Rubber commodity in Federated Malay States (FMS), 1900-1941
Komoditi getah di Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu (NNMB), 1900-1941
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/perspektif.vol12.2.1.2020Keywords:
rubber, market, colonial, Federated Malay States, BritishAbstract
This research studies the rubber commodity at the Federated Malay States (FMS) between the years of 1900-1941. Rubber was the major commodity in economic activity during the British colonial time at the NNMB. This article uses the qualitative method. This approach focuses on the analyses of the documents and manuscripts from the primer resources such as the annual year report and even the British government’s file. The findings show that the agricultural activity has become a norm or routine for the local communities, particularly the Malays in FMS. Types of plantation that were usually be planted by the local communities are cassava, pepper, coffee, and gambir. One of the important crops that has been expanding rapidly throughout colonial Malaya was rubber plantation. This crop provided economic benefits to the British and could be proven through the scheduling of the import and export prices of the rubber plant at the international level. In conclusion, this article demonstrates the importance of the rubber plantation towards the stakeholders other than the British in the process of economic development in Malaya. At the end, this article assesses the extent to which the rubber could help increase the British’s economy to remain strong in Malaya.
Artikel ini adalah tentang komoditi getah di Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu (NNMB) antara tahun 1900-1941. Getah merupakan komoditi utama dalam kegiatan ekonomi pada zaman kolonial British di NNMB. Kajian ini dihasilkan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Kaedah ini menekankan analisis dokumen dan manuskrip ke atas sumber primer seperti laporan tahunan dan fail-fail kerajaan British. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan aktiviti pertanian sudah menjadi rutin masyarakat tempatan, khususnya orang Melayu di NNMB. Tanaman yang menjadi pilihan masyarakat tempatan adalah seperti ubi kayu, lada, kopi dan gambir. Salah satu daripada tanaman penting sepanjang penjajahan di Tanah Melayu yang berkembang pesat adalah tanaman getah. Tanaman ini memberi keuntungan ekonomi ke atas British dan boleh dibuktikan melalui penjadualan harga eksport dan import tanaman getah di peringkat antarabangsa. Secara kesimpulannya, artikel ini memperlihatkan kepentingan tanaman getah khususnya ke atas pihak yang berkepentingan (stakeholder) selain daripada pihak British dalam proses pembinaan ekonomi di Tanah Melayu. Pada akhir tahapnya, artikel ini akan menilai sejauh mana getah dapat meningkatkan ekonomi British untuk terus utuh di Tanah Melayu.
Kata kunci: getah, harga, kolonial, Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu, British.
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