiety, 26(8), 718-723.
Harikiran A G, Srinagesh J, Nagesh K S, Sajudeen N. (2012). Perceived sources of stress amongst final year dental under graduate students in a dental teaching institution at Bangalore, India: A cross sectional study. Indian J Dent Res, 23:331-6.
International Wellbeing Group (2013). Personal Wellbeing Index: 5th Edition. Melbourne: Australian
Centre on Quality of Life, Deakin University
Jarden, A. (2012). Positive Psychologists on Positive Psychology. International Journal of Wellbeing, 2(2), 70-71.
Kajian Kesihatan Morbiditi Kebangsaan (2011). Methodology & General Findings,10 January 2016.http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2011VolumeI.pdf
Kearns, H., & Gardiner, M. (2007). Is it time well spent? The relationship between time management behaviours, perceived effectiveness and work‐related morale and distress in a university context. Higher Education Research & Development, 26(2), 235–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/0729436070131083
King, K.A., Vidowel,R.A.& Singh, A.(2014). Condoms, sex and STDs: Exploring sexual health issues among Asian Indian College students. Sexuality and Culture.18 (3), 649-663
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Ma, Y., Siu, A., & Tse, W. S. (2018). The Role of High Parental Expectations in Adolescents’ Academic Performance and Depression in Hong Kong. Journal of Family Issues, 39(9), 2505–2522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X18755194
Mahfar, M. and Nordin, N. (2007). Analisis faktor penyebab stres di kalangan pelajar. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, Vol 9.
Marsh, H. W., Lüdtke, O., Nagengast, B., Trautwein, U., Abduljabbar, A. S., Abdelfattah, F., & Jansen, M. (2015). Dimensional comparison theory: Paradoxical relations between self-beliefs and achievements in multiple domains. Learning and Instruction, 35, 16–32. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2014.08.005.
Hamizatun Akmal, Md Yusof & Norzaini, Azman (2013). Perkaitan antara pengurusan masa dan stres dalam kalangan pelajar siswazah di IPTA. ASEAN Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 5 (1). pp. 34-4.
Hasan, M (2016). Psychological Well-being and Gender Difference among Science and Social Science students. Indian Journal of Psychological Science, V-6, No.2, 151-158.
Hasnain, N., Wazid, S.W. & Hasan, Z. (2014). Optimism, Hope , and Happiness as correlates of Psychological Well-Being among Young Adult Assamese Males and Females. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), Vol. 19 (11), 44-51.
(1) (PDF) Psychological Well-being and Gender Difference among Science and Social Science students. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334459204_Psychological_Well-being_and_Gender_Difference_among_Science_and_Social_Science_students [accessed Jan 23 2020].
Muhammad Ashraf Zakaria, Faudziah Yusof & Suhaya Deraman. Hubungan Sokongan Sosial dan Pengertian Hidup dalam Kalangan Pelajar di Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara, Masjid Tanah Jurnal Sains Sosial, Jilid. 4 (1) 2019: 44-53.
Myers, J. E., & Sweeney, T. J. (2007). Wellness in counseling: An overview (ACAPCD-09). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.
Nor Hamidah Salleh, and Kasmini Kassim, (1995) Depression In Adolescent Runaways. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 3 (2). pp. 51-58. ISSN 0128-8628.
Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thy-self and become what you are: A eudai-monic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(1), 13-39.
Rushton, J. L., Forcier, M., & Schectman, R. M. (2002). Epidemiology of Depressive Symptoms in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(2), 199–205. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200202000-00014
Sohail, N. (2013). Stress and academic performance among medical students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 23(1), 67–71.
Sarita, S. (2015). Academic Stress among Students: Role and Responsibilities of Parents. IJAR, 1(10), 385-388
Smetana, J. G., Campione-Barr, N., & Metzger, A. (2005). Adolescent Development in Interpersonal and Societal Contexts. Annual Review of Psychology, 57(1), 255–284. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190124
Wintre, M. G., & Yaffe, M. (2000). First-year students’ adjustment to university life as a function of relationships with parents. Journal of adolescent research, 15(1), 9-37
Yusoff, M. S. B. (2010). Stress, stressors and coping strategies among secondary school students in a Malaysian government secondary school: Initial findings. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 11(2), 1-10.
Zhong, L.F., (2017). Academic Stress and Subjective Well-being: The Moderating Effects of Perceived Social Support. Scientific Research Fund of Renmin University of China, 1321-1324.
