Kaedah Fuzzy Delphi: Reka bentuk pembangunan modul seksualiti pekasa berasaskan latihan mempertahankan diri untuk prasekolah
Fuzzy Delphi Method: Design of self defense training module for preschool sex education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jpak.vol9.2.2.2020Keywords:
fuzzy delphi, reka bentuk pembangunan, pendidikan seksual, latihan mempertahankan diri, prasekolah, development design, sexual education, martial arts training, preschoolAbstract
Kajian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kesepakatan pakar terhadap keperluan komponen utama, elemen dalam komponen utama dan turutan kedudukan (ranking) keutamaan komponen utama bagi setiap konstruk bagi reka bentuk dan pembangunan modul Seksualiti PEKASa berasaskan Latihan Mempertahankan Diri. Dalam kajian ini, kaedah Fuzzy Delphi (FDM) menggunakan tujuh skala likert digunakan bagi mengumpulkan 17 orang pakar dalam pelbagai bidang sebagai responden yang terdiri daripada bidang pendidikan awal kanak-kanak, seni bela diri, kaunseling dan perubatan pediatrik. Borang soal selidik kajian mengandungi 31 item yang terkandung dalam reka bentuk dan pembangunan Modul Seksualiti PEKASa yang dibahagikan kepada lima dimensi, iaitu (1) aktiviti hubungan kekeluargaan, (2) aktiviti perhubungan orang luar, (3) aktiviti pengurusan kesihatan emosi dan sosial, (4) aktiviti kesihatan fizikal dan reproduktif, dan (5) aktiviti keselamatan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan penomboran segi tiga Fuzzy (Triangular Fuzzy Numbers) dan kedudukan (ranking) setiap pemboleh ubah ditentukan menggunakan Defuzzification Process. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan maklum balas dan konsensus pakar tentang elemen dalam komponen utama dan pembangunan modul Seksualiti PEKASa adalah berada pada tahap yang baik. Dapatan keseluruhan kajian melalui konsensus pakar pula adalah melebihi 75%, nilai Threshold (d) <0.2 dan α–cut melebihi 0.5. Namun, terdapat satu item dalam komponen utama Aktiviti Pengurusan Kesihatan Emosi dan Sosial yang ditolak kerana tidak menepati syarat Triangular Fuzzy Numbers. Latihan Mempertahankan Diri menjadi satu transformasi dalam pendidikan terutama pendidikan kesihatan seksualiti kepada kanak-kanak prasekolah. Oleh itu, kewujudan elemen serta komponen utama dalam Latihan Mempertahankan Diri ini diharap dapat memberi dimensi baharu dalam pendidikan prasekolah terutamanya dalam bidang pendidikan kesihatan seksualiti.
This study aims to gain expert consensus on the needs of the main components, the elements in the main components and the ranking of the key components of each component for the design and development of the PEKASa Sex based Training module. In this study, the Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) using 7 likert scales was used to bring together 17 experts in various fields as respondents consisting of early childhood education, martial arts, counseling and pediatric medicine. The research questionnaire contained 31 items contained in the design and development of the PEKASa Sex Module, which is divided into five dimensions: (1) family relationship activities, (2) outsourcing activities, (3) emotional and social health management activities, (4) ) physical and reproductive health activities, and (5) safety activities. The data were analyzed using the Triangular Fuzzy Numbers and ranking of each variable was determined using Defuzzification Process. The findings show that expert feedback and consensus on the elements in the main components and development of the PEKASa Sex module are in good standing. The overall findings of the study by expert consensus were above 75%, Threshold values (d) <0.2 and α – cut were greater than 0.5.But an item in the main component of Emotional and Social Health Management Activities was rejected for not meeting the requirements of the Triangular Fuzzy Numbers. Self-Defense Training is a transformation in education, especially sexuality health education for preschool children. Therefore, the existence of key elements and components of the Martial Arts Training is expected to give new dimension to preschool education especially in the field of sexuality health education.
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