Penglibatan British dalam penanaman koko di Pahang Barat sebelum merdeka dan kesannya kepada perkembangan tanaman koko di Pahang Barat
British involvement in cocoa cultivation at West Pahang before independent and its impact on the development of cocoa crops in West Pahang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/perspektif.vol12.2.5.2020Keywords:
Koko, Pahang Barat, Kolonial British, Pekebun KecilAbstract
Tanaman koko merupakan tanaman yang terpenting ketika zaman kolonial British selain daripada tanaman getah dan kelapa sawit. Tanaman koko telah diperkenalkan oleh pihak British kesan daripada kejatuhan harga getah dunia sehingga dijadikan komersil. Sehubungan itu, artikel ini membincangkan penglibatan kolonial British dalam mempergiatkan tanaman koko di Pahang Barat sebelum merdeka. Kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah kaedah kualitatif dengan menekankan analisis data atas dokumen yang diperoleh dari Arkib Negara Malaysia seperti rekod-rekod kolonial (colonial office record) dan laporan tahunan seperti Pahang Annual Report. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa penglibatan British dalam tanaman koko di Pahang Barat memberi kesan yang positif kepada perkembangan tanaman koko di Pahang Barat dan sosioekonomi masyarakat setempat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh pelbagai insentif dan bantuan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat tempatan seperti pekebun kecil dan peladang bagi menarik minat mereka terlibat dalam penanaman koko di Pahang Barat.
Abstract
Cocoa plant was the most important crop during the British colonial period besides rubber and oil palm. Cocoa plants were introduced by the British as a result of the declined in world rubber prices until they became commercial. Therefore, this article discusses the British colonial involvement in growing cocoa in West Pahang before independence. The methodology used in this study is qualitative method by emphasizing data analysis on documents obtained from the National Archives of Malaysia such as colonial records (colonial office records) and annual reports such as the Pahang Annual Report. The results show that the British involvement in cocoa cultivation in West Pahang had a positive impact on the growth of cocoa cultivation in West Pahang and the local socioeconomic environment. This was due to the various incentives and assistance given to local community, such as farmers and smallholders, in order to attract their interests in cocoa cultivation at West Pahang.
Keywords: cocoa, Western Pahang, British colonial, smallholder
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References
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