Zhang, J., & Zheng, Y. (2017). How do academic stress and leisure activities influence college students' emotional well being? A daily diary investigation. Journal of Adolescence, 60,114-118.
Acharya Pandey, R., & Chalise, H. N. (2016). Self-esteem and academic stress among nursing students. Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 13(52), 298–302.
Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple Regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Akhter (2015). Psychological Well-Being in Student of Gender Difference. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, Volume 2, Issue 4, DIP: B00337V2I42015.
Alim, C.A, Rathakrishnan, B., Alim, A. & Vooi, P. Hubungan Perfeksionisme, Keperluan Psikologi Asas Dan Kesejahteraan Psikologi dalam Kalangan Pelajar Universiti di Sabah, Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia 30 (2) (2016): 13-21.
Azman, N. (2013). Perkaitan Antara Pengurusan Masa Dan Stress Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Siswazah Di IPTA. Vol. 5, No.1, 34-49.
Bahls, S. C. (2002). Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in adolescents of a public school in Curitiba, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de psiquiatria, 24(2), 63-67
Baste, V.S. & Gadkan,J.V. (2014).Study of stress, self-esteem and depression in medical students and effects of music on perceived stress. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology.58, 294-301
Brown, M., & Ralph, S. (1999). Using the DYSA programme to reduce stress and anxiety in first-year university students. Pastoral Care, 17(3), 8-13.
Bataineh, M. Z. (2013). Academic Stress among Undergraduate Students : The Case of Education Faculty at King Saud University. International Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, 2(1), 82–88.
Bedewy, D. and Gabriel, A. (2015). Examining perceptions of academic stress and its sources among university students: The Perception of Academic Stress Scale. Health Psychology Open, 2(2).
Bennett,T.H. & Holloway, K.R. (2014). Drug misuse among university students in the U.K: Implications for prevention. Substance use and misuse.49 (4), 448-455
Boehm, J. K., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2012). The heart's content: the association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health. Psychological bulletin, 138(4), 655-691.
Bordbar, F. T., Nikkar, M., Yazdani, F., & Ali-poor, A. (2011). Comparing the psycho-logical well-being level of the students of Shiraz Payame Noor University in view of demographic and academic per-formance variables.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 663-669
Carveth, W. B., & Gottlieb, B. H. (2016). The measurement of social support and its relation to stress. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 11(3), 179.
Cummins, R., & Lau, A. (2005). Personal wellbeing index–school children. Victoria: Deakin University.
Chevalier, A., Gibbons, S., Thorpe, A., Snell, M., & Hoskins, S. (2009). Students’ academic self-perception. Economics of Education Review, 28(6), 716–727.
Chemers, M. M., Hu, L. T., & Garcia, B. F. (2001). Academic self-efficacy and first-year college student performance and adjustment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.5
Deb, S., Strodl, E.& Sun, J.(2015). Academic stress, parental pressure, anxiety and mental health among Indian high school students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences. 5(1), 25-34.
Dwyer, A., & Cummings, A. (2001). Stress, self-efficacy, social support, and coping strategies in university students. Canadian Journal of Counseling, 35, 208-220
Elias, H., Ping, W. S., & Abdullah, M. C. (2011). Stress and academic achievement among undergraduate students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. In Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Vol. 29, pp. 646–655.
Fairbrother, K., & Warn, J. (2003). Workplace dimensions, stress and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(1–2), 8–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940310459565
Furlong, M. (2016). Measuring student's well being in Promoting Students’ Happiness: Positive Psychology Intervention Strategies in School-Based Practice, Suldo Book Chapter 2. (Professor, School Psychology Program, University of South Florida).
Glozah, Franklin. N. (2013). Effects of Academic Stress and Perceived Social Support on the Psychological Wellbeing of Adolescents in Ghana. Open Journal of Medical Psychology, 2013, 2, 143-150 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2013.24022
Hammen, C., Kim, E. Y., Eberhart, N. K., & Brennan, P. A. (2009). Chronic and acute stress and the prediction of major depression in women. Depression and anxiety, 26(8), 718-723.
Harikiran A G, Srinagesh J, Nagesh K S, Sajudeen N. (2012). Perceived sources of stress amongst final year dental under graduate students in a dental teaching institution at Bangalore, India: A cross sectional study. Indian J Dent Res, 23:331-6.
International Wellbeing Group (2013). Personal Wellbeing Index: 5th Edition. Melbourne: Australian
Centre on Quality of Life, Deakin University
Jarden, A. (2012). Positive Psychologists on Positive Psychology. International Journal of Wellbeing, 2(2), 70-71.
