Lakuan Bahasa Arahan dalam Teks Ucapan Perdana Menteri berkaitan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)

Command Language Behaviour in the Speech Texts by the Prime Minister on the Movement Control Order (MCO)

Authors

  • Aminnudin Saimon Kulliyah of Languages and Management, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
  • Lisa Licson Kulliyah of Languages and Management, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
  • Nur Aisyah Mohamad Taufek Kulliyah of Languages and Management, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
  • Siti Hajar Japar Kulliyah of Languages and Management, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
  • Siti Nor Asmira Razali Kulliyah of Languages and Management, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37134/pendeta.vol12.1.5.2021

Keywords:

Lakuan bahasa arahan, Bach & Harnish (1979), teks ucapan, Perdana Menteri (PM), Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)

Abstract

Teks ucapan merupakan wahana yang menggabungkan penyampaian idealogi dan pemikiran melalui penggunaan bahasa supaya dapat difahami oleh pendengar. Kejayaan menyampaikan sesuatu ucapan bergantung pada penggunaan lakuan bahasa yang meyakinkan pendengar. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan lakuan bahasa sebagai satu strategi penghujahan yang berkesan dan lakuan bahasa hanya ditumpukan kepada lakuan bahasa arahan (LBA). Objektif kajian ini adalah menganalisis lakuan bahasa arahan yang terdapat dalam teks ucapan Perdana Menteri. Data utama kajian merupakan teks ucapan YAB Tan Sri Dato’ Haji Muhyiddin bin Haji Mohd Yassin berkaitan PKP. Sebanyak empat teks ucapan diambil, iaitu pada fasa PKP pertama, kedua, ketiga dan keempat. Kaedah kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis penggunaan aspek lakuan bahasa arahan dengan bersandarkan kerangka teori Bach dan Harnish (1979). Secara keseluruhan, dapatan menunjukkan kategori lakuan bahasa arahan yang dinyatakan oleh Bach & Harnish (1979), iaitu permintaan, keperluan, pertanyaan, larangan, nasihat dan permisif diaplikasikan oleh penutur. Hasil dapatan mendapati ujaran paling banyak ialah LBA Keperluan, iaitu sebanyak 21 kali. Hal ini selari dengan intipati ucapan yang sememangnya berkisar tentang keperluan menurut perintah. Kemudian diikuti pula oleh LBA nasihat 15 kali, LBA permintaan (10), LBA larangan (7) dan bagi LBA pertanyaan dan permisif masing-masing hanya satu. Secara keseluruhannya, sebanyak 55 lakuan bahasa arahan yang terdapat dalam teks ucapan YAB PM berkaitan PKP untuk fasa pertama, kedua, ketiga dan keempat. Dapatan kajian mendapati ucapan PM mengandungi lakuan bahasa arahan yang menunjukkan kekuasaan yang ada pada dirinya untuk menuntut dan mengubah pendengar sejajar dengan niat komunikatifnya. Setiap ucapan yang dikenal pasti menunjukkan satu bentuk arahan yang menuntut pendengar untuk melakukan tindakan seperti niat komunikatifnya.

Speech text is a discourse that combines the delivery of thought and ideologies through the use of language so that it can be understood by listeners. The success of a speech depends on the use of language that convinces listeners. Accordingly, this study presented an analysis of the use of language behavior as an effective argumentation strategy and it was only focused on command language behavior (LBA). The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of the command language in speech texts. The main data of the study was the speech texts by YAB Tan Sri Dato 'Haji Muhyiddin bin Haji Mohd Yassin related to MCO. A total of four speech texts were taken, namely in the first, second, third and fourth MCO phases. Qualitative methods are used to analyze the aspects of using the command language behavior based on the theoretical framework of Bach and Harnish (1979). Overall, the findings revealed all categories of command (directive) language behavior, i.e. requests, needs, queries, prohibitions, advice and determinants were applied by the speaker. The findings also identified the most common utterance used was LBA Requirement that existed 21 times in the speech texts. This is in line with the essence of speech that actually revolves around commands. Then followed by the Advice LBA (15), the Request LBA (10), the Prohibition LBA (7) and for the Inquiry and Permissive LBA (only once respectively). In total, 55 command language actions found in the speech texts by YAB PM related to MCO for the first, second, third and fourth phases. The findings of the study revealed that the PM's speech contained command language that indicated the power he had to demand and change the listeners in line with his communicative intentions. Each speech identified indicated a form of command that requires the listeners to perform actions according to his communicative intentions.

Keywords: command speech behaviour, Bach and Harnish (1979), speech texts, Prime Minister (PM), Movement Control Order (MCO)

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Published

2021-05-31

How to Cite

Saimon, A., Licson, L., Mohamad Taufek, N. A., Japar, S. H., & Razali, S. N. A. (2021). Lakuan Bahasa Arahan dalam Teks Ucapan Perdana Menteri berkaitan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP): Command Language Behaviour in the Speech Texts by the Prime Minister on the Movement Control Order (MCO). PENDETA, 12(1), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.37134/pendeta.vol12.1.5.2021