Hubungan Kepimpinan Transformasi dan Transaksi Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Melebihi Peranan Ahli Pasukan Projek: Analisis Permodelan Pelbagai Tahap

The Linkages between Transformational and Transactional Leadership and Their Effects on Extra-role Performance of Project Team Members: Multi-Level Modelling Analysis

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kesan gaya kepimpinan pengurus projek terutamanya melalui dua jenis gaya kepimpinan iaitu (transformasi dan transaksi) terhadap prestasi kerja melebihi peranan ahli pasukan projek. Tujuan kedua kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti gaya kepimpinan yang lebih dominan yang menjadi faktor peramal terhadap prestasi kerja melebihi peranan ahli pasukan projek apabila dianalisis secara serentak. Data kajian dikumpul menggunakan pendekatan kajian secara tinjauan keratan rentas dikalangan 185 ahli pasukan projek daripada 37 pasukan projek dan dianalisis menggunakan perisian Permodelan Linear Berhierarki (HLM) versi 7. Apabila analisis dijalankan secara berasingan, hasil analisis kajian mendapati kepimpinan transformasi dan transaksi pengurus projek menunjukkan signifikan yang positif dengan prestasi kerja melebihi peranan ahli pasukan projek. Manakala apabila kedua-dua konstruk dianalisis secara serentak, analisis juga turut menunjukkan kepimpinan transformasi pengurus projek memberi pengaruh yang lebih dominan terhadap prestasi kerja melebihi peranan ahli pasukan projek berbanding kepimpinan transaksi. Kajian ini telah memberikan bukti empirikal bahawa kepimpinan transformasi boleh menggerakkan kepada prestasi kerja melebihi peranan ahli pasukan projek berbanding gaya kepimpinan yang lain.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of leadership style of project manager particularly through two types of leadership style (i.e., transformational and transactional leadership) on the extra-role performance of project team members. The second purpose of this study to identify which leadership style is a more dominant predictor on the extra-role performance of project team members when are analyzed simultaneously.Data were collected using a cross-sectional survey among 185 project team members from 37 project teams and were analyzed using Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) software version 7.0.The study discovered that when analyzed separately, transformational and transactional leadership were showed significantly positively related to extra-role performance of project team members.When the two constructs were analyzed simultaneously, analysis also revealed that transformational leadership was found to have more dominant on extra-role performance project team members compared to transactional leadership.This study provides empirical evidence that transformational leadership more lead to extra-role performance of project team members compared to another leadership style.