Morphological Characterization and Phenetic Relationships of Schizophyllum commune Fr. from Diverse Host Plants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/jsml.vol14.3.4.2026Keywords:
Schizophyllum commune, morphology, ITS rDNA, Phenetic analysis, PCAAbstract
Schizophyllum commune is a cosmopolitan basidiomycetous fungus that plays an important role in wood decomposition and nutrient cycling, and is increasingly recognized as a plant pathogen. This study characterized S. commune from diverse host plants across Java Island, Indonesia, using integrated morphological, molecular, and phenetic approaches. Fruiting bodies were collected from 16 locations in West Java, Central Java, East Java, and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, representing nine host plants with Swietenia mahagoni, Albizia chinensis and Rubus idaeus, to our knowledge, were never documented as host plants of S. commune. Morphological characterization based on 35 macroscopic and microscopic characters revealed three pileus shape types which were orbicular, suborbicular, and flabelliform with the flabelliform type being the most frequent across hosts. Molecular identification using ITS rDNA sequencing confirmed that all representative isolates from the three pileus groups belonged to S. commune, showing high sequence similarity (≥99%) with Genbank reference strains. Phenetic analysis using UPGMA grouped the isolates into two major clusters with high similarity values (0.66-1.00), indicating close relationships among isolates from different regions and host plants. Principal component analysis showed that pileus morphology and fruit body attachment characteristics were the main contributors to intraspecific variation.
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