Sindhènan Pêmatut in Surakarta-Style Karawitan: Vocal Decision-Making in Context-Dependent Garap
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134//mjm.vol14.2.6.2025Keywords:
Javanese gamelan, performance practice, Sindhènan pêmatut, Surakarta-style karawitan, vocal garapAbstract
This study examines sindhènan pêmatut, the context-dependent adjustment of female vocal practice, in Surakarta-style karawitan (Central Javanese gamelan performance) as an adaptive mode of vocal garap (interpretive working-out in performance) that becomes operative when standard placement schemes and melodic conventions do not adequately fit the musical conditions of a gending or a formally structured gamelan piece. Rather than treating pêmatut as an aesthetic preference, the study frames it as a set of decisions through which pêsindhèn (female gamelan vocalists) maintain coherence across irregular forms and regular forms with atypical phrase organisation. The findings identify three interrelated dimensions of sindhènan pêmatut: 1) adjustment of wangsalan placement according to padhang-ulihan phrase function and cèngkok; 2) cèngkok-based adaptation shaped by rêbab garap, register, and balungan patterns such as ngadhal and nggantung; and 3) cakêpan-based substitution influenced by ensemble texture and gending theme. Overall, sindhènan pêmatut emerges as a context-dependent decision process that sustains vocal coherence when schematic conventions are insufficient.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ananto Sabdo Aji, Muhammad Nur Salim, Renaldi Lestianto Utomo Putro, Sularso
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