Kesan latihan pliometrik ke atas perubahan fizikal otot atlet lompat jauh
The effects of plyometric training on the muscle physical changes among long jumpers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jsspj.vol7.1.7.2018Keywords:
Latihan pliometrik, ukur lilit otot paha, ukur lilit otot betisAbstract
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti keberkesanan program latihan pliometrik terhadap perubahan fizikal otot. Seramai 24 orang atlet lelaki berumur 12 tahun di daerah Cameron Highland terlibat sebagai responden kajian. Mereka dibahagikan kepada kumpulan kawalan (n = 12) dan kumpulan rawatan (n = 12). Program latihan pliometrik dijalankan sebanyak dua (2) kali seminggu selama enam (6) minggu. Ukur lilit otot paha dan ukur lilit otot betis diukur semasa ujian pra dan ujian pasca. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan ujian ANOVA dua hala untuk mengenal pasti perbezaan antara kumpulan, masa ujian dan interaksi antara kumpulan dan masa ujian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa berlaku pembesaran pada diameter ukur lilit paha dan betis pada kedua dua kumpulan dengan kumpulan rawatan menunjukkan peningkatan diameter yang lebih ketara berbanding kumpulan kawalan. Ujian ANOVA dua hala menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi pembesaran diameter otot paha dan betis antara kumpulan dan masa ujian dijalankan. Kesimpulannya latihan pliometrik menunjukkan terdapat perubahan fizikal ukur lilit otot paha dan otot betis dalam kalangan atlet lompat jauh. Implikasinya, latihan pliometrik yang lebih terancang dengan bebanan yang sesuai untuk kategori umur menengah rendah perlu dilaksanakan sebagai langkah penambahbaikan bagi meningkatkan prestasi yang lebih cemerlang
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This study aim to examine the effectiveness of plyometric training on muscle physical changes. 24 long jumpers under 12 year old from Cameron Highland were involved in this study. 12 participants were in the control group and another 12 were assigned into treatment group. The training program was conducted twice a week for six weeks. Girth of thigh and calf muscles measurement were conducted during pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and two-way ANOVA test to determine the mean differences between groups, trial period and interaction of group and trial period. The findings showed that calf and thigh circumference show an improvement for both treatment and control group, in which the treatment group had gained significantly higher achievement. The two-way ANOVA test showed significant differences in enlargement of thigh muscle and calf muscle diameter between groups and trial period. As a conclusion, the plyometric exercises increased circumference of the thigh muscles and calf muscles among long jumpers. The implication of the study is that the proper plyometric training with an appropriate load for primary school athletes need to be implemented to achieve peak performance.
Keywords: Plyometric training, thigh muscle circumference, calf muscle circumference
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