Kajian Kesihatan Morbiditi Kebangsaan (2011). Methodology & General Findings,10 January 2016.http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2011VolumeI.pdf
Kearns, H., & Gardiner, M. (2007). Is it time well spent? The relationship between time management behaviours, perceived effectiveness and work‐related morale and distress in a university context. Higher Education Research & Development, 26(2), 235–247. https://doi.org/10.1080/0729436070131083
King, K.A., Vidowel,R.A.& Singh, A.(2014). Condoms, sex and STDs: Exploring sexual health issues among Asian Indian College students. Sexuality and Culture.18 (3), 649-663
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Ma, Y., Siu, A., & Tse, W. S. (2018). The Role of High Parental Expectations in Adolescents’ Academic Performance and Depression in Hong Kong. Journal of Family Issues, 39(9), 2505–2522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X18755194
Mahfar, M. and Nordin, N. (2007). Analisis faktor penyebab stres di kalangan pelajar. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, Vol 9.
Marsh, H. W., Lüdtke, O., Nagengast, B., Trautwein, U., Abduljabbar, A. S., Abdelfattah, F., & Jansen, M. (2015). Dimensional comparison theory: Paradoxical relations between self-beliefs and achievements in multiple domains. Learning and Instruction, 35, 16–32. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2014.08.005.
Hamizatun Akmal, Md Yusof & Norzaini, Azman (2013). Perkaitan antara pengurusan masa dan stres dalam kalangan pelajar siswazah di IPTA. ASEAN Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 5 (1). pp. 34-4.
Hasan, M (2016). Psychological Well-being and Gender Difference among Science and Social Science students. Indian Journal of Psychological Science, V-6, No.2, 151-158.
Hasnain, N., Wazid, S.W. & Hasan, Z. (2014). Optimism, Hope , and Happiness as correlates of Psychological Well-Being among Young Adult Assamese Males and Females. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), Vol. 19 (11), 44-51.
(1) (PDF) Psychological Well-being and Gender Difference among Science and Social Science students. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334459204_Psychological_Well-being_and_Gender_Difference_among_Science_and_Social_Science_students [accessed Jan 23 2020].
Muhammad Ashraf Zakaria, Faudziah Yusof & Suhaya Deraman. Hubungan Sokongan Sosial dan Pengertian Hidup dalam Kalangan Pelajar di Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara, Masjid Tanah Jurnal Sains Sosial, Jilid. 4 (1) 2019: 44-53.
Myers, J. E., & Sweeney, T. J. (2007). Wellness in counseling: An overview (ACAPCD-09). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.
Nor Hamidah Salleh, and Kasmini Kassim, (1995) Depression In Adolescent Runaways. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 3 (2). pp. 51-58. ISSN 0128-8628.
Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2008). Know thy-self and become what you are: A eudai-monic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(1), 13-39.
Rushton, J. L., Forcier, M., & Schectman, R. M. (2002). Epidemiology of Depressive Symptoms in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(2), 199–205. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200202000-00014
Sohail, N. (2013). Stress and academic performance among medical students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 23(1), 67–71.
Sarita, S. (2015). Academic Stress among Students: Role and Responsibilities of Parents. IJAR, 1(10), 385-388
Smetana, J. G., Campione-Barr, N., & Metzger, A. (2005). Adolescent Development in Interpersonal and Societal Contexts. Annual Review of Psychology, 57(1), 255–284. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190124
Wintre, M. G., & Yaffe, M. (2000). First-year students’ adjustment to university life as a function of relationships with parents. Journal of adolescent research, 15(1), 9-37
Yusoff, M. S. B. (2010). Stress, stressors and coping strategies among secondary school students in a Malaysian government secondary school: Initial findings. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 11(2), 1-10.
Zhong, L.F., (2017). Academic Stress and Subjective Well-being: The Moderating Effects of Perceived Social Support. Scientific Research Fund of Renmin University of China, 1321-1324.
Zhang, J., & Zheng, Y. (2017). How do academic stress and leisure activities influence college students' emotional well being? A daily diary investigation. Journal of Adolescence, 60,114-118.
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Published
2019-05-21
How to Cite
Johari, M. A., & Ahmad, S. (2019). Persepsi tekanan akademik dan kesejahteraan diri di dalam kalangan pelajar universiti di Serdang, Selangor. EDUCATUM Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1), 24–36. https://doi.org/10.37134/ejoss.vol5.1.4.2019